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203 results for “water stress”
Climatic history, constraints, and the plasticity of phytochemical traits under water stress
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SGS-LTER Historical LTER Soil water - neutron probe: field data (1983-1992) in ungrazed ESA (Ecosystem Stress Area) on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA, ARS Study Number 10
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Long-term (1985-1992) dynamics and spatial variations in soil water below the evaporative zone were evaluated for a shortgrass steppe with a low and variable precipitation regime. Each of sandy loam, clay loam, and two sandy clay loam sites compromised a toposequence with upland, midslope, and lowland positions. Soil water was monitored at 15cm intervals providing estimates covering 22.5 to 97.5 cm depths. Soil water throughout the profile was highest in the clay loam and lowest in the sandy loam. However, stored soil water did not vary systematically among slope positions. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82912
Identification of candidate SNPs in the encoding region of two sugarcane cultivars as to resistance to water stress
<p>Identification of candidate SNPs in the encoding region of two sugarcane cultivars as to resistance to water stress</p>
Data from: Contrasting species decline but high sensitivity to increasing water stress on a mixed pine-oak ecotone
<p>1. Forest decline under environmental stress is expressed by regeneration failure and accelerated mortality in all ontogenic stages at the population level. Characterizing functional traits and mechanisms that best capture species decline and mortality is essential to assess forest dynamics. 2. We analyzed sensitivity to increasing water stress in two species with different water-use strategies on a mixed Quercus pyrenaica - Pinus sylvestris forest where adult pines express vulnerability to climate change but oaks do not. We compared dynamics of radial growth, wood δ13C and sapwood nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) in response to drought at different time scales in both species and two age-cohorts in pine. 3. Both species were very sensitive to water stress, which influenced trait phenotypic plasticity at short- and long-time scales. Water-use strategy in pines of both ages was more conservative than in the more drought-tolerant oak. Both species showed negative growth trends despite increasing iWUE. Recent growth of pines is slower than it was in the past. Carbon isotope discrimination trends in young pines suggested increasing leaf gas exchange constraints. NSC were far from depletion in both species and all pine ages. Intra- and inter-annual NSC variability was higher in oaks than in pines and in soluble sugars (SS) than in starch. SS were lowest in young pines. Sensitivity of NSC to contrasting climatic years was low in pines, which NSC mostly remained homeostatic. The sensitivity to climate expressed suggests different C-allocation strategies, with less coupling between radial growth and current year photosynthesis in young pines. 4. Synthesis. Pines expressed negative responses to increased water stress regardless of age, showing rising gas-exchange constraints through tighter stomatal control of water losses than oaks. Young pines showed similar functional responses to water stress than old pines in decline, which suggests species-level vulnerability and could be regarded as early-warning signals anticipating mortality in pines. Yet, given the high sensitivity to drought also expressed by the non-declining oak, it would have been difficult to unequivocally disentangle species decline based only on the traits analysed.</p>
Phylogenetic restriction of plant invasion in drought-stressed environments: implications for insect-pollinated plant communities in water-limited ecosystems
<p><span><strong>Background</strong>: Plant-pollinator community diversity has been found to decrease under conditions of drought stress, however research into the temporal dimensions of this phenomenon remains limited. In this study, we investigated the effect of seasonal drought on the temporal niche dynamics of entomophilous flowering plants in a water-limited ecosystem. We hypothesized that closely related native and exotic plants would tend to share similar life history, and that peak flowering events would therefore coincide with phylogenetic clustering in plant communities based on expected phenological responses of plant functional types to limitations in soil moisture availability.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Location</strong>:<b> </b>Galiano Island, British Columbia, Canada</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods</strong>:<b> </b>Combining methods from pollinator research and phylogenetic community ecology, we tested the influence of environmental filtering over plant community phenology across gradients of landscape disturbance and soil moisture. Floral resource availability and community structure were quantified by counts of flowering shoots. We constructed a robust phylogeny to analyze spatial and temporal variation in phylogenetic patterns across the landscape, testing the significance of the observed patterns against a randomly generated community phylogeny. Phylogenetic metrics were then regressed against factors of disturbance and soil moisture availability. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>:<b> </b>Critical seasonal fluctuations in floral resources coincided with significant phylogenetic clustering in plant communities, with decreasing plant diversity observed under conditions of increasing drought stress. Exotic plant species in the Asteraceae became increasingly pervasive across the landscape, occupying a late season temporal niche in drought-stressed environments.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Main conclusion</strong>:<b> </b>Results suggest that environmental filtering is the dominant assembly process structuring the temporal niche of plant communities in this water-limited ecosystem. Based on these results, and trends seen elsewhere, the overall diversity of plant-pollinator communities may be expected to decline with the increasing drought stress predicted under future climate scenarios.</span></p>
