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87 results for “wild animals”
Data from: Unexpected positive and negative effects of continuing inbreeding in one of the world’s most inbred wild animals
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Data from: The role of social and ecological processes in structuring animal populations: a case study from automated tracking of wild birds
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Methodological confounds of measuring urinary oxidative stress in wild animals
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Data from: Survival and reproductive costs of repeated acute glucocorticoid elevations in a captive, wild animal
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Decoupling the effects of food and density on life history plasticity of wild animals using field experiments: Insights from the steward who sits in the shadow of its tail, the North American red squirrel
<p>Long-term studies of wild animals provide the opportunity to investigate how phenotypic plasticity is used to cope with environmental fluctuations, and how the relationships between phenotypes and fitness can be dependent upon the ecological context.</p> <p>Most previous studies have only investigated life history plasticity in response to changes in temperature, yet wild animals often experience multiple environmental fluctuations simultaneously. This requires field experiments to decouple which ecological factor induces plasticity in fitness-relevant traits to better understand their population-level responses to those environmental fluctuations.</p> <p>For the past 32 years, we have conducted a long-term integrative study of individually marked North American red squirrels (<i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus </i>Erxleben) in the Yukon, Canada. We have used multi-year field experiments to examine the physiological and life history responses of individual red squirrels to fluctuations in food abundance and conspecific density.</p> <p>Our long-term observational study and field experiments show that squirrels can anticipate increases in food availability and density, thereby decoupling the usual pattern where animals respond to, rather than anticipate, an ecological change.</p> <p>As in many other study systems, ecological factors that can induce plasticity (such as food and density) co-vary. However, our field experiments that manipulate food availability and social cues of density (frequency of territorial vocalizations) indicate that increases in social (acoustic) cues of density in the absence of additional food can induce similar life history plasticity, as does experimental food supplementation.</p> <p>Changes in the levels of metabolic hormones (glucocorticoids) in response to variation in food and density are one mechanism that seems to induce this adaptive life history plasticity. </p> <p>Although we have not yet investigated the energetic response of squirrels to elevated density or its association with life history plasticity, energetics research in red squirrels has overturned several standard pillars of knowledge in physiological ecology.</p> <p>We show how a tractable model species combined with integrative studies can reveal how animals cope with resource fluctuations through life history plasticity.</p>
Data from: An active-radio-frequency-identification system capable of identifying co-locations and social-structure: validation with a wild free-ranging animal
Behavioural events that are important for understanding sociobiology and movement ecology are often rare, transient and localised, but can occur at spatially distant sites e.g. territorial incursions and co-locating individuals. Existing animal tracking technologies, capable of detecting such events, are limited by one or more of: battery life; data resolution; location accuracy; data security; ability to co-locate individuals both spatially and temporally. Technology that at least partly resolves these limitations would be advantageous. European badgers (Meles meles L.), present a challenging test-bed, with extra-group paternity (apparent from genotyping) contradicting established views on rigid group territoriality with little social-group mixing. In a proof of concept study we assess the utility of a fully automated active-radio-frequency-identification (aRFID) system combining badger-borne aRFID-tags with static, wirelessly-networked, aRFID-detector base-stations to record badger co-locations at setts (burrows) and near notional border latrines. We summarise the time badgers spent co-locating within and between social-groups, applying network analysis to provide evidence of co-location based community structure, at both these scales. The aRFID system co-located animals within 31.5 m (adjustable) of base-stations. Efficient radio transmission between aRFIDs and base-stations enables a 20 g tag to last for 2–5 years (depending on transmission interval). Data security was high (data stored off tag), with remote access capability. Badgers spent most co-location time with members of their own social-groups at setts; remaining co-location time was divided evenly between intra- and inter-social-group co-locations near latrines and inter-social-group co-locations at setts. Network analysis showed that 20–100% of tracked badgers engaged in inter-social-group mixing per week, with evidence of trans-border super-groups, that is, badgers frequently transgressed notional territorial borders. aRFID occupies a distinct niche amongst established tracking technologies. We validated the utility of aRFID to identify co-locations, social-structure and inter-group mixing within a wild badger population, leading us to refute the conventional view that badgers (social-groups) are territorial and to question management strategies, for controlling bovine TB, based on this model. Ultimately aRFID proved a versatile system capable of identifying social-structure at the landscape scale, operating for years and suitable for use with a range of species.
