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Fig. 5 in Nestedness of stream insects in Subtropical region: importance of inter-annual temporal scale

Fig. 5. NODF nestedness of Chironomidae (Diptera) assemblages in streams of southern Brazil in the summer and winter of 2010, 2011 and 2012. (A) Each line represents a stream independent of intra- and inter-annual factor. (B, C, D) Dotted lines represent winter data and continuous lines represent summer data. In these graphs, the individual information for each stream was grouped to assess intra-annual nestedness.

Fig. 4 in Nestedness of stream insects in Subtropical region: importance of inter-annual temporal scale

Fig. 4. Boxplot of water temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) and precipitation in the summer and winter of 2010, 2011 and 2012 in streams of southern Brazil (only variables with significant differences for each year).

Fig. 2 in Nestedness of stream insects in Subtropical region: importance of inter-annual temporal scale

Fig. 2. Abundance and richness of Chironomidae (Diptera) in streams of southern Brazil in the summer and winter of 2010, 2011 and 2012.

Fig. 1 in Nestedness of stream insects in Subtropical region: importance of inter-annual temporal scale

Fig. 1. Location of sampling sites in southern Brazil (F, Faxinalzinho city; E, Erechim; MR, Marcelino Ramos; TA, TrÊs Arroios).

Fig. 3 in Nestedness of stream insects in Subtropical region: importance of inter-annual temporal scale

Fig. 3. Boxplot of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) and precipitation in streams of southern Brazil in the summer and winter of 2010, 2011 and 2012.

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Evaluation of Upper Tropospheric Geopotential Height Anomalies over the Tropical and Subtropical Oceans in CMIP6 Models Using GNSS Radio Occultation Observations

The set-up of CESM2-CAM6 sensitivity experiments for winter season (Dec-Jan-Feb: DJF), with prognostic falling ice radiative effects on (SON) and off (NOS), is an updated two-moment stratiform cloud scheme (MG2, Gettelman & Morrison, 2015) in the CESM2 atmospheric component of CAM6. CESM2-CAM6 participated in CMIP6. Both the NOS and SON simulations were configured following the same approach as the CMIP6 "historical" run spanning from 1980 to 2014.   The data are:   TS: skin temperature (K) TAUX: zonal surface wind stress TAUY: meridinal surface wind stress DTCOND: moist condensation heating rate QRL: long wave heating rate OMEGA: vertical motion Z3: geopotential height

Figures 44–52 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 44–52: Alexandrium tamarense, LM and SEM. (44) Cell in ventral view, LM. (45) Empty cell in ventral view with plate tabulation, LM. (46) Detail of the epitheca with some plates and ventral pore (arrow), LM. (47) Apical view, with plate tabulation, LM. (48, 49) Hypotheca with plate tabulation, including the posterior sulcal plate (Sp) and its pore (arrow), LM. (50) Epitheca with plate tabulation and the ventral pore (arrow), SEM. (51) Epitheca with plate tabulation, SEM. (52) Po with some plates surrounding it, and the ventral pore (arrow), SEM.

Figures 28–37 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 28–37: Alexandrium monilatum, LM and SEM.(28, 29) A long chain (8 cells) and detail of that chain, respectively, LM. (30) Pair of cells in ventral view, SEM. (31) General outline of a cell, LM. (32) Cell in ventral view showing Po and 1′, SEM. (33) Detail of the cingulum and sulcus, showing the first apical plate (1′), SEM. (34) Apical view with plate tabulation, SEM. (35) Hypotheca showing the posterior sulcal plate (Sp) and its connecting pore (arrow), SEM. (36) Po plate with the conjunction pore and foramen, SEM. (37) Posterior sulcal plate showing the connection pore, LM.

Figures 20–21 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 20–21: Alexandrium leei, LM. (20) Recently fixed cell in ventral view. (21) An empty cell in ventral view showing plate tabulation, arrow indicates the ventral pore in the first apical plate (1′).

Figures 9–11 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 9–11: Alexandrium gaarderae, LM. (9, 10) Two different focal planes of a solitary cell in ventral view, showing the cell outline, cingulum and sulcus. (11) A cell in dorsal view.

Figures 2–8 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 2–8: Alexandrium affine, LM. (2, 3) Chains of 8 and 3 cells, respectively. (4) An empty cell showing only the theca in ventral view. (5) Epitheca in ventral view showing the ventral pore (arrow) in the first apical plate (1′). (6) Epitheca with Po and 1′ showing the ventral pore (arrow). (7, 8) Po and posterior sulcal plate (Sp) (with a connecting pore), respectively.

Figures 67–69 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 67–69: Alexandrium tropicale, LM. (67) Pair of cells. (68, 69) Epitheca and hypotheca with plate tabulation.

Figure 1 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figure 1: Map with the sampling points where species of Alexandrium were found and the sites from which the established strains were isolated.

Figures 38–43 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 38–43: Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax, LM. (38) Cell in ventral view. (39) Empty cell in ventral view, showing 1′, 4′, 6″ and the large ventral pore (arrow). (40) Detail of Po with the foramen. (41–43) Epitheca in ventral view showing 1′, 4′, 6″, and ventral pore (arrow).

Figures 22–24 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 22–24: Alexandrium margalefii, LM. (22) General outline of a cell. (23) An empty cell in ventral view showing 1′ and 6″ and the ventral pore (arrow) in the first apical plate (1′). (24) Hypotheca with plate tabulation.

Figures 12–19 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 12–19: Alexandrium globosum, LM. (12) Cell outline, with the central nucleus arrowed. (13, 14) Two different cells in ventro-lateral and ventral views, respectively, showing some plates of the epitheca and the sulcus. (15) Epitheca with plate tabulation, arrow indicates the location of the ventral pore in the first apical plate (1′). (16) Hypotheca showing plate tabulation. (17) Po plate. (18) Posterior sulcal plate (Sp). (19) Detail of some precingular, cingular and sulcal plates.

Figures 53–66 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figures 53–66: Alexandrium tamiyavanichii, LM and SEM. (53) Chain of 6 cells,LM. (54) Detail of two cells with cellular content of a chain, LM. (55) Cells in ventral view showing the anterior sulcal plate (Sa), LM. (56) Two cells slightly twisted in a chain, SEM. (57) Cell in ventral view showing plates of the ventral area, LM. (58) Empty cell in ventral view showing plate tabulation, the ventral pore is arrowed, LM. (59) Epitheca in ventro-lateral view with plate tabulation, the left sulcal list is arrowed, SEM. (60, 61) Hypotheca with plate tabulation and pore at the posterior sulcal plate (Sp),SEM.(62, 63) Po and plates around it; the ventral pore is arrowed, LM. (64) Posterior sulcal plate (Sp) with pore (arrow), LM. (65, 66) Anterior sulcal plate, LM.

Figure 71 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figure 71: Maximum-likelihood (ML) tree inferred from ITS sequences of Alexandrium. ML bootstrap and Bayesian posterior probabilities values are shown at branches. Bold letters indicate newly generated sequences in this study. Bootstrap values <50 and posterior probabilities <0.50 are not shown.

Figure 70 in Diversity and distribution of species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Dinophyta) from the tropical and subtropical Mexican Pacific Ocean

Figure 70: Maximum-likelihood (ML) tree inferred from D1-D2 LSU rDNA sequences of Alexandrium. ML bootstrap and Bayesian posterior probabilities values are shown at branches. Bold letters indicate newly generated sequences in this study. Bootstrap values <50 and posterior probabilities <0.50 are not shown.