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103 results for “teleost fish”
Figure 3 in Postmucilage status of teleost fish assemblages in the Sea of Marmara
Figure 3. Target and bycatch with amounts (kg) and proportions (%).
Figure 1 in Comparative morphology of scales of four teleost fishes from Sudan and Yemen
Figure 1. Areas where scales were removed from left side of fish.
Ecological and behavioural drivers of offspring size in marine teleost fishes
<p>Aim:<strong> </strong>Our aim was to evaluate the role of ecological and life-history factors in shaping global variation in offspring size in a marine clade with a diverse range of parental care behaviours.</p> <p>Location:<strong> </strong>Global.</p> <p>Time period: Data sourced from literature published from 1953 until 2019.</p> <p>Major taxa studied:<strong> </strong>Marine teleost fishes.</p> <p>Methods:<strong> </strong>We compiled a species-level dataset of egg and hatchling size for 1,639 species of marine fish across 45 orders. We used Bayesian phylogenetic mixed models to evaluate the relationship between offspring size and environmental factors (i.e., mean temperature, chlorophyll-<i>a</i> and dissolved oxygen content together with their annual variation), as well as latitude, reproductive strategy, parental body size and fecundity. We also tested long-standing hypotheses about the co-evolution of offspring size and the presence of parental care in BayesTraits.</p> <p>Results: After controlling for parental body size and phylogenetic history, we find that increased egg size is associated with colder and oxygen-rich waters, while hatch size further depends on food supply and the reproductive strategy exhibited by the species. Irrespective of the initial investment in egg size, species with parental care or demersal egg development yield larger hatchlings compared to pelagic spawners. We also demonstrate that hatch size has co-evolved with advanced forms of care in association with parental body but fail to find a relationship with other types of care.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Our study shows that parental care behaviours, together with environmental context, influence the evolution of classic life-history trade-offs on a global scale. While the initial investment in eggs is driven primarily by temperature and oxygen content, hatchling size also reflects the impact of care an offspring has received throughout development. In support of the 'offspring-first' hypothesis, we find that an increase in hatch size drives the evolution of advanced care provision. </p>
Data from: More than meets the eye: predator-induced pupil size plasticity in a teleost fish
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Data from: Convergent mosaic brain evolution is associated with the evolution of novel electrosensory systems in teleost fishes
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Finotypic plasticity: Predator-induced plasticity in fin size, darkness, and display behaviour in a teleost fish
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Ecological and behavioural drivers of offspring size in marine teleost fishes
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Data from: Is repeatability of metabolic rate influenced by social separation? a test with a teleost fish
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Data from: Body shape diversity in Triassic‒Early Cretaceous neopterygian fishes: sustained holostean disparity and predominantly gradual increases in teleost phenotypic variety
Comprising Holostei and Teleostei, the ~32,000 species of neopterygian fishes are anatomically disparate and represent the dominant group of aquatic vertebrates today. However, the pattern by which teleosts rose to represent almost all of this diversity, while their holostean sister group dwindled to 8 extant species and two broad morphologies, is poorly constrained. A geometric morphometric approach was taken to generate a morphospace from over 400 fossil taxa, representing almost all articulated neopterygian taxa known from the first 150 million years—roughly 60%—of history (Triassic‒Early Cretaceous). Patterns of morphospace occupancy and disparity are examined in order to: assess evidence for a phenotypically 'dominant' holostean phase; evaluate whether expansions in teleost phenotypic variety are predominantly abrupt or gradual, including assessment of whether apomorphy-defined teleosts are as morphologically conservative as typically assumed; compare diversification in crown and stem teleosts. The systematic affinities of dapediiforms and pycnodontiforms, two extinct neopterygian clades of uncertain phylogenetic placement, significantly impact patterns of morphological diversification. For instance, alternative placements dictate whether or not holosteans possessed statistically higher disparity than teleosts in the Late Triassic and Jurassic. Despite this ambiguity, all scenarios agree that holosteans do not exhibit a decline in disparity during the Early Triassic‒Early Cretaceous interval, but instead maintain their Toarcian‒Callovian variety until the end of the Early Cretaceous without substantial further expansions. After a conservative Induan‒Carnian phase, teleosts colonize (and persistently occupy) novel regions of morphospace in a predominantly gradual manner until the Hauterivian, after which expansions are rare. Furthermore, apomorphy-defined teleosts possess greater phenotypic variety than typically assumed. Comparison of crown and stem teleost partial disparity indicates that, despite substantial expansion in crown teleosts between the Late Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous, stem teleosts remained important long-term contributors to overall teleost disparity during this time.