Data from: Combining animal personalities with transcriptomics resolves individual variation within a wild-type zebrafish population and identifies underpinning molecular differences in brain function
Resolving phenotype variation within a population in response to environmental perturbation is central to understanding biological adaptation. Relating meaningful adaptive changes at the level of the transcriptome requires the identification of processes that have a functional significance for the individual. This remains a major objective towards understanding the complex interactions between environmental demand and an individual's capacity to respond to such demands. The interpretation of such interactions and the significance of biological variation between individuals from the same or different populations remain a difficult and under-addressed question. Here, we provide evidence that variation in gene expression between individuals in a zebrafish population can be partially resolved by a priori screening for animal personality and accounts for >9% of observed variation in the brain transcriptome. Proactive and reactive individuals within a wild-type population exhibit consistent behavioural responses over time and context that relates to underlying differences in regulated gene networks and predicted protein–protein interactions. These differences can be mapped to distinct regions of the brain and provide a foundation towards understanding the coordination of underpinning adaptive molecular events within populations.
Data from: Interpreting ELISA analyses from wild animal samples: some recurrent issues and solutions
1. Many studies in disease and immunological ecology rely on the use of assays that quantify the amount of specific antibodies (immunoglobulin) in samples. Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assays (ELISAs) are increasingly used in ecology due to their availability for a broad array of antigens and the limited amount of sampling material they require. Two recurrent methodological issues are nevertheless faced by researchers: (i) the limited availability of immunological assays and reagents developed for non-model species, and (ii) the statistical determination of the cut-off threshold used to distinguish individual samples that are likely to have or not to have antibodies against a specific antigen. 2. Here, we outline two solutions to deal with these issues. First, we show that implementing two assays with differing detection methods can help validate the use of reagents, such as antibodies, in species different from their intended target. We illustrate this by comparing the quantification of specific vaccinal antibodies against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) using two ELISA approaches in four seabird species (Cory's shearwater, European shag, European storm petrel, and Southern rockhopper penguin). 3. Second, we provide a simple way to determine from the distribution of ELISA values whether the assayed samples are likely to be made of a single group of individuals (likely negative) or of two groups of individuals (negative and positive). We illustrate the use of this approach with two independent datasets: NDV antibody levels following vaccination and anti-Borrelia antibody levels following natural exposure. 4. The practical implementation of these methodological approaches could provide a way to efficiently apply ELISAs and other immune-based assays to address questions in the growing fields of ecological immunology and disease ecology.
Diversity and functional landscapes in the microbiota of animals in the wild
<p>Download and usage are allowed only for academic and non-commercial purpose. To use the files, please fill-in the details in the LICENSE file inside the record and send a signed copy to contact@wildbio.tech</p> <p>The record contains raw sequencing data of 406 samples collected, as described in the manuscript.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: D'Cruze N, Assou D, Coulthard E, Norrey J, Megson D, Macdonald DW, Harrington LA, Ronfot D, Segniagbeto GH, Auliya M (2020) Snake oil and pangolin scales: insights into wild animal use at "Marché des Fétiches" traditional medicine market, Togo. Nature Conservation 39: 45-71. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.39.47879
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Data from: Interpreting ELISA analyses from wild animal samples: some recurrent issues and solutions
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Combining animal personalities with transcriptomics resolves individual variation within a wild-type zebrafish population and identifies underpinning molecular differences in brain function
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Data from: Quantifying realized inbreeding in wild and captive animal populations
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Data from: Animal personality in a foundation species drives community divergence and collapse in the wild
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Data from: An active-radio-frequency-identification system capable of identifying co-locations and social-structure: validation with a wild free-ranging animal
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Decoupling the effects of food and density on life history plasticity of wild animals using field experiments: Insights from the steward who sits in the shadow of its tail, the North American red squirrel
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
CITCO is a non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogen in humanised constitutive androstane receptor mice but not in wild-type animals
GEO Series GSE279414. Mus musculus. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Genome-wide analysis of chronic inflammation induced gene expression in livers isolated from either wild type or ApoE-Cyp7a1 transgenic animals.
GEO Series GSE75477. Mus musculus. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Polysome profiling of wild-type and gld-1 mutant animals
GEO Series GSE33083. Caenorhabditis elegans. 16 samples. Type: Expression profiling by genome tiling array.
Gene expression profile of alg-3(tm1155);alg-4(ok1041) animals compared to wild type
GEO Series GSE18719. Caenorhabditis elegans. 2 samples. Type: Expression profiling by genome tiling array.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.