Sliding velocity, water discharge and basal shear stress time series at Argentière Glacier
<p>The data set contains all data presented in:</p> <p>Gimbert, F., Gilbert, A., Gagliardini, O., Vincent, C., & Moreau, L. (2021). Do Existing Theories Explain Seasonal to Multi-Decadal Changes in Glacier Basal Sliding Speed? <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>, <em>48</em>(15), e2021GL092858. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092858">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092858</a></p> <p>and also in:</p> <p>Gilbert, A., Gimbert, F., Thøgersen, K., Schuler, T. V., & Kääb, A. (2022). A Consistent Framework for Coupling Basal Friction with Subglacial Hydrology on Hard-bedded Glaciers. <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>, <em>49</em>, e2021GL097507. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL097507">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL097507</a></p> <p>Files Description:</p> <p>==================================<br> SlidingVelocities1989_2019.csv :<br> ==================================</p> <p>Contains daily values of recorded sliding velocities at the wheel.</p> <p>Column 1 = Date<br> Column 2 = Daily Values (cm/day)</p> <p>================================<br> BasalShearStress1980_2019.csv :<br> ================================</p> <p>Contains daily values of inferred basal shear stress at the wheel.</p> <p>Column 1 = Date<br> Column 2 = Daily Values (MPa)</p> <p>================================<br> WaterDischarge1985_2019.csv :<br> ================================</p> <p>Contains daily values of recorded water discharge at the glacier outlet</p> <p>Column 1 = Date<br> Column 2 = Daily Values (m3/s)</p>
Overyielding in young tree communities does not support the stress-gradient hypothesis and is favoured by functional diversity and higher water availability
<p class="CxSpFirst"><strong>Summary:</strong></p> <ol> <li class="CxSpMiddle">Biodiversity effects on productivity and other ecosystem functions are strongly dependent on climate and resource availability. Based on the stress-gradient hypothesis, under conditions of greater abiotic stress, diversity effects on plant performance are intensified due to the increased relative importance of positive plant interactions. However, whether this hypothesis is consistently applicable in forest systems remains unclear. A field trial was established to test the stress-gradient hypothesis and examine diversity effects on aboveground biomass production of young trees in mixtures exposed to different water availability.</li> <li class="CxSpMiddle">Six native tree species of northern temperate forests (<i>Acer saccharum</i>,<i> Betula papyrifera</i>,<i> Larix laricina</i>,<i> Picea glauca, Pinus strobus</i>,<i> and Quercus rubra</i>) were planted as monocultures and as mixtures of two, four, and six species. For five growing seasons, four replicates of each community were exposed to conditions of either low- or high-water availability created by rainfall exclusion and weekly irrigation, respectively. Growth-years 4 and 5 were significantly different when the climatic water balance of the growing seasons were compared. We tested the effects of functional diversity on: (1) total growth of mixtures under low- and high-water availability, and (2) annual growth in years 4 (higher water availability, 2017) and 5 (lower water availability, 2018).</li> <li class="CxSpMiddle">Annual growth of most species in both years was greater under high- vs. low-water availability. Functional diversity had a significant positive effect on total biomass production and annual growth, and this effect was more strongly expressed under high-water availability. Functional diversity effects on annual growth did not differ between years 4 and 5 regardless of their climatic water balance. Functional and species identity were key to understanding productivity responses to mixture and treatment effects.</li> <li class="CxSpMiddle"> <i>Synthesis</i>: Contrary to the stress-gradient hypothesis, the positive effects of functional diversity on productivity were enhanced by high-water availability and were independent of seasonal water balance.</li> </ol>
The effects of water-stress, temperature, and plant traits on the outbreak potential of a specialist and generalist spider mite species (Acari: Tetranychidae)
<p>The host-generalist two-spotted spider mite [<em>Tetranychus</em> <em>urticae</em> (Acari: Tetranychidae); TSM] and host-specialist Banks grass mite [<em>Oligonychus</em> <em>pratensis</em> (Acari: Tetranychidae); BGM] are common pests of corn (<em>Zea</em> <em>mays</em> L.) in the arid western United States. Climate warming and decreased precipitation may promote conditions favored by these spider mites. However, rapid evolution of spider mite resistance to commercially available acaricides is driving the need for alternative solutions for managing outbreaks. Planting of drought-tolerant corn hybrids has been proposed to be a dual-purpose strategy for mitigating water deficits for irrigation and reducing leaf conditions favorable for BGM outbreaks. However, understanding of the mechanisms responsible for reducing the BGM in the field is lacking, and determining whether outbreaks of the TSM can also be averted using drought-tolerant corn is a pressing concern. We conducted a two-year field study testing a drought-tolerant corn hybrid and an analogous drought-susceptible hybrid under water-stress with artificially-infested spider mite populations. Drought-tolerant corn had larger stem diameter, more massive cobs, and greater leaf water mass compared to the drought-susceptible corn under water stress. We also found that the BGM populations were reduced on drought-tolerant plants under water-stress, as expected, but we found an opposite trend in the TSM. Lastly, water-stressed leaves were warmer, transpired less, and had higher carbon concentration, which contributed to larger investment in eggs and growth in the BGM. We anticipate that further evaluation of irrigation and crop drought-tolerance in management of agriculture systems for multiple pest species will be increasingly impactful in arid regions.</p>
Data repository for "Climate change increases the severity and duration of soil water stress in the temperate forest of eastern North America"
<p>Dataset provided for publication in Frontiers in Forests and Global Change : "Climate change increases the severity and duration of soil water stress in the temperate forest of eastern North America".</p>
AWASH Water Stress Metrics
<p>This data repository contains county-level water stress results from the analysis performed in "The importance of infrastructure and national demand to represent constraints on water supply in the United States".</p> <p>The largemaps.pdf file contains the figures from the paper in a larger format.</p> <p>summary.csv shows for each county the median water stress (across years) as well as the range of water stress, for each of the four scenarios (local runoff, river network only, with canals, and with canals and reservoirs).</p> <p>results.zip provides the raw results. The zipped file contains a folder 'results', which includes the spatiotemporal optimization outcomes either for surface water demands or total demands (`-alldemand` files). The `byfips-...` files then show metrics for the excess stress from all demands across counties, and the `fipstime-...` files show these excess stress results across counties and months.</p>
Failure and deformation characteristics of shale under true triaxial stress loading and unloading under water retention and seepage
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>A multifunctional true triaxial fluid-structure coupling system was used to conduct water retention and seepage tests of shale under true triaxial loading and unloading stress paths. The stress-strain evolution law of shale specimens under different experimental conditions was obtained, and the corresponding deformation and strength law was analyzed. The evolution law and failure characteristics of cracks in shale were obtained by CT scanning images before and after the experiment. The results show that under the condition of water retention, the volumetric strain of shale specimen increases first, then decreases and finally continues to increase with the increase of deviational stress, indicating that the volumetric change has experienced a process of compaction-expansion-compacting. The partial stress-maximum horizontal strain curve of the sample increases first and then decreases, while the deformation of the sample in the direction of intermediate principal stress shows the characteristics of repeated compression and expansion. In the seepage test, the permeability - maximum horizontal strain curve can be divided into two parts before and after fracture according to the deviant stress - maximum horizontal strain curve. Before fracture, the compression velocity of the specimen in the loading direction exceeds the expansion velocity <span>in the unloading direction, resulting in a decrease in volume and a decrease in permeability. With the increase of deviatoric stress, cracks occur inside the particles and continue to spread from the tip until the cracks break through the shale specimen. In this process, the pore fissure area increases and the permeability of the sample increases rapidly. In terms of fractur</span>e evolution, for the water-retaining test, dense tensile and shear cracks appear on the failure plane perpendicular to the direction of maximum and minimum principal stress, and complex shear fracture network appears on the failure plane perpendicular to the direction of intermediate principal stress. For the seepage test, heavy shear failure occurs throughout the original fracture of the sample. With the increase of the penetration depth, the crack shape on the failure surface perpendicular to the direction of intermediate principal stress gradually changes from single type to complex type.</span></p>
Data for: Temperate and tropical lizards are vulnerable to climate warming due to increased water loss and heat stress
<p><span>Climate warming has imposed profound impacts on species globally. Understanding the vulnerabilities of species from different latitudinal regions to warming climates is critical for biological conservation. </span><span>Using five species of <em>Takydromus </em>lizards as a study system, we quantified physiological and life-history responses and geography range change across latitudes under climate warming. Using integrated biophysical models and hybrid species distribution models, w</span><span>e found: (1) thermal safety margin is larger at high latitudes, and is predicted to decrease under climate warming for lizards at all latitudes; (2) climate warming will speed up embryonic development and increase annual activity time of adult lizards, but will exacerbate water loss of adults across all latitudes; and (3) species across latitudes are predicted to experience habitat contraction under climate warming due to different limitations: tropical and subtropical species are vulnerable due to increased extremely high temperatures, whereas temperate species are vulnerable due to both extremely high temperatures and increased water loss. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the vulnerability of species from different latitudinal regions to climate warming in ectotherms and also highlights the importance of integrating environmental factors, behavior, physiology, and life-history responses in predicting the risk of species to climate warming.</span></p>
Poroelastic response of water level in Tengchong well aquifer to dynamic stress
<p>Data used in manuscript named "Poroelastic response of water level in Tengchong well aquifer to dynamic stress"</p>
Shadow Spaces for Water Stress Adaptation: Supplemental Irrigation Application in Rainfed Fig Production
<p>Data Sources is a SPSS file. Common descriptive statistics and inferential statistics are used.</p>
Synergistic effect of salicylic acid and biochar on biochemical properties, yield and nutrient uptake of triticale under water stress
<p><span>The reduction of soil fertility and water sources in arid regions treats crop production. One of the practical solutions to overcome these problems is application of salicylic acid (SA) with biochar.</span><span> A pot experiment was conducted to consider the combination</span><span> of </span><span>SA with biochar</span><span> on biochemical and physiological parameters of triticale</span><span>.</span><span> Treatments consisted of irrigation regime (normal irrigation and irrigation according to 50% field capacity), salicylic acid application [without SA (SA0) and 3mM SA (SA3)] and fertilizer type including without fertilizer (control), application of 50 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> phosphorus (P), and application of wheat biochar (WB), cotton biochar (CB) and sesame biochar (SB) (2% w/w).</span><span> Under water stress, CB at SA0 and SA3 could improve the total chlorophyll by 119.4 and 70.6%, compare to control respectively.<span> Also, carotenoid content in SA3 treatments increased in the range of 75.8 to 34.6% compared to SA0</span>. </span><span>CB at SA3, created the highest catalase activity (11.4% increase) compared to SB.</span><span> At SA3, the highest RWC was observed in WB and CB by 26.7 and 18.1% increases compared to SA0, respectively. </span><span>At SA3, CB could enhance grain yield by 24.8% under water stress. </span><span>Under water stress, at SA3, remobilization efficiency from 63.2% in control was enhanced to 69.2, 74.3 and 68.1% in WB, CB and SB, respectively. CB and WB had better chemical properties in terms of EC, N, P, K and micronutrients compared to SB. These properties of BC and WB enhanced their ability to increase the nutrient availability, biochemical properties and consequently the grain yield enhancement, especially when applied with SA3.</span></p>
MADFORWATER: WP3: Adaptation of technologies for efficient water management and treated wastewater reuse in agriculture: Task3.1: Reduction of crop water requirement and tools for irrigation management with treated WW: Subtask 3.1.1: Plant Growth Promotion (PGP) bacteria to enhance crop resistance to water stress and salinity: Subset2
<p>This dataset contains the data underlying the following publication: Hassen W, Neifar M, Cherif H, Najjari A, Chouchane H, Driouich RC, Salah A, Naili F, Mosbah A, Souissi Y, Raddadi N, Ouzari HI, Fava F and Cherif A (2018) Pseudomonas rhizophila S211, a New Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium with Potential in Pesticide-Bioremediation. Front. Microbiol. 9:34. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00034</p>
Data from: Hyperspectral imaging reveals differential carotenoid and chlorophyll temporal dynamics and spatial patterns in Scots pine under water stress
<p>Data and codes associated with the manuscript '<span>Hyperspectral imaging reveals differential carotenoid and chlorophyll temporal dynamics and spatial patterns in Scots pine under water stress</span>'. </p>
On farm field experiments testing TOMRES rootstocks under water stress
<p>This experiment aims to test EDYPRO biostimulants on farm applicatioin. The commercial variety Elpida F1 was either treated with biostimulants or not and cultivated under 2 water/nutritional regimens (standard water/nutrient supply vs 20% irrigation reduction/no nutrient supply).</p>
On farm field experiments testing TOMRES rootstocks under water stress (Season 2019-2020)
<p>This experiment aims to test EDYPRO biostimulants on farm application. The commercial variety Elpida F1 was either treated with biostimulants or not and cultivated under 2 water/nutritional regimens (standard water/nutrient supply vs 20% irrigation reduction/no nutrient supply).</p>
On farm field experiments testing TOMRES rootstocks under water stress
<p>This experiment aims to test two of the most performing Tomres used as rootstocks in the commercial variety (Elpida F1) cultivated in the region. More specifically, 2 tomato Tomres lines (TOMRES- 149, Bil-6191 and TOMRES 162, M82) x 2 water/nutritional regimens (standard water/nutrient supply vs 20% irrigation reduction/no nutrient supply). Greenhouse will also have non grafted plants on Armstrong rootstock cultivated under standard water/nutrient supply and 20% irrigation reduction/no nutrient supply</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.