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227 results for “wild bees”
Linked collectors and determiners for: Wild Bee Specimens from Blueberry and Raspberry Farms in the Champlain Valley, Vermont, USA.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Wild Bee Specimens from Blueberry and Raspberry Farms in the Champlain Valley, Vermont, USA". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/26c7440a-f4e4-4564-9901-9aac6e116536">https://bionomia.net/dataset/26c7440a-f4e4-4564-9901-9aac6e116536</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/26c7440a-f4e4-4564-9901-9aac6e116536">https://gbif.org/dataset/26c7440a-f4e4-4564-9901-9aac6e116536</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Wild bees of Chile - The PUCV collection.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Wild bees of Chile - The PUCV collection". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/3bccb697-4ccc-4d46-848a-79cb06946e5c">https://bionomia.net/dataset/3bccb697-4ccc-4d46-848a-79cb06946e5c</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/3bccb697-4ccc-4d46-848a-79cb06946e5c">https://gbif.org/dataset/3bccb697-4ccc-4d46-848a-79cb06946e5c</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Fig. 2a-f in Wild bees (Anthophila) of Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago) and their habitats: species diversity, distribution patterns and bee-plant network *
Fig. 2a-f: a) Andrena dourada, female; b) Andrena portosanctana, female collecting pollen on Cakile maritima; c) Lasioglossum wollastoni, female in front of nesting site; d) Osmia latreillei iberoafricana, male visiting Cakile maritima; e) Amegilla quadrifasciata maderae, female collecting pollen on Echium portosanctensis, f) Bombus terrestris lusitanicus, worker, collecting pollen on Echium portosanctensis. Photos: A. Kratochwil (a, b, e), A. Schwabe (c, d, f).
Fig. 1 in Wild bees (Anthophila) of Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago) and their habitats: species diversity, distribution patterns and bee-plant network *
Fig. 1: Aspects from some of our sampling sites and their surroundings in March after an extreme dry winter and a wet winter: Left: March 2012 (November 2011–March 2012, no precipitation); right: March 2017 (October 2016–March 2017, 301 mm precipitation); a, b: sand beach with Vila Baleira in the centre; c, d: Pico Juliana and mainly fallow land; e, f: southern-exposed extensively grazed dry grassland; view from Capela da Graça (in the background right: Pico do Facho with Pinus plantations). Photos: A. Schwabe.
Signatures of adaptive decreased virulence of deformed wing virus in an isolated population of wild honey bees (Apis mellifera)
<p>Understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes that drive host-pathogen interactions is critical for combating epidemics and conserving species. The <em>Varroa</em> <em>destructor</em> mite and deformed wing virus (DWV) are two synergistic threats to Western honey bee (<em>Apis</em> <em>mellifera</em>) populations across the globe. Distinct honey bee populations have been found to self-sustain despite <em>Varroa</em> infestations, including colonies within the Arnot Forest outside Ithaca, NY, USA. We hypothesized that in these bee populations, DWV has been selected to produce an avirulent infection phenotype, allowing for the persistence of both host and disease-causing agents. To investigate this, we assessed the titer of viruses in bees from the Arnot Forest and managed apiaries, and assessed genomic variation and virulence differences between DWV isolates. Across groups, we found viral abundance was similar, but DWV genotypes were distinct. We also found that infections with isolates from the Arnot Forest resulted in higher survival and lower rates of symptomatic deformed wings, compared to analogous isolates from managed colonies, providing preliminary evidence to support the hypothesis of adaptive decreased viral virulence. Overall, this multi-level investigation of virus genotype and phenotype across different contexts reveals critical insight into global bee health and the ecological and evolutionary processes driving host-pathogen interactions.</p>
Data from: Isolating the effects of floral temperature on visitation and behavior of wild bee and fly pollinators
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Code for: A century of wild bee sampling: historical data and neural network analysis reveal ecological traits associated with species loss
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Signatures of adaptive decreased virulence of deformed wing virus in an isolated population of wild honey bees (Apis mellifera)
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Data from: The importance of biotic interactions in distribution models of wild bees depends on the type of ecological relations, spatial scale and range
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Code: A model of wild bee populations accounting for spatial heterogeneity and climate induced temporal variability of food resources at the landscape level
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The distribution of wild bee species along a Latitudinal gradient in northern Europe depends on their flower preferences
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Experimental infection of bumble bees with honey bee associated viruses: no direct fitness costs but potential future threats to novel wild bee hosts
<p>Pathogen spill-over represents an important cause of biodiversity decline. For wild bee species such as bumble bees, many of which are in decline, correlational data point toward viral spill-over from naged honey bees as a potential cause. Yet impacts of honey bee viruses on wild bees are rarely evaluated. Here, in a series of highly controlled laboratory infection assays with well characterised viral inocula, we show that three viral types isolated from honey bees (<i>Deformed wing virus</i> genotype A, <i>Deformed wing virus</i> genotype B and <i>Black queen cell virus</i>) readily replicate within hosts of the bumble bee <i>Bombus terrestris</i>. Impacts of these honey bee-derived viruses – either injected or fed – on the mortality of <i>B. terrestris </i>workers were, however, negligible and likely dependent on host condition. Our results highlight the potential threat of viral spill-over from honey bees to novel wild bee species, though they also underscore the importance of additional studies on this and other non- bee species under field-realistic conditions to evaluate whether pathogen spill-over has a negative impact on wild bee individuals and population fitness.</p>
