Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
530
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
530 results for “species introduction”
Data from: Species introductions shift seed dispersal potential more than extinctions across 120 island plant–frugivore communities
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Selection on individuals of introduced species starts before introduction
<p>Biological invasion is a global problem with large negative impacts on ecosystems and human societies. When a species is introduced, individuals will first have to pass through the invasion stages of uptake and transport, before actual introduction in a non-native range. Selection is predicted to act during these earliest stages of biological invasion, potentially influencing the invasiveness and/or impact of introduced populations. Despite this potential impact of pre-introduction selection, empirical tests are virtually lacking. To test the hypothesis of pre-introduction selection, we followed the fate of individuals during capture, initial acclimation, and captivity in two bird species with several invasive populations originating from the international trade in wild-caught pets (the weavers <i>Ploceus melanocephalus</i> and <i>Euplectes afer</i>). We confirm that pre-introduction selection acts on a wide range of physiological, morphological, behavioral and demographic traits (incl. sex, age, size of body/brain/bill, bill shape, body mass, corticosterone levels, and escape behavior); these are all traits which likely affect invasion success. Our study thus comprehensively demonstrates the existence of hitherto ignored selection acting before the actual introduction into non-native ranges. This could ultimately change the composition and functioning of introduced populations, and therefore warrants greater attention. More knowledge on pre-introduction selection also might provide novel targets for the management of invasive species, if pre-introduction filters can be adjusted to change the quality and/or quantity of individuals passing through such that invasion probability and/or impacts are reduced.</p>
Data and R-Scripts: Predicting hotspots for invasive species introduction in Europe
<p>The .rar file comprises all data and R-scripts needed to replicate our study entitled "<em>Predicting Hotspots for Invasive Species Introduction in Europe</em>" published in <em>Environmental Research Letters</em>. The folder <em>data </em>holds all input data as well as the final datasets used for training the algorithms, in the subfolder <em>A_ML_ready_datasets</em>. The folder <em>descriptives </em>provides tables with descriptive statistics<em>. </em>The folder<em> figures </em>provides files for all figures displayed in the manuscript and the supplementary material as well as visualizations of descriptive statistics for all background approaches in the corresponding subfolders. The folder <em>results </em>holds all generated results. The folder <em>scripts</em> provides all R-scripts used for intermediate computations. The <em>master </em>and <em>master_results</em> scripts coordinate all computations and the generation of results, respectively.</p> <p>Notably, various spatial layers were used to extract point-values of features which subsequently were used to estimate the models and generate the predictions. Here, we only upload the extracted point-values in the <em>data </em>folder. If you are interested in using any of the raw spatial layers, please refer to section 2.1.3. of our publication to find the corresponding references. Alternatively, feel free to reach out to me and I will direct you to the original databases and/or send you the raw spatial layers.</p>
Toward understanding insect species introduction and establishment: a community-level barcoding approach using island beetles
<p>Since Darwin put forward his opposing hypotheses to explain the successful establishment of species in areas outside their native ranges, the preadaptation and competition-relatedness hypotheses, known as Darwin's naturalisation conundrum, numerous studies have sought to understand the relative importance of each. Here we take advantage of well-characterised beetle communities across laurel forests of the Canary Islands for a first evaluation of the relative support for Darwin's two hypotheses within arthropods. We generated a mitogenome backbone tree comprising nearly half of the beetle genera recorded within the Canary Islands for the phylogenetic placement of native and introduced species sampled in laurel forests, using cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences. For comparative purposes, we also assembled and phylogenetically placed a data set of COI sequences for introduced beetle species that were not sampled within laurel forests. Our results suggest a stronger effect of species preadaptation over resource competition, while also revealing an underappreciated shortfall in arthropod biodiversity data – knowledge of endemic species. We name this the Humboldtean shortfall, and suggest that similar studies using arthropods should incorporate DNA barcode sequencing to mitigate this problem.</p>
Introduction pathways and evolutionary mechanisms of the spread of alien species of Lolium on sandy coasts in Japan
