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644 results for “Data Visualizations”
Inter-trial phase coherence of visually evoked postural responses in virtual reality, ExpBrainRes (2020): Data
<p>Data set accompanying the publication:</p> <p>Engel, D., Schütz, A., Krala, M. <em>et al.</em> Inter-trial phase coherence of visually evoked postural responses in virtual reality. <em>Exp Brain Res</em> <strong>238, </strong>1177–1189 (2020).</p> <p>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-020-05782-2</p> <p> </p>
Data from Schmitt et al. 2018: Preattentive and Predictive Processing of Visual Motion
<p><strong>Dataset associated with the following publication:</strong></p> <p>Schmitt C, Klingenhoefer S, Bremmer F. Preattentive and Predictive Processing of Visual Motion. <em>Sci Rep</em>. 2018;8(1):12399. Published 2018 Aug 17. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30832-9</p> <p><strong>Description of dataset:</strong></p> <p>The dataset contains preprocessed EEG data recorded from the 15 electrodes (Cz, Fz, FCz, FC1, FC2, F3, F4, FC5, FC6, P3, P4, P7, P8, PO3, PO4) used for analysis in our paper. Data containing eye movements, blinks or a movement response of the participants were removed. As a reference the average signal of the mastoid electrodes TP9 and TP10 was used.</p> <p>In a first preporcessing step data were low pass filtered with a cut-off frequency of 70 Hz and additionally a Notch filter at 50 Hz was applied. In a second step data were aligned to the (re)appearance of the moving target next to the central occluder and cut into 850 ms long epochs ranging from 200 ms before this (re)appearance to 650 ms after this time point. The average signal from a 50 ms long time window starting 50 ms before the (re)appearance was used for a baseline correction of each epoch before epochs were averaged separately for subjects and conditions as a last preprocessing step. </p> <p>Each uploaded file contains data of all 8 participants and all 15 electrodes separately for the four different conditions: 1) target movement to the right in complete trajectory trails (data_movedirR_complete_trajectory.mat); 2) target movement to the left in complete trajectory trails (data_movedirL_complete_trajectory.mat); 3) target movement to the right in half trajectory trails (data_movedirR_half_trajectory.mat); 4) target movement to the left in half trajectory trails (data_movedirL_half_trajectory.mat).</p> <p>Each file contains 30 matrices for the half trajectory conditions and 60 matrices for the complete trajectory conditions. Each matrix presents the data recorded at one electrode, for one type of trial (standard "AllS", deviant "AllD" or half trajectory "AllH") and one attention condition (attention to the fixation target, central "1" and attention to the moving target, peripheral "2"). Example: "P3_AllD_1"</p> <p>Each matrix consists of 8 lines representing the 8 participants. Data for the relevant condition was averaged for each participant and is presented in a separate line. The matrices consist of 850 columns representing the length of the presented recording time of 850 ms. Data from 200 ms before to 650 ms after the (re)appearance of the moving target is presented. The uploaded matrices contain values in µV.</p>
data set related to article Visual assessment in Down Syndrome: The relevance of early visual functions
<p>This record contains raw data related to article Visual assessment in Down Syndrome: The relevance of early visual functions</p>
data set related to article Visual assessment in Down Syndrome: The relevance of early visual functions
<p>this record contains raw data related to article Visual assessment in Down Syndrome: The relevance of early visual functions</p>
Data from: A resource-rational theory of set size effects in human visual working memory
Encoding precision in visual working memory decreases with the number of encoded items. Here, we propose a normative theory for such set size effects: the brain minimizes a weighted sum of an error-based behavioral cost and a neural encoding cost. We construct a model from this theory and find that it predicts set size effects. Notably, these effects are mediated by probing probability, which aligns with previous empirical findings. The model accounts well for effects of both set size and probing probability on encoding precision in nine delayed-estimation experiments. Moreover, we find support for the prediction that the total amount of invested resource can vary non-monotonically with set size. Finally, we show that it is sometimes optimal to encode only a subset or even none of the relevant items in a task. Our findings raise the possibility that cognitive "limitations" arise from rational cost minimization rather than from constraints.
Data from: Neuronal connectome of a sensory-motor circuit for visual navigation
Animals use spatial differences in environmental light levels for visual navigation; however, how light inputs are translated into coordinated motor outputs remains poorly understood. Here we reconstruct the neuronal connectome of a four-eye visual circuit in the larva of the annelid Platynereis using serial-section transmission electron microscopy. In this 71-neuron circuit, photoreceptors connect via three layers of interneurons to motorneurons, which innervate trunk muscles. By combining eye ablations with behavioral experiments, we show that the circuit compares light on either side of the body and stimulates body bending upon left-right light imbalance during visual phototaxis. We also identified an interneuron motif that enhances sensitivity to different light intensity contrasts. The Platynereis eye circuit has the hallmarks of a visual system, including spatial light detection and contrast modulation, illustrating how image-forming eyes may have evolved via intermediate stages contrasting only a light and a dark field during a simple visual task.
Data from: Integrated analysis and visualization of group differences in structural and functional brain connectivity: applications in typical ageing and schizophrenia
Structural and functional brain connectivity are increasingly used to identify and analyze group differences in studies of brain disease. This study presents methods to analyze uni- and bi-modal brain connectivity and evaluate their ability to identify differences. Novel visualizations of significantly different connections comparing multiple metrics are presented. On the global level, "bi-modal comparison plots" show the distribution of uni- and bi-modal group differences and the relationship between structure and function. Differences between brain lobes are visualized using "worm plots". Group differences in connections are examined with an existing visualization, the "connectogram". These visualizations were evaluated in two proof-of-concept studies: (1) middle-aged versus elderly subjects; and (2) patients with schizophrenia versus controls. Each included two measures derived from diffusion weighted images and two from functional magnetic resonance images. The structural measures were minimum cost path between two anatomical regions according to the "Statistical Analysis of Minimum cost path based Structural Connectivity" method and the average fractional anisotropy along the fiber. The functional measures were Pearson's correlation and partial correlation of mean regional time series. The relationship between structure and function was similar in both studies. Uni-modal group differences varied greatly between connectivity types. Group differences were identified in both studies globally, within brain lobes and between regions. In the aging study, minimum cost path was highly effective in identifying group differences on all levels; fractional anisotropy and mean correlation showed smaller differences on the brain lobe and regional levels. In the schizophrenia study, minimum cost path and fractional anisotropy showed differences on the global level and within brain lobes; mean correlation showed small differences on the lobe level. Only fractional anisotropy and mean correlation showed regional differences. The presented visualizations were helpful in comparing and evaluