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592 results for “Cross-Sectional Studies”
Association Between Menstrual Cycle Disturbances and COVID-19 Vaccination Among Women in Saudi Arabia: A National Cross-Sectional Study
<p>After COVID-19 vaccination, women who had received one or more doses of COVID-19 vaccination reported a higher scores describing average and worst menstrual pain. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the association of COVID-19 vaccination with menstrual cycle changes among women living in KSA . Our results illustrated that (61.5%) of the total sample had a menstrual cycle irregularity after the COVID-19 vaccination particularly, high rate after the third dose by about (32.7%). Of them, (88.3%) referred these changes to the vaccine rather than the infection, with different reported possible reasons, among most important reasons; the changes they actually experienced after COVID-19 vaccines even though the period was regular before the vaccine (66.8%), these changes were resolved spontaneously without the need to visit the hospital. This can be linked to the psychological status, as it was noticed and reported in our investigation that there was a significant improvement in the psychological status after the lockdown than it was during the lockdown with (p=0.013), the certain relationship is not fully clear yet but our findings might be helpful to be utilized for further future studies to understand the underlying mechanisms for these associations.</p>
Health professionals' experiences and views on obstetric ultrasound in Rwanda: a cross-sectional study
<p>The uploaded data were collected through a cross-sectional questionnaire study, undertaken between November 2016 and March 2017, as part of the <strong>CRO</strong>ss <strong>C</strong>ountry <strong>U</strong>ltra<strong>S</strong>ound Study (CROCUS). The questionnaires were adressed to obstetricians/physicians and midwives/nurses providing pregnancy and delivery services to women in Rwanda (N=907). Data were collected at 108 health facilities located in both rural and urban areas of Rwanda, including provincial, referral, district and private hospitals as well as health centres. The questionnaire included items on socio-demographic characteristics, ultrasound resources and training, self-rated skills with ultrasound, and views on what may improve utilisation of ultrasound. </p> <p> </p>
Cognitive Fusion and Emotional Eating among Adolescents with Obesity: A Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study
<p>Cognitive fusion and avoidance are supposed to exert a key role in the development and maintenance of disordered eating behaviors related to obesity, such as emotional eating. A large portion of the research has focused on adult populations, while few data are available on adolescents so far. The current cross-sectional study is intended to explore the association between cognitive fusion, avoidance, and emotional eating in a sample of fifty-six Italian adolescents (13–17 years) with obesity (body mass index > 97th centile). For this purpose, participants attending a 3-week body weight reduction program were assessed using demographical, physical, and clinical data. A multivariate linear regression model was performed in order to preliminarily investigate the predictive role of cognitive fusion on emotional eating, controlling for possible confounding factors. Results showed a significant association between cognitive fusion and emotional eating. Regression revealed that cognitive fusion was a significant contributor for explaining emotional eating (controlling for sex) [R2 = 0.551; Adjusted R2 = 0.534; F(2,53) = 32.5; p < 0.001]. Even if preliminary, our findings suggest a predictive role of cognitive fusion on emotional eating, and also suggest that cognitive fusion can be considered a key component in understanding and addressing of disordered eating behaviors related to obesity. Future replications are required to expand the sample and collect longitudinal data. Intervention programs for childhood obesity could benefit from this line of research.</p>
Psychiatric symptoms and emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Italian adolescents during the third lockdown: a cross-sectional cohort study
<p>This database includes the raw data linked with the paper “Psychiatric Symptoms and Emotional Repercussions of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Italian Adolescents: Third Lockdown Survey” .</p> <p>In this paper, we proposed a questionnaire to investigate the presence of symptoms related to anxiety, panic, depression, eating disorders, sleep disorders, tendency to social withdrawal, stress disorders, psychotic symptoms, anti-conservative thoughts, and self-harming acts aggravated by COVID-19 restrictions. Our aim was to investigate: (1) The prevalence rate and sociodemographic correlates of COVID-19 related stress disorders, depressive, anxious, panic, and psychotic symptoms, according to DSM-5 criteria, during the third lockdown in Italy. (2) Perception of personal stress level, dysfunctional eating behaviours, sleep problems, substances abuse, perceived social withdrawal, and suicidal ideation and self-harm during the third lockdown in Italy. (3) Differences between male adolescents and female adolescents.</p> <p>We administered an online anonymous questionnaire, built ad hoc using validated scales, to a cohort of 500 Italian adolescents (12-18 y.o.).</p> <p>Our study highlighted that the respondents felt more stress than during the first lockdown. Participants showed suprathreshold symptoms for post-traumatic stress disorder and isolated symptoms of acute or post-traumatic stress due to the pandemic. In addition, we found psychotic symptoms, panic, anxiety, depression, eating-related symptoms, sleep difficulties, tendency to social withdrawal after the pandemic, suicidal ideation, and self-harming behaviour. Furthermore, girls showed a more severe level of distress than boys did. The results show a high prevalence of symptoms developed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and which are undermining the psychological health of Italian adolescents.</p>
Diabesity in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study Exploring Self-care and Its Determinants.