<p><span>1. Estimating the role of specific processes in the spread of alien species necessitates the d</span><span>etermination of introduction pathways and source populations of invaded areas</span><span>. Alien grasses in the genus <em>Lolium</em> that have become widely invasive in Japan provide provides a unique opportunity to estimate the expansion process through a direct comparison between </span><span>source </span><span>and naturalised populations</span><span> because the </span><span>introduction pathways, contaminants in grain commodities</span><span> and commercial cultivars for fodder crops or revegetation materials are well-known.</span><span> Therefore, by directly comparing between source and naturalised populations, we estimated the introduction pathways and whether adaptative evolution occurred in <em>Lolium</em> species on sandy coasts in Japan.</span></p> <p><span>2. <em>Lolium</em> individuals sampled from naturalised populations in croplands, seaports and sandy coasts were compared with those from two introduction sources for morphological and genetic variations based on a genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism analysis and a common garden experiment. Furthermore, we conducted a reciprocal sowing experiment between a cropland and sandy coast.</span></p> <p><span>3. Populations naturalized in croplands were closely related to the cultivars, whereas those naturalized in seaports and sandy coasts were associated with contaminants. This pattern is common in western Japan. Therefore, these results indicate that the cropland and sandy coast populations are derived from cultivars and contaminants, respectively. </span><span>The reciprocal transplant experiment clearly demonstrated the home site advantage; populations derived from croplands yielded higher floret numbers than those derived from other habitats at the cropland site; however, such an advantage was not detected with the coastal site population. Sandy coast populations had higher survival rates than those from croplands at coastal sites. Port populations exhibited a similar tendency as sandy coast populations, indicating that contaminants may be originally adapted to salty and dry environments, such as that in sandy coasts.</span></p> <p><span>4. <em>Synthesis</em>. We demonstrated that two congeneric species with different ecological characteristics were introduced through multiple introduction pathways and spread into different habitats</span><span>. </span><span>A direct comparison between </span><span>source </span><span>and naturalised populations </span><span>can greatly advance our understanding of the patterns and processes of biological invasions.</span></p>
Introduction pathways and evolutionary mechanisms of the spread of alien species of Lolium on sandy coasts in Japan
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Confirmation of independent introductions of an exotic plant pathogen of Cornus species, Discula destructiva, on the east and west coasts of North America
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Selection on individuals of introduced species starts before introduction
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Toward understanding insect species introduction and establishment: a community-level barcoding approach using island beetles
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
FIGURES 9–14. Striaria columbiana and Amplaria imberbis. Figs. 9, 10. Striaria columbiana. Fig. 9 in The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893: I. Introduction to the family, synonymy of Vaferaria Causey with Amplaria Chamberlin, the new subfamily Trisariinae, the new genus Trisaria, and three new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea)
FIGURES 9–14. Striaria columbiana and Amplaria imberbis. Figs. 9, 10. Striaria columbiana. Fig. 9. Left gonopod, mesal view; pcc, posterior lobe of colpocoxite; other labels as in Fig. 6. Fig. 10. Right gonopod, lateral view; labels as in Fig. 9. Figs. 11–14. Amplaria imberbis male holotype. Fig. 11. Right gonopod, lateral view; labels as in Fig. 6. Fig. 12. Angiocoxite tips of right gonopod, mesal view; labels as in Fig. 6. Fig. 13. Legpair 9 of male, anterior view; cp, coxal pore; other labels as in Fig. 8.
FIGURES 40, 41. Trisaria washingtonensis. Fig. 40. Coxae 3 in The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893: I. Introduction to the family, synonymy of Vaferaria Causey with Amplaria Chamberlin, the new subfamily Trisariinae, the new genus Trisaria, and three new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea)
FIGURES 40, 41. Trisaria washingtonensis. Fig. 40. Coxae 3 of male, posterior view; cx3, coxa 3, st3, sternum of legpair 3. Fig. 41. Gonopod complex, ventral view; cx 6, coxa 6, cx7, coxa 7, gp, gonopods, t9, telopodite of leg 9.
FIGURES 20–25. Trisaria rex. Fig. 20 in The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893: I. Introduction to the family, synonymy of Vaferaria Causey with Amplaria Chamberlin, the new subfamily Trisariinae, the new genus Trisaria, and three new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea)
FIGURES 20–25. Trisaria rex. Fig. 20. Gonopod complex, ventral view; art7, articulating surface of paratergite 7, cx 10, cx11, coxae of legs 10 & 11, gst, gonopod sternum, mac, median colpocoxite, lac, lateral colpocoxite, t9, telopodite of 9th leg. Fig. 21. Gonopods, anterior view; gst, gonopod sternum, lac1, lac2, first and second branches of lateral colpocoxite, mac1, mac 2, first and second branches of median colpocoxite. Fig. 22. Gonopods, posterior view; cc, colpocoxite, lac 3, third branch of lateral colpocoxite; other labels as in Fig. 21. Fig. 23. Legpair 9 of male; labels as in Fig. 13. Fig. 24. Legpair 10 of male; cx10, coxa, gp, coxal pore. Fig. 25. Part of prefemur of leg 10, showing modified setae.
