Find research datasets worth reusing

Figure 14 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 14. Distribution of ascidian species from Fiordland by broad geographical zones (after Millar 1982). Zones: FL Fiordland; SIST South Island/Stewart Island; CH Chatham Islands; CS Cook Strait; CN central North Island; FN Far North; SA South Australia; EA Eastern Australia; WA Western Australia; NA north Australia; WP Western Pacific; WW worldwide.

Figure 12 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 12. Trididemnum shawi sp. nov. (NIWA 10872, holotype): (A) zooid; (B) testis follicle, (C) larva; (D) scanning electromicrograph of stellate spicules with conical rays; (E) micrograph (×400 magnification) of recrystallised spicule (arrow) with rod-like rays; scale bars: A, C 1.0 mm; B, 0.5 mm.

Figure 9 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 9. Aplidium benhami (NIWA 49993): (A) orange zooid with developing larvae in the peribranchial cavity; (B) larva showing orange pigmentation; (C) larva showing structure of adhesive papillae and lateral ampullae; scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0.5 mm.

Figure 7 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 7. In situ images of: (A) Synoicum occidentalis (NIWA 49972); (B) Synoicum stewartense (NIWA 49984). (C) Aplidium benhami (NIWA 49993,); (D) Aplidium coronum sp. nov. (NIWA 60890); (E) Aplidium coronum sp. nov. (NIWA 49995, holotype); (F) Aplidium phortax (NIWA 9947).

Figure 6 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 6. Synoicum occidentalis.(NIWA 49997): (A) thorax and abdomen; (B) thorax showing transverse and longitudinal muscles; (C) abdomen showing longitudinal muscle bands; scale bar:(A–C) 1 mm.

Figure 4 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 4. Botrylloides leachii (NIWA 4998): (A) Zooid; (B1, B2) parietal and mesial sides of the stomach; (C) ventral side of a zooid showing relative position of gonads. Scale bars: A, C 1 mm; B 0.5 mm.

Figure 3 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 3. In situ images of: (A) Botryllus stewartensis (NIWA 49968); (B) Botrylloides leachii (NIWA 49998); (C) Botrylloides leachii (NIWA 49986); (D) Botrylloides sp. (NIWA 49967); (E) Botrylloides sp. (NIWA 68096); (F) Synoicum kuranui (NIWA 49977).

Figure 5 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 5. Botrylloides sp. (NIWA 49967): (A) zooid with a wide atrial opening and spatulate upper and lower atrial lips; (B1, B2) parietal and mesial sides of the stomach. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B 0.5 mm.

Figure 2 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 2. Botryllus stewartensis (NIWA 49968): (A) part of a colony showing zooids arranged on sand-coated lobes; (B) zooid; (C) testis follicle; (D1, D2) parietal and mesial sides of the stomach. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, 1 mm; C, D 0.5 mm.

Figure 1 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 1. Map of Fiordland on the south-west coast of the South Island, New Zealand showing location of sampling stations.

Figure 13 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 13. In situ images of: (A) Diplosoma listerianum (NIWA 49936); (B) Diplosoma velatum (NIWA 49990); (C) Diplosoma velatum (NIWA 49991).

Figure 11 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 11. In situ images of: (A) Eudistoma circumvallatum (NIWA 49966); (B) Pseudodistoma cereum (NIWA 49992); (C) Pseudodistoma novaezelandiae (MNP7398) from the Kermadec Islands; (D) Trididemnum shawi sp. nov. (NIWA 10872, holotype); (E) Didemnum jucundum (NIWA 10873); (F) Didemnum lithostrotum (NIWA 49980).

Figure 10 in The colonial ascidian fauna of Fiordland, New Zealand, with a description of two new species

Figure 10. Aplidium coronum sp. nov. (NIWA 49995, holotype): (A) thorax and abdomen; (B) branchial siphon; (C) post-abdomen; (D) larva; scale bars: A, C, 1 mm; B, 0.1 mm; D, 0.5 mm.

opencc-zeroAug 2021View details →

dryad32/100

Colony-age-dependent variation in cuticular hydrocarbon profiles in subterranean termite colonies

Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) have, in insects, important physiological and ecological functions, such as protection against desiccation and as semiochemicals in eusocial taxa, including termites. CHCs are, in termites, known to vary qualitatively and/or quantitatively among species, populations, or seasons. Changes to hydrocarbon profile composition have been linked to varying degrees of aggression between termite colonies, although the variability of results among studies suggests that additional factors might have been involved. One source of variability may be colony age; however, this factor has never been investigated. We studied caste-specific patterns of CHC profiles in Coptotermes gestroi colonies of four different age classes (6, 18, 30, and 42 months). The CHC profiles were variable among castes in the youngest colonies, but progressively converged with increasing colony age. Young colonies had a less-defined CHC identity compared to older ones, which likely obscures the colony's ability to detect non-nestmates. Our data suggest that there is no selective pressure on an early-defined colony CHC profile, potentially allowing incipient colonies to merge non-agonistically with competing conspecifics as an indirect result.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2008View details →

Figure 2 in Reproductive performance of the great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) in three Greek colonies

Figure 2. Clutch size distribution of the great cormorant in three Greek colonies in 2001 and 2002. See Table 1 for sample sizes.

dryad32/100

Within-colony transmission of Microsporidian and Trypanosomatid parasites in honey bee and bumble bee colonies

Parasites are commonly cited as one of the causes of population declines for both managed and wild bees. Epidemiological models sometimes assume that increasing the proportion of infected individuals in a group should increase transmission. However, social insects exhibit behaviors and traits which can dampen the link between pathogen pressure and disease spread. Understanding patterns of parasite transmission within colonies of social bees has important implications for how to control diseases within those colonies, and potentially the broader pollinator community. We used bumble bees (Bombus impatiens Cresson) and western honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) infected with the gut parasites Crithidia bombi (Lipa & Triggiani) and Nosema ceranae (Fries et al.), respectively, to understand how the initial proportion of infected individuals impacts within-colony spread and intensity of infection of the parasites. In bumble bees, we found that higher initial parasite prevalence increased both the final prevalence and intensity of infection of C. bombi. In honey bees, higher initial prevalence increased the intensity of infection in individual bees, but not the final prevalence of N. ceranae. Measures that reduce the probability of workers bringing parasites back to the nest may have implications for how to control transmission and/or severity of infection and disease outbreaks, which could also have important consequences for controlling disease spread back into the broader bee community.

opencc-zeroAug 2021View details →

FIG. 6 in Convergent colonial organization and reproductive function in two bryozoan species epizoic on gastropod shells

FIG. 6. Alcyonidium nodosum. Diagrammatic reconstruction of a mammilla showing male zooids surrounded by female zooids; thickness and substance of colony arbitrary. Arrows indicate suggested directions and strengths of water ¯ows.

FIG. 5. Hippoporidra dictyota n in Convergent colonial organization and reproductive function in two bryozoan species epizoic on gastropod shells

FIG. 5. Hippoporidra dictyota n. sp. (A) Reconstruction of a mammilla in vertical section, showing three male zooids, surrounded by non-mammilla autozooids; arrows indicate presumed directions and magnitude of ¯ow (see text). (B) Lophophore of nonmammilla autozooid in ventral (left) and side (right) views. (C) Lophophore of male zooid in ventral (left) and side (right) views. V, ventral, D, dorsal.

FIG. 4. Hippoporidra dictyota n in Convergent colonial organization and reproductive function in two bryozoan species epizoic on gastropod shells

FIG. 4. Hippoporidra dictyota n. sp. Opercula and avicularian mandibles. (A) Operculum of non-mammilla (presumed female) zooid. (B) Operculum of mammilla (presumed male) zooid. (C, D) Mandibles of adventitious avicularia. (E, F) Mandibles of vicarious avicularia. Specimen from Black Rocks, Beaufort, North Carolina.

FIG. 3. Hippoporidra dictyota n in Convergent colonial organization and reproductive function in two bryozoan species epizoic on gastropod shells

FIG. 3. Hippoporidra dictyota n. sp., scanning electron micrographs, paratype specimen (USNM: 21601). (A) Portion of surface, scale bar 5 1 mm. (B) A mammilla, with male zooids and avicularia, scale bar 100 mm. (C) Ori®ce of male zooid and vicarious avicularium, scale bar 100 mm. (D) Ori®ce of female zooid, scale bar 100 mm. (E) Ovicells and vicarious avicularia (scale as D). adv, adventitious avicularium; or, ori®ce; ov, ovicell; vic, vicarious avicularium.