<p>Baroni I, Caruso R, Dellafiore F, Arrigoni C, Fabrizi D, Luciani M, Rebora P, Ausili D. Diabesity in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study Exploring Self-care and Its Determinants. Can J Diabetes. 2022 Apr 7:S1499-2671(22)00072-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.03.009. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35927172.</p> <p>Abstract</p> <p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to describe self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, self-care management and self-care self-efficacy in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and body mass index (BMI)<30 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and adults with T2DM and BMI≥30 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ("diabesity"), and to identify their clinical and sociodemographic determinants. Self-care is one of the main treatments for adults with T2DM. However, self-care has been poorly described in people with diabesity, and differences in clinical and sociodemographic determinants of self-care between patients with diabesity and patients with T2DM and BMI<30 kg/m<sup>2</sup> have, to our knowledge, not been assessed.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>A secondary analysis was performed of sociodemographic and clinical data using a multicentre, observational, cross-sectional design, wherein 540 adults diagnosed with T2DM were included in a consecutive and convenience sampling procedure.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Self-care maintenance and management were significantly lower among patients with diabesity (p<0.001 and p=0.025, respectively). Among patients with diabesity, low income (relative risk [RR]=3.27, p=0.01) and presence of diabetic neuropathy (RR=4.16; p=0.03) were strongly associated with inadequate self-care maintenance; completion of high school (RR=0.45; p=0.01), availability of a family caregiver (RR=0.52; p=0.04) and the use of insulin as the main treatment (RR=2.09; p=0.01) decreased the likelihood of inadequate self-care monitoring.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The unfavourable behavioural profile of patients with diabesity could be further worsened by their lower level of confidence in performing adequate self-care.</p>
The family caregiving environment associates with adolescent patients' severity of eating disorder and interpersonal problems: a cross-sectional study
<p><strong>Introduction</strong>. This database includes the raw data linked with the paper <em>The family caregiving environment associates with adolescent patients’ severity of eating disorder and interpersonal problems: a cross-sectional study.</em></p> <p>In this paper, we reported sociodemographic features, family history of any DSM-5 psychiatric disorder, personal history of any DSM-5 psychiatric disorder, life events, Restrictive Eating Disorder (RED) severity, and psychopathological assessment. We aimed to explore how adolescent patients’ interactive behaviours observed during the Lausanne Trilogue Play clinical version (LTPc) were associated with both RED severity and interpersonal problems. Futhermore, we aimed to explore the association of RED disease and interpersonal problems with specific functioning levels observed with LTPc.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>. We enrolled 60 female adolescent patients (12-18), with a diagnosis of RED and confirmed by K-SADS, who compiled Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-3) questionnaire to assess RED severity using the Eating Disorder Risk Composite (EDRC) and Interpersonal Problems Composite (IPC) subscales. In addition, patients and their parents took part in the LTPc and patients’ interactive behaviours were coded as Participation, Organization, smolinariFocal Attention, and Affective Contact in all the LTPc four phases.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>. A significant association emerged between patients; interactive behaviours during the LTPc triadic phase and both EDRC and IPC. Better patients’ OrganizatioN and Affective Contact significantly correlated with lower RED severity and fewer interpersonal problems. These findings suggest that investigating the quality of family relationships and patients’ interactive behaviours may contribute to better identifying adolescent patients at risk for more severe conditions.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity in Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
<p>Some obese individuals do not present any metabolic alteration and are considered metabolically healthy (MHO). Adherence to high-quality dietary pattern may favor this phenotype. We aimed to evaluate the association between the adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) in women. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 2,115 obese women. All patients underwent a medical examination, anthropometric evaluation, bioelectrical impedance, ultrasound measurements of abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) fat, blood sampling and evaluation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet through MEDAS questionnaire. The diagnosis of MHO and MUO was made using the harmonized criteria. A multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, BMI, fat free mass, ultrasound estimated VAT:SAT ratio, marital status, education, past diet, antidepressant use, family history of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, menopausal status, smoking, and physical activity was used to assess the association between Mediterranean diet and MUO risk. The prevalence of MHO was 21.2% (N = 449). Compared to MUO women, MHO women were younger, had lower BMI and VAT, and had higher fat free mass and SAT. In the multivariable model, the adherence to the Mediterranean diet was not associated with the risk of MUO (OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.62; 1.34, P = 0.624). Given the impact of menopause on metabolic health we also carried out the analysis in pre- and post-menopausal women separately. Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower risk of MUO in postmenopausal women (OR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.31; 0.96, P = 0.034). No association was found in premenopausal women (OR = 1.18, 95%CI: 0.70; 1.99, P = 0.532). In conclusion, adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a better metabolic health in postmenopausal women. Further studies are needed to confirm the ability of the Mediterranean diet in promoting maintenance of the healthy phenotype and reversion from MUO.</p>
Assessment of fat-free mass from bioelectrical impedance analysis in men and women with Prader-Willi syndrome: cross-sectional study
<p>We have recently shown that population-specific formulae are required to estimate fat-free mass (FFM) from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in obese women with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) matched by age and percent fat mass (FM) to non-PWS women. The present cross-sectional study was aimed at developing generalised BIA equations that could be used in PWS subjects independently of sex and FM. We used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure FFM and BIA to measure whole-body impedance at 50 kHz (Z<sub>50</sub>) in 34 women and 21 men with PWS. The impedance index, that is, height (cm)<sup>2</sup>/Z<sub>50</sub> (Ω), explained 77% (BCa-bootstrapped 95% CI 65 to 85%) of the variance of FFM with a root mean squared error of the estimate of 3.7 kg (BCa-bootstrapped 95% CI 3.2 to 4.5 kg). BIA can be used to estimate FFM in obese and non-obese PWS men and women by means of population-specific equations.</p>
data set related to article Parental Distress in the Time of COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study on Pediatric Patients with Neuropsychiatric Conditions during Lockdown
<p>This record contains raw data related to article Parental Distress in the Time of COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study on Pediatric Patients with Neuropsychiatric Conditions during Lockdown</p>
Development and validation of a prediction model using sella magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics and clinical parameters for diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency and idiopathic short stature: A multicenter, cross-sectional study
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Environmental Exposures, Characteristics, and Treatment Outcomes of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis at a Rural Appalachian Academic Medical Center: A Cross-sectional Study
<p>Data set for our research project titled above.</p>
Data from: Association of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol within the normal range and NAFLD in the non-obese Chinese population: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study
OBJECTIVES: The relationship between normal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in non-obese subjects remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the precise prevalence and incidence of NAFLD within the normal LDL-c range in non-obese subjects. Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Setting: Wenzhou Medical Center of Wenzhou People's Hospital from 2010 to 2014. Participants: 183903 non-obese individuals were enrolled from a cross-sectional population and a total of 16173 initially NAFLD-free non-obese subjects were included who completed a 5-year follow-up examination in the longitudinal population. RESULTS: In our study, NAFLD was defined by ultrasonographic detection of steatosis in the absence of other liver disease. The cross-sectional study showed that at baseline, the prevalence of NAFLD was 13.9% in non-obese subjects with normal LDL-c levels. The prospective study demonstrated that NAFLD-free subjects developed NAFLD during the 5-year follow-up period, with a cumulative incidence of 14.4%. In addition, the OR for NAFLD in the cross-sectional population were 1.11(95%CI 1.04-1.18), 1.37 (95%CI 1.27-1.47), and 1.56 (95%CI 1.43-1.69), respectively, after adjusting for known confounding variables. The HR for NAFLD in the longitudinal population were 1.15 (95%CI 0.98-1.36), 1.32 (95%CI 1.10-1.58) and 1.82 (95%CI 1.47-2.52), compared with Q1. Subjects with higher LDL-c level within the normal range had an increased cumulative incidence rate of NAFLD in non-obese subjects. CONCLUSIONS: NAFLD is prevalent in the non-obese Chinese population. Furthermore, this is the first study to demonstrate that increased normal LDL-c levels are independently associated with an elevated risk of NAFLD in non-obese subjects.
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