Data from: Multi-scalar drivers of biodiversity: local management mediates wild bee community response to regional urbanization
It is critical to understand the specific drivers of biodiversity across multiple spatial scales, especially within rapidly urbanizing areas, given the distinct management recommendations that may result at each scale. However, drivers of biodiversity patterns and interactions between drivers are often only measured and modeled at a single scale. In this study, we assessed bee community composition at three time periods in 20 grassland and 20 agriculture sites located across two major metroplexes. We examined how local environmental variables and surrounding landscape composition impact bee abundance, richness, and evenness, including comparisons between groups with different nesting strategies and body sizes. We collected nearly 13,000 specimens and identified 172 species. We found that levels of regional land-use differentially impacted bee abundance and diversity depending on local habitat management. Specifically, within agriculture sites, bee richness was greater with increasing landscape-level semi-natural habitat, while in grassland sites, bee richness was similar across landscapes regardless of semi-natural habitat cover. Bee evenness at both site types declined with increasing landscape-level habitat heterogeneity, due to an increase of rare species at the grassland sites, but not in the agricultural sites; further indicating that diversity is driven by the interaction of local habitat quality and landscape-level habitat composition. We additionally found that agriculture sites supported higher abundances, but not richness, of small-bodied and below-ground nesting bees, while grassland sites supported higher abundances of above-ground nesting bees, and higher richness of large-bodied species. Increased levels of local bare ground were significantly related to multiple metrics of bee diversity, including greater below-ground nesting bee abundance and richness. Local floral richness was also significantly related to increases of overall bee abundance, as well as the abundance and richness of small bees. Overall, we suggest that local land managers can support bee abundance and diversity by conserving areas of bare soil and promoting native floral diversity, the latter especially critical in highly urban agricultural spaces. Our results provide the first documentation of significant interactions between local habitat management and landscape composition impacting insect communities in urban systems, indicating that bee conservation practices depend critically on land-use interactions across multiple spatial scales.
Functional groups of wild bees respond differently to faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivation at landscape scale
<p><span><b>1.</b> Concerns about insect declines are growing and the provisioning of ecosystem services like pollination may be threatened. To safeguard biodiversity, greening measures were introduced within the reform of the EU's Common Agricultural Policy. One measure commonly applied by farmers is the cultivation of nitrogen fixing crops. Although underlying studies are largely missing, this measure is criticized as providing no significant biodiversity benefit.<b> </b></span></p> <p><span><b>2.</b> Using a landscape-scale approach, we selected 30 paired study landscapes (1km x 1km) in Germany, i.e. 15 study landscapes with faba bean (FB) fields (<i>Vicia faba</i> L.) and 15 without any grain legumes. Flower-visiting wild bees were recorded with transect walks at the field margins of different crops using a stratified sampling approach. We analyzed the effect of FB cultivation and landscape composition on the abundance and species richness of wild bees as well as on the functional composition of the bee communities. </span></p> <p><span><b>3.</b> Bumblebee densities (<i>Bombus</i> spp. Latreille) were more than twice as high in FB compared to control landscapes after the flowering of the beans. Non-<i>Bombus</i> wild bee densities, however, were not affected by FB cultivation, but were enhanced by increasing amounts of semi-natural habitats (SNH). </span></p> <p><span><b>4.</b> After the beans` blooming had ceased, FB landscapes had a higher proportion of wild bees collecting pollen from Fabaceae than control landscapes. The community weighted means for bee size, measured as intertegular distance, were not affected by FB cultivation, but we found smaller species and species with shorter tongues with an increasing percentage of SNH. </span></p> <p><span><b>5.</b> <i>Synthesis and applications</i>. The cultivation of faba bean (<i>V. faba </i>L.<i>)</i> strongly increased bumblebee densities throughout the season. This indicates that also on-field greening measures can support biodiversity. Nevertheless, since only functional groups adapted to faba bean benefit, measures to promote semi-natural habitats in agricultural landscapes need to be implemented. We conclude that the combination of on- and off-field measures is essential to maintain farmland biodiversity and the Common Agricultural Policy should furthermore promote both.</span></p>
Data from: Wild bees as winners and losers: relative impacts of landscape composition, quality, and climate