FIGURES 52–54. Trisaria olympia. Fig. 52. Gonopods, anterior view. Fig. 53. Gonopods, posterior view. Fig. 54. Left leg 9 in The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893: I. Introduction to the family, synonymy of Vaferaria Causey with Amplaria Chamberlin, the new subfamily Trisariinae, the new genus Trisaria, and three new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea)
FIGURES 52–54. Trisaria olympia. Fig. 52. Gonopods, anterior view. Fig. 53. Gonopods, posterior view. Fig. 54. Left leg 9 of male, anterior view; ap, apodeme, cl, coxal lobe; other labels for this and Figs. 52 & 53 as in Figs. 21–23.
Functional traits of avian frugivores have shifted following species extinction and introduction in the Hawaiian Islands
<p>The extinction and introduction of species can alter ecological processes owing to the loss or gain of species roles. In vertebrate-dependent seed dispersal, mutualisms between frugivores and fruiting plants depend, in part, on matching of functional traits. High species turnover of frugivores has occurred on the Hawaiian Islands, owing to both the loss of native frugivores and the introduction of a new suite of frugivores. How this turnover has altered the functional traits of frugivores and the potential impacts on seed dispersal remain unclear.</p> <p>We investigated how avian frugivore traits differed between historic and modern assemblages of the Hawaiian Islands. We also tested how traits shifted within foraging guilds (ground versus arboreal) to distinguish potential impacts on plants within low versus high forest strata.</p> <p>Compared to historic frugivores, the modern assemblage is smaller in gape width and body mass in both ground and arboreal guilds. Wing shape did not significantly change between assemblages. From results, we postulate that changes in the frugivore community have likely altered seed dispersal processes by reducing (1) the size of seeds consumed, (2) frugivory rates per animal, and (3) seed dispersal distances.</p> <p>Owing to seed size placing strong constraints on consumption, we reviewed recent studies on frugivory by modern birds in the Hawaiian Islands and compared the size of seeds consumed versus seeds available. We found that larger-seeded plants (>8.1mm seed width) were not consumed by modern birds and were more likely to be of conservation risk compared to smaller-seeded plants. Consequently, dispersal limitation may threaten Hawaiian plant communities, with larger-seeded plants at greatest risk of extinction.</p> <p>Broadly, we show that extensive turnover within assemblages may lead to significant changes in functional traits, with potential knock-on effects for mutualistic interactions and communities.</p>
Data from: Trophic rewilding establishes a landscape of fear: Tasmanian devil introduction increases risk-sensitive foraging in a key prey species
Global declines of large carnivores have reduced the 'landscape of fear' that constrains the behaviour of other species. In recent years, active and passive trophic rewilding have potentially begun restoring these lost top-down controls. The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) has declined severely due to a novel transmissible cancer. In response to extinction fears, devils were introduced to the devil-free Maria Island, where their abundance rapidly increased. We tested how this introduction influenced risk-sensitive foraging in the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula), a major prey species for devils, using giving-up densities (GUDs). Before the introduction of devils, possum GUDs on Maria Island were indistinguishable from the long-diseased region of Tasmania, where devils have been rare since ~2000. Three years after devil introduction, GUDs were 64% higher on Maria Island than the control region, demonstrating that after an initial period of high mortality, possums quickly adopted risk-sensitive foraging behaviours. Devil activity across Maria Island was variable, leading to a heterogeneous landscape of fear and highlighting that top predators must be at functional densities to elicit behavioural responses from prey. Our study provides strong evidence that top predators modify the behaviour of prey by instilling fear, causing rapid ecological change following recoveries.
FIGURES 6–13 in Introduction of a new generic synonymy and three newly recorded species of Nolinae (Lepidoptera: Nolidae) from India
FIGURES 6–13. Nolinae spp.: 6, Leucobaeta hemiphea (Hampson, 1905), Adult; 7, Leucobaeta hemiphea, male clasping apparatus; 8, Leucobaeta hemiphea, Aedeagus; 9, Nola infralba Inoue, Adult; 10, Nola infralba Inoue, female genitalia; 11, Nola atrocinta Inoue, Adult; 12, Nola atrocinta, male clasping apparatus; 13, Nola atrocinta, Aedeagus.