Data for: Warming temperatures limit the maximum body length of teleost fishes across a latitudinal gradient in Norwegian waters
<p>As the majority of marine organisms are water-breathing ectotherms, temperature and dissolved oxygen are key environmental variables that influence their fitness and geographic distribution. In line with the gill-oxygen limitation theory (GOLT), the maximum asymptotic body size of water-breathing ectotherms is limited by an insufficient amount of oxygen that is supplied to meet metabolic demand once a threshold of gill surface area to body weight ratio is surpassed. Here we employed generalised additive models (GAMs) to investigate the relative influence of temperature, regional variation in dissolved oxygen, and geographic location (that encompasses multiple latent variables) on the maximum body length of ten teleost fish species, as well to predict their maximum body length, across a large temperature, depth and latitudinal gradient throughout Norwegian waters. As dissolved oxygen levels were near saturation across the study area, we conclude that the predicted maximum lengths of our study species were not limited by oxygen availability. Conversely, the majority of study species display a clear relationship in that their predicted maximum length is either decreasing, asymptotic or parabolic across their observed temperature range. We also observed smaller maximum body lengths for multiple species within the coldest extent of their temperature range, which may be explained by increases in basal metabolism via cold denaturation. Overall, our results suggest that the maximum lengths of our study species are influenced by temperature, thus supporting the tenants of the GOLT.</p>
Data from: Automated integration of trees and traits: a case study using paired fin loss across teleost fishes
Data synthesis required for large-scale macroevolutionary studies is challenging with the current tools available for integration. Using a classic question regarding the frequency of paired fin loss in teleost fishes as a case study, we sought to create automated methods to facilitate the integration of broad-scale trait data with a sizable species-level phylogeny. Similar to the evolutionary pattern previously described for limbs, pelvic and pectoral fin reduction and loss are thought to have occurred independently multiple times in the evolution of fishes. We developed a bioinformatics pipeline to identify the presence and absence of pectoral and pelvic fins of 12,582 species. To do this, we integrated a synthetic morphological supermatrix of phenotypic data for the pectoral and pelvic fins for teleost fishes from the Phenoscape Knowledgebase (two presence/absence characters for 3,047 taxa) with a species-level tree for teleost fishes from the Open Tree of Life project (38,419 species). The integration method detailed herein harnessed a new combined approach by utilizing data based on ontological inference, as well as phylogenetic propagation, to reduce overall data loss. Using inference enabled by ontology-based annotations, missing data were reduced from 98.0% to 85.9%, and further reduced to 34.8% by phylogenetic data propagation. These methods allowed us to extend the data to an additional 11,293 species for a total of 12,582 species with trait data. The pectoral fin appears to have been independently lost in a minimum of 19 lineages and the pelvic fin in 48. Though interpretation is limited by lack of phylogenetic resolution at the species level, it appears that following loss, both pectoral and pelvic fins were regained several (3) to many (14) times respectively. Focused investigation into putative regains of the pectoral fin, all within one clade (Anguilliformes), showed that the pectoral fin was regained at least twice following loss. Overall, this study points to specific teleost clades where strategic phylogenetic resolution and genetic investigation will be necessary to understand the pattern and frequency of pectoral fin reversals.
Fig. 12 in A Review of the Problematic Extinct Teleost Fish Araripichthys, with a Description of a New Species from the Lower Cretaceous of Venezuela
Fig. 12. The position of Araripichthys within two alternative phylogenies of teleost fishes (much simplified); (A) scheme of Patterson and Rosen (1977); (B) scheme of Arratia (1996).
