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66 results for “soil microbiome”
The soil microbiome increases plant survival and modifies interactions with root endosymbionts in the field
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Watershed and fire severity are stronger determinants of soil chemistry and microbiomes than within-watershed woody encroachment in a tallgrass prairie system
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Data from: Microbiomes of a specialist caterpillar are consistent across different habitats but also resemble the local soil microbial communities
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Data from: Foliar-feeding insects acquire microbiomes from the soil rather than the host plant
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Data from: Temporal turnover of the soil microbiome composition is guild-specific
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Data & Analysis for: Soil microbiome sequencing reveals pathogen accumulation and nutrient cycle changes, but not mycorrhizal suppression in naturally occurring invasion of garlic mustard
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Effects of Hedysarum leguminous plants on soil bacterial microbiome in the Mu Us desert, northwest China
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A meta-analysis of tropical land-use change effects on the soil microbiome: emerging patterns and knowledge gaps
<p>Modifications to vegetation and soil due to changes in land use have the potential to alter the soil microbiome, with consequences for carbon and nutrient cycling. Despite the important function of soil microorganisms, little is known about their response to land-use change, especially in tropical regions where current rates of land conversion are greatest. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine how land-use change influences soil microbial properties in tropical ecosystems and to identify current trends and knowledge gaps in the literature. We identified 83 published paired studies that reported data on microbial biomass, abundance, composition, and enzyme activity under representative land-use changes in the tropics. We calculated response ratios for studies that compared the following: reference forests to (a) agriculture, (b) pastures, (c) plantations, and (d) secondary forests. Here you will find all the raw and clean data used for the meta-analysis. </p>
Data from: The impact of tropical forest logging and oil palm agriculture on the soil microbiome
Selective logging and forest conversion to oil palm agriculture are rapidly altering tropical forests. However, functional responses of the soil microbiome to these land-use changes are poorly understood. Using 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we compared composition and functional attributes of soil biota between unlogged, once-logged and twice-logged rainforest, and areas converted to oil palm plantations in Sabah, Borneo. Although there was no significant effect of logging history, we found a significant difference between the taxonomic and functional composition of both primary and logged forests and oil palm. Oil palm had greater abundances of genes associated with DNA, RNA, protein metabolism and other core metabolic functions, but conversely, lower abundance of genes associated with secondary metabolism and cell–cell interactions, indicating less importance of antagonism or mutualism in the more oligotrophic oil palm environment. Overall, these results show a striking difference in taxonomic composition and functional gene diversity of soil microorganisms between oil palm and forest, but no significant difference between primary forest and forest areas with differing logging history. This reinforces the view that logged forest retains most features and functions of the original soil community. However, networks based on strong correlations between taxonomy and functions showed that network complexity is unexpectedly increased due to both logging and oil palm agriculture, which suggests a pervasive effect of both land-use changes on the interaction of soil microbes.
