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FIGURE 3 in Fish biodiversity of a tropical estuary under severe anthropic pressure (Doce River, Brazil)

FIGURE 3 | Examples of fishes recorded for the first time in the Doce River estuary. A. Cichlasoma dimerus; B. Pygocentrus nattereri; C. Coptodon rendalli; D. Butis koilomatodon; E. Lutjanus cyanopterus; F. Genidens barbus; G. Pimelodus maculatus; H. Catathyridium garmani. Photos: Helder C. Guabiroba (A, B, C, E, H), Flávio T. Szablak (D, F, G).

FIGURE 1 in Variation in patterns of fish assemblage and their environmental correlates in a tropical river basin from the Gulf of Mexico slope

FIGURE 1 | Study area and sampling sites in the Usumacinta River basin (shaded area in figure box), Mexico. Site number and names of the main rivers in the region are enclosed in boxes (see Tab. 1 for names of watercourses). Black arrow indicates flow direction.

FIGURE 2 in Variation in patterns of fish assemblage and their environmental correlates in a tropical river basin from the Gulf of Mexico slope

FIGURE 2 | Relative contribution of common species to total fish abundance by seasons (left panel) and years (right panel). Species shown had a contribution above the 50% quantile for abundance. Refer to Tab. 1 for species acronyms.

FIGURE 5 in Variation in patterns of fish assemblage and their environmental correlates in a tropical river basin from the Gulf of Mexico slope

FIGURE 5 | Plots for the redundancy analysis of fish communities and environmental data, displaying weighted averages of species scores (A), fitted site scores (B), and species scores of significant species (C). Centroids of factor "ORD" are indicated by a "×". Convex hulls (A, C) and point shape (A, B) show cluster affiliation. DO, dissolved oxygen; DU, distance to the confluence with the Usumacinta River; FC, forest cover; ORD, stream order; TC, water temperature.

FIGURE 4 in Variation in patterns of fish assemblage and their environmental correlates in a tropical river basin from the Gulf of Mexico slope

FIGURE 4 | Multivariate regression tree of transformed species abundances and environmental data. Percentage of improvement in the model is shown under each node; discriminating environmental variables and threshold values are shown at each split. DO, dissolved oxygen; ORD, stream order; n, number of samples.

FIGURE 3 in Variation in patterns of fish assemblage and their environmental correlates in a tropical river basin from the Gulf of Mexico slope

FIGURE 3 | Principal component analysis plot of environmental data. DO, dissolved oxygen; DU, distance to the confluence with the Usumacinta River; EC, electric conductivity; FC, forest cover; ORD, stream order.

Fig. 1 in Influence of a tropical marina on nearshore fish communities during a harmful algal bloom event

Fig. 1. Stylised maps of Singapore and Raffles Marina (inset). Dotted lines indicate areas outside Raffles Marina where fish traps were deployed.

Fig. 3. Average a in Influence of a tropical marina on nearshore fish communities during a harmful algal bloom event

Fig. 3. Average a) Species richness, b) catch abundance, and c) species diversity (Shannon Wiener index) of fish communities within and outside Raffles Marina before and after a harmful algal bloom event in February 2014 (all means ± SE). DJF-13: December 2013– February 2014; MAM-14: March 2014–May 2014; JJA-14: June 2014–August 2014; SON-14: September 2014–November 2014; DJF-14: December 2014–February 2015. Seasons that are not significantly different are denoted by the same letter (lower case – within marina; upper case – outside marina).

Fig. 2 in Influence of a tropical marina on nearshore fish communities during a harmful algal bloom event

Fig. 2. Principal coordinates analysis of fish communities within and outside Raffles Marina before the harmful algal bloom event in February 2014. The two principal coordinates explained 55.1% of total variation. Factors shown within the circle correlate with PCO1 or PCO2 with a factor of at least 0.5.

Fig. 5 in Influence of a tropical marina on nearshore fish communities during a harmful algal bloom event

Fig. 5. Principal coordinates analysis of fish communities outside Raffles Marina before and after a harmful algal bloom event in February 2014. The two principal coordinates explained 43.2% of total variation. Factors shown within the circle correlate with PCO1 or PCO2 with a factor of at least 0.5. (DJF-13: December 2013–February 2014; MAM-14: March 2014–May 2014; JJA-14: June 2014–August 2014; SON-14: September 2014– ovember 2014; DJF-14: December 2014–February 2015).

Fig. 4 in Influence of a tropical marina on nearshore fish communities during a harmful algal bloom event

Fig. 4. Principal coordinates analysis of fish community within Raffles Marina before and after a HAB event in February 2014. The two principal coordinates explained 38.1% of total variation. Factors shown within the circle correlate with PCO1 or PCO2 with a factor of at least 0.5. (DJF-13: December 2013–February 2014; MAM-14: March 2014–May 2014; JJA-14: June 2014–August 2014; SON-14: September 2014–November 2014; DJF-14: December 2014–February 2015).

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Fig. 1 in Trophic interactions among sympatric zooplanktivorous fish species in volume change conditions in a large, shallow, tropical lake

Fig. 1. Lake Chapala, Mexico. Numbers in bold represent the sampling sites, in italics depths contours (m).

Fig. 4 in Fish assemblage in a dammed tropical river: an analysis along the longitudinal and temporal gradients from river to reservoir

Fig. 4. Ordination diagram from Canonical Correspondence Analysis of the abundance of the 14 most numerous species with abiotic variables. Zone codes: 1 = Zone 1; 2 = Zone 2; 3 = Zone 3; and 4 = Zone 4. Species codes: Aspar = Astyanax parahybae; Astbim = Astyanax cf. bimaculatus; Cickel = Cichla kelberi; Geobra = Geophagus brasiliensis; Hopmal = Hoplias malabaricus; Hypaur = Hypostomus auroguttatus; Hoplit = Hoplosternum littorale; Hypaff = Hypostomus affinis; Lepcop = Leporinus copelandii; Lepcon = Leporinus conirostris; Metmac = Metynnis maculatus; Olihep = Oligosarcus hepsetus; Pimmac = Pimelodus maculatus; Plasqu = Plagioscion squamosissimus.

Fig. 3 in Fish assemblage in a dammed tropical river: an analysis along the longitudinal and temporal gradients from river to reservoir

Fig. 3. Spatial variation in species number and biomass by zone (1, 2, 3, 4) in Paraíba do Sul River and Funil Reservoir.

Fig. 1 in Fish assemblage in a dammed tropical river: an analysis along the longitudinal and temporal gradients from river to reservoir

Fig. 1. Paraíba do Sul River - Funil Reservoir system. The four sampled zones are shown (1 = Zone 1; 2 = Zone 2; 3 = Zone 3, and 4 = Zone 4).

Fig. 7. a in Ecomorphological patterns of the fish assemblage in a tropical floodplain: effects of trophic, spatial and phylogenetic structures

Fig. 7. a) Diagram of Canonical Discriminant Analysis for the ecomorphological indices of the fish assemblage grouping in habitat types in the upper Paraná River floodplain (rivers, channels, connected and disconnected lagoons). b) Histograms with the scores of the habitat types for Canonical axis 1.

Fig. 6 in Ecomorphological patterns of the fish assemblage in a tropical floodplain: effects of trophic, spatial and phylogenetic structures

Fig. 6. Diagram of Canonical Discriminant Analysis for the ecomorphological indices of the fish assemblage grouping in trophic guilds in the upper Paraná River floodplain (detritivores, insectivores, piscivores, invertivores, omnivores and herbivores).

Fig. 4 in Ecomorphological patterns of the fish assemblage in a tropical floodplain: effects of trophic, spatial and phylogenetic structures

Fig. 4. Distribution of scores centroids of the 35 species on the first two axes of the Principal Components Analysis (PC 1 and PC 2), applied to the correlation matrix (Pearson) formed by 22 ecomorphological indices. Each polygon defines the morphological space occupied by the species that compose the corresponding trophic guild.

Fig. 5 in Ecomorphological patterns of the fish assemblage in a tropical floodplain: effects of trophic, spatial and phylogenetic structures

Fig. 5. Distribution of scores centroids of the 35 species grouped by habitat type on the first two axes of the Principal Components Analysis (PC 1 and PC 2), applied to the correlation matrix (Pearson) formed by 22 ecomorphological indices. Each polygon defines the morphological space occupied by the species that exploit the corresponding habitat type.

Fig. 3 in Ecomorphological patterns of the fish assemblage in a tropical floodplain: effects of trophic, spatial and phylogenetic structures

Fig. 3. Distribution of scores centroids of the 35 species on the first two axes of the Principal Components Analysis (PC 1 and PC 2), applied to the correlation matrix (Pearson) formed by 22 ecomorphological indices.