Fig. 11 in A Review of the Problematic Extinct Teleost Fish Araripichthys, with a Description of a New Species from the Lower Cretaceous of Venezuela
Fig. 11. Isolated right epineurals of Araripichthys castilhoi (AMNH 11948). Two epineurals are seen here, one overlying the other, both with branching proximal ends. Most of the other epineurals on this side have been lost, but those of the left side (arrowed) are still in place and can be seen between the neural arches.
Fig. 10. Araripichthys castilhoi, AMNH 13968 in A Review of the Problematic Extinct Teleost Fish Araripichthys, with a Description of a New Species from the Lower Cretaceous of Venezuela
Fig. 10. Araripichthys castilhoi, AMNH 13968, Lower Cretaceous, Santana Formation, Brazil. Stereopair of acidprepared occipital region (oblique posterolateral view, left side). The vertebral column has separated from the exoccipitals, revealing the tripartite occipital condyle involving the exoccipitals above the basioccipital articular surface. The intercalar has broken off in this specimen (it is intact in AMNH 11948; see previous figure). Note also that the supraoccipital does not reach the foramen magnum, which is enclosed by the exoccipitals. No scale; ~×1.8.
Fig. 9. Araripichthys castilhoi, AMNH 11948 in A Review of the Problematic Extinct Teleost Fish Araripichthys, with a Description of a New Species from the Lower Cretaceous of Venezuela
Fig. 9. Araripichthys castilhoi, AMNH 11948, Lower Cretaceous, Santana Formation, Brazil. Stereopair of acidprepared occipital region (lateral view, right side). The first vertebral centrum is fused to basioccipital, but it is separated by a narrow gap from the exoccipitals, and the neural arch contacts the exoccipital above spinal nerve opening. Parts of three epineural bones of the left side are exposed between the anterior neural arches. Note also the presence of a wide unossified space between the supraoccipital and exoccipitals, as well as the round opening between the pterosphenoid and sphenotic connecting the orbit and dilatator fossa (both these features are also evident in fig. 10).
Fig. 6 in A Review of the Problematic Extinct Teleost Fish Araripichthys, with a Description of a New Species from the Lower Cretaceous of Venezuela
Fig. 6. Detail of the head in two acidprepared specimens of Araripichthys castilhoi from the Santana Formation of Brazil showing the welldeveloped premaxillary process and articular condyle on maxilla. (A) AMNH 11943; (B) AMNH 13968 (compare with fig. 3).
Fig. 7 in A Review of the Problematic Extinct Teleost Fish Araripichthys, with a Description of a New Species from the Lower Cretaceous of Venezuela
Fig. 7. (A) Phylogenetic relationships and minimum dates for divergence in Araripichthys; (B) areal relationships based on phylogeny.
Fig. 5 in A Review of the Problematic Extinct Teleost Fish Araripichthys, with a Description of a New Species from the Lower Cretaceous of Venezuela
Fig. 5. Outlines of the head region in (A) Araripichthys axelrodi (as preserved), (B) Araripichthys castilhoi (reconstructed, from Maisey and Blum [1991] but omitting the supratemporal and posttemporal shown in their illustration), and (C) Araripichthys corythophorus from Morocco (as preserved; modified after Cavin). Note presence of more extensive premaxillary process and articular condyle on maxilla in parts B and C.
Fig. 4 in A Review of the Problematic Extinct Teleost Fish Araripichthys, with a Description of a New Species from the Lower Cretaceous of Venezuela
Fig. 4. Example of a complete Araripichthys castilhoi skeleton from the Santana Formation of Brazil, following preparation in acid (AMNH 13968).
Fig. 3 in A Review of the Problematic Extinct Teleost Fish Araripichthys, with a Description of a New Species from the Lower Cretaceous of Venezuela
Fig. 3. Araripichthys axelrodii; the holotype, P907 MBLUZ (detail of head). Note presence of short premaxillary process (pmp) but absence of articular condyle of maxilla.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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