FIGURES 1–5. Membranola lampang Pellinen, 2012 in Introduction of a new generic synonymy and three newly recorded species of Nolinae (Lepidoptera: Nolidae) from India
FIGURES 1–5. Membranola lampang Pellinen, 2012: 1, Adult male (Holotype); 2, male clasping apparatus (Holotype); 3, Aedeagus (Holotype); 4, Adult Female (Paratype); 5, Female genitalia.
Data from: Introduction beyond a species range: a relationship between population origin, adaptive potential and plant performance
The adaptive potential of a population defines its importance for species survival in changing environmental conditions such as global climate change. Very few empirical studies have examined adaptive potential across species' ranges, namely, of edge vs core populations, and we are unaware of a study that has tested adaptive potential (namely, variation in adaptive traits) and measured performance of such populations in conditions not currently experienced by the species but expected in the future. Here we report the results of a Triticum dicoccoides population study that employed transplant experiments and analysis of quantitative trait variation. Two populations at the opposite edges of the species range (1) were locally adapted; (2) had lower adaptive potential (inferred from the extent of genetic quantitative trait variation) than the two core populations; and (3) were outperformed by the plants from the core population in the novel environment. The fact that plants from the species arid edge performed worse than plants from the more mesic core in extreme drought conditions beyond the present climatic envelope of the species implies that usage of peripheral populations for conservation purposes must be based on intensive sampling of among-population variation.
Data from: Using ABC and microsatellite data to detect multiple introductions of invasive species from a single source
The introduction of invasive species to new locations (that is, biological invasions) can have major impact on biodiversity, agriculture and public health. As such, determining the routes and modality of introductions with genetic data has become a fundamental goal in molecular ecology. To assist with this goal, new statistical methods and frameworks have been developed, such as approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) for inferring invasion history. Here, we present a model of invasion accounting for multiple introductions from a single source (MISS), a heretofore largely unexplored model. We simulate microsatellite data to evaluate the power of ABC to distinguish between single and multiple introductions from the same source, under a range of demographic parameters. We also apply ABC to microsatellite data from three invasions of bumblebee in New Zealand. In addition, we assess the performance of several methods of summary statistics selection. Our simulated results suggested good ability to distinguish between one- and two-wave models over much but not all of the parameter space tested, independent of summary statistics used. Globally, parameter estimation was good except for bottleneck timing. For one of the bumblebee species, we clearly rejected the MISS model, while for the other two we found inconclusive results. Since a second wave may provide genetic reinforcement to initial colonists, help relieve inbreeding among founders, or increase the hazard of the invasion, its detection may be crucial for managing invasions; we suggest that the MISS model could be considered as a potential model in future theoretical and empirical studies of invasions.
Data from: Assembling a species–area curve through colonization, speciation and human-mediated introduction
Aim: The fundamental biogeographical processes of colonization, speciation and extinction shape island biotas in space–time. On oceanic islands, area and isolation affect these processes and resulting biodiversity patterns. In the Anthropocene, a new human-mediated colonization dynamic is altering insular ecosystems world-wide. Here, we test predictions about the roles of archipelago area and isolation in structuring ant diversity patterns through effects on both natural and anthropogenic biogeographical processes. Location: Tropical Pacific islands. Methods: We compiled a comprehensive data set of ant faunal compositions across tropical Pacific archipelagos. Using regression analysis we evaluated the bivariate and interactive effects of area and isolation on the number of colonizing lineages, native species, endemic species, exotic species and total richness in the archipelago. Results: There is a strong species–area effect and a much more modest isolation effect on total ant species richness across the Pacific archipelagos. The number of colonizing lineages of each archipelago is strongly driven by the isolation of the archipelago. Endemic species are present in large archipelagos of low and intermediate isolation. The most remote archipelagos are nearly devoid of endemic lineages and their ant faunas are largely composed of Pacific Tramp species and exotics brought from outside the Pacific region. Main conclusions: The prominent species–area curve in Pacific ants emerged over time through multiple processes. The colonization of lineages is determined primarily by isolation, with few or no lineages reaching remote archipelagos. Cladogenesis mediates the isolation effect and increases the area effect through the differential radiation of lineages in large archipelagos. In the Anthropocene, the assembly of the species–area relationship has accelerated dramatically through human-mediated colonization. Overall, our results support a view that species–area curves reflect regulating limits on species richness that scale with area, but that multiple biogeographical processes can occur to achieve these limits.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.