<p>Wild bees, like many other taxa, are threatened by land use and climate change, which in turn jeopardizes pollination of crops and wild plants. Understanding how land-use and climate factors interact is critical to predicting and managing pollinator populations and ensuring adequate pollination services, but most studies have evaluated either land-use or climate effects, not both. Further, bee species are incredibly variable, spanning an array of behavioral, physiological and life history traits that can increase or decrease resilience to land use or climate change. Thus, there are likely bee species that benefit, while others suffer, from changing climate and land use, but few studies have documented taxon-specific trends. To address these critical knowledge gaps, we analyzed a long-term dataset of wild bee occurrences from Maryland, Delaware, and Washington DC, USA, examining how different bee genera and functional groups respond to landscape composition, quality, and climate factors.</p> <p>Despite a large body of literature documenting land-use effects on wild bees, in this study, climate factors emerged as the main drivers of wild-bee abundance and richness. For wild-bee communities in spring and summer/fall, temperature and precipitation were more important predictors than landscape composition, landscape quality, or topography. However, relationships varied substantially between wild-bee genera and functional groups.</p> <p>In the Northeast USA, past trends and future predictions show a changing climate with warmer winters, more intense precipitation in winter and spring, and longer growing seasons with higher maximum temperatures. In almost all of our analyses, these conditions were associated with lower abundance of wild bees. Wild-bee richness results were more mixed, including neutral and positive relationships with predicted temperature and precipitation patterns. Thus, in this region and undoubtedly more broadly, changing climate poses a significant threat to wild-bee communities.</p>
Red and white clover provide food resources for honeybees and wild bees in urban environments
<p>Pollination is a key ecological process both in wild plant species and in economically important crops. Global land use change and urbanization are known to alter plant-pollinator interactions, but our understanding of how the local (i.e. size of green area, food resource availability) and landscape (surrounding green area) context affect pollinators in urban landscapes remains understudied. We selected two co-occurring clover species, Trifolium pratense and T. repens. to assess whether mixed stands of common wildflowers provide resources for a diverse pollinator assemblage by supporting differently adapted/specialized pollinator species. We further wanted to test how environmental factors (flower diversity, resource availability, size and percentage of green area) alter plant-pollinator interactions in urban environments. We studied the pollinator assemblage and visitation rate of pollinators in 1 m² plots in 21 green areas of different sizes in the city of Vienna (Austria). In addition, we assessed the surrounding landscape context by estimating the percentage of green area in perimeters of 100 m, 500 m and 1000 m around each study plot and measured local flower resource availability. We found that proportions of pollinator taxa differed significantly between white and red clover, with T. repens mainly pollinated by Apis mellifera, and T. pratense primarily pollinated by different bumblebee species. Visitation frequency was positively correlated to local resource availability (number of anthetic Trifolium inflorescences in each plot), but independent of the surrounding landscape context (i.e. percentage of green area). We conclude that the establishment and maintenance even of small patches of different common wildflowers help maintain a diverse bee community in urban environments. Particularly large-flowered species may be important for supporting long-tongued, late emerging pollinators such as certain bumblebee species.</p>
Data from: Seasonal food scarcity prompts long-distance foraging by a wild social bee
Foraging is an essential process for mobile animals and its optimization serves as a foundational theory in ecology and evolution; however, drivers of foraging are rarely investigated across landscapes and seasons. Using a common bumble bee species from the Western US (Bombus vosnesenskii), we ask if seasonal decreases in food resources prompt changes in foraging behavior and space use. We employ a unique integration of population genetic tools and spatially-explicit foraging models to estimate foraging distances and rates of patch visitation for wild bumble bee colonies across three study regions and two seasons. By mapping the locations of 669 wild-caught individual foragers, we find substantial variation in colony-level foraging distances, often exhibiting a 60-fold difference within a study region. Our analysis of visitation rates indicates that foragers display a preference for high-cover destination patches and forage significantly further for these patches, but only in the summer, when landscape-level resources are low. Overall, these results indicate that an increasing proportion of long-distance foraging bouts take place in the summer. As pollinators, the foraging dynamics of wild bees are of urgent concern given the potential impacts of global change on their movement and services. The behavioral shift towards long-distance foraging with seasonal declines in food resources suggests a novel phenologically-directed approach to landscape-level pollinator conservation and increased evaluation of late-season floral resources.
Figure 5 in Contributions to the wild bee fauna in Argentina (Hymenoptera: Anthophila)
Figure 5. Georeferenced new records of bee species for Argentina. The Ecoregions corresponding to each record are presented. Symbols represent localities with more than one new record: Star = Parque Nacional Iguazú; Plus = M. Belgrano; Diamond = Loreto; Triangle = Pueblo Liebig.
Figure 1 in Contributions to the wild bee fauna in Argentina (Hymenoptera: Anthophila)
Figure 1. (A-D) Callonychium (Callonychium) petuniae Cure & Wittmann male. (E-G) Melitoma danunciae Oliveira & Engel female. (H-J) Gaesischia (Gaesischia) nigra Moure female. A, E, H = head in frontal view. B, G, J = lateral view. B, C = S3 and T7. f = basitial plate. i = metasoma in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 4 in Contributions to the wild bee fauna in Argentina (Hymenoptera: Anthophila)
Figure 4. (A, B) Pseudaugochlora callaina Almeida female. (C, D) Rhectomia catarina Gonçalves female. (E-G) Thectochlora hamata Gonçalves & Melo female. (H, I) Bothranthidium lauroi Moure female. A, C, E, H = head in frontal view. B, G, I = lateral view. D = mesoscutum in dorsal view. F = foreleg trochanter. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.