Data from: Disturbance alters the forest soil microbiome
<p>Billions of microorganisms perform critical below-ground functions in all terrestrial ecosystems. While largely invisible to the naked eye, they support all higher lifeforms, form symbiotic relationships with ~90% of terrestrial plant species, stabilize soils, and facilitate biogeochemical cycles. Global increases in the frequency of disturbances are driving major changes in the structure and function of forests. However, despite their functional significance, the disturbance responses of forest microbial communities are poorly understood. Here we explore the influence of disturbance on the soil microbiome (archaea, fungi and bacteria) of some of the world's tallest and most carbon-dense forests, the Mountain Ash forests of southeastern Australia. From 80 sites, we identified 23,277 and 19,056 microbial operational taxonomic units from the 0-10 cm and 20-30 cm depths of soil respectively. From this extensive dataset, we found the diversity and composition of these often-cryptic communities has been altered by human and natural disturbance events. For instance, the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi declined with clearcut logging, the diversity of archaea declined with salvage logging, and bacterial diversity and overall microbial diversity declined with the number of fires. Moreover, we identified key associations between edaphic (soil properties), environmental (slope, elevation) and spatial variables and the composition of all microbial communities. Specifically, we found that soil pH, manganese, magnesium, phosphorus, iron and nitrate were associated with the composition of all microbial communities. In a period of widespread degradation of global forest ecosystems, our findings provide an important and timely insight into the disturbance responses of soil microbial communities, which may influence key ecological functions.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Kimeklis AK, Gladkov GV, Tembotov RH, Kichko AA, Pinaev AG, Hosid SL, Andronov EE, Abakumov EV (2022) Microbiome composition of disturbed soils from sandy-gravel mining complexes with different reclamation approaches. One Ecosystem 7: e83756. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.7.e83756
Supplementary figures
Supplementary material 2 from: Kimeklis AK, Gladkov GV, Tembotov RH, Kichko AA, Pinaev AG, Hosid SL, Andronov EE, Abakumov EV (2022) Microbiome composition of disturbed soils from sandy-gravel mining complexes with different reclamation approaches. One Ecosystem 7: e83756. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.7.e83756
Supplementary tables
Supplementary material 3 from: Kimeklis AK, Gladkov GV, Tembotov RH, Kichko AA, Pinaev AG, Hosid SL, Andronov EE, Abakumov EV (2022) Microbiome composition of disturbed soils from sandy-gravel mining complexes with different reclamation approaches. One Ecosystem 7: e83756. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.7.e83756
Supplementary code
The boreal soil microbiome of different urban green spaces
<p>This study describes the soil microbiome in relation to the aboveground plant diversity of three types of urban green spaces: built green spaces with sown lawns, planted trees and ornamental flowerbeds, open green spaces such as meadows and pastures, and urban forests. </p> <p>Data includes information on study sites, soil physio-chemical properties, vegetation, and soil microbiome: Plot information, Soil properties, Vegetation, Meta includes column information in sheets plot and soil. In vegetation sheet column names are species. Explanations for species name abbreviations can be found in sheet meta2. Micoboal commnity composition and taxonomy in Bacteria_nmds and Fungi_nmds. </p>
Data from: The impact of tropical forest logging and oil palm agriculture on the soil microbiome
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Data from: Disturbance alters the forest soil microbiome
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A meta-analysis of tropical land-use change effects on the soil microbiome: emerging patterns and knowledge gaps
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The soil microbiome reduces Striga infection in sorghum by modulation of host-derived signaling molecules and root development
GEO Series GSE216351. Sorghum bicolor. 31 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
A low-cost pipeline for soil microbiome profiling
<p>Supplementary material for the article: A low-cost pipeline for soil microbiome profiling</p>
Resistance and resilience of the soil microbiome to mechanical compaction under different agricultural management systems
<p>The growing demand for food production over the past decades has led to an increase in agricultural land intensity that requires intensive management and use of highly mechanized equipment. The increasing weight of such equipment and the continuation of mechanized operations for tillage, seeding, fertilizing, spraying, and harvesting even at low frequency can lead to soil compaction. In Europe for example, soil compaction is estimated to affect about 32-36% of the agricultural areas and this percentage is constantly rising.</p> <p>Soil compaction affects soil physical properties by increasing soil bulk density, changing aggregate size distribution and altering pore connectivity. As a result, macropore functions such as facilitating water infiltration, hydraulic conductivity, air permeability and diffusion are reduced. The decreased pore size and connectivity lead to a decrease in oxygen availability that further increases the number of anaerobic niches within soil. The impact of all these changes in soil physics and chemistry does ultimately affect the soil microbial community and shifts bacterial, archaeal and fungal diversity and function.</p> <p>Although researchers, farmers and stakeholders have a relatively good understanding of the impact of soil compaction on physical and chemical soil properties, much less is known about what soil compaction does to microbes. However, microbes are the ultimate operators of all enzymatic transformations in every soil’s biogeochemical cycle, making their understanding crucial under soil compaction. Moreover, there is a lack of standard measurements to investigate compaction effects on soil microorganisms and their associated ecosystem functions. This often leads to inaccurate assessments of soil compaction effects on the entire ecosystem and, as a consequence, poor regulations and managerial decisions.</p> <p>This thesis aims to improve the scientific understanding of the effects of soil compaction on microbial community diversity and function, as well as their resistance (impact) and resilience (recovery) under different agricultural management systems. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the resistance and the resilience of the soil microbial community structure to compaction under different agricultural management systems, (ii) to assess if the previously observed shifts in microbial diversity under compaction translated into shifts in function potential and (iii) to provide more mechanistic insights into the nitrogen cycle in agricultural systems under different levels of soil compaction.</p> <p>In the first chapter of this thesis, we assessed for the first time the resistance and the resilience of the soil microbial diversity to compaction under different agricultural management systems. For the purpose of this chapter, permanent ley and two crop rotations with and without tillage were used after a single compaction event in a long-term field experiment with a microbial DNA metabarcoding approach. The DNA metabarcoding approach highlighted a shift in microbial diversity under compaction, specific for each agricultural management system. A relative increase in potential anaerobically metabolizing prokaryotes and saprotrophic fungi and bacteria under soil compaction was found. Additionally, microorganisms with aerobic or plant-host-associated lifestyles were generally negatively affected. Those observations appear to be a unifying concept that agrees with previous studies carried out in forest soils. Whereas crop yield recovered after two growing seasons, for the microbial community four growing seasons were not sufficient to recover although soil properties were similar between compaction treatments and control at the end of the experiment.</p> <p>Building on the first chapter, we assessed in the second chapter, if shifts in microbial diversity under compaction translated as well into shifts in its function potential because of functional redundancy among microbial species. For the purpose, shotgun metagenomics approach was used. For instance, shotgun metagenomics results confirmed the increase in metabolic potential of anaerobic functions and the decrease in the aerobic ones. This observation supported our previous findings on the microbial diversity and our inference on their potential lifestyle. However, in contrary to the microbial diversity, the shift in microbial metabolic potential under compaction was independent of agricultural management systems.</p> <p>In the third and last chapter of this thesis, we tested the effect of different moisture contents on compaction severity and used a more closed system to better understand nitrogen partitioning in soil. For this purpose, we have set up pea and wheat cropping systems in microcosms and used the qPCR method to target key nitrogen function groups and further measured concentrations of different nitrogen forms (ammonium, nitrate and nitrous oxide). Our findings confirmed that the severity and effects of soil compaction are linked to the initial soil water content. This chapter highlighted that soil compaction favored denitrifying bacteria. As a result, soil nitrate concentration decreased and soil nitrous oxide concentration increased. Less clear observations were made regarding the nitrification process; whereas there was an accumulation of soil ammonium concentration, the abundance of nitrifying bacteria and archaea showed no notable change. Additionally, like for the previous chapters, those changes in functions involved in the nitrogen cycle were independent of the cropping system and not necessarily aligned with plant growth.</p> <p>Overall, the results based on the hypotheses tested and methods used within this PhD thesis, either taken individually or combined, help to better understand the resistance and resilience of soil microbial community under different agricultural management systems affected by compaction. The combined use of molecular tools, such as metabarcoding and metagenomic approaches, was considered as a suitable approach to have an overview of the microbial diversity and metabolic potential. Those first observations can be the basis to formulate more precise hypothesis to be tested with qPCR as it has been done for this PhD thesis. Nevertheless, in order to make tangible inference on the potential lifestyle of each microbe and their potential metabolic function, these molecular tools -metabarcoding, metagenomics and qPCR - need to be upheld by physico-chemical soil analysis and metabolic process measurements. Only by using this combined approach, studies can finally interpret the increase or decrease in relative abundance of taxa or function under compaction. Finally, the interdisciplinary, long-term and mechanistic approaches involved in this thesis demonstrated that the studied biological actors (e.g., plant and microbes) as well as the soil physical properties were not necessarily aligned in their resistance and recovery. All those findings bring new and unique knowledges on the compaction impact on microbial diversity and function and highlight the need of assessing many components of the agricultural system in order to make policy recommendations towards a more sustainable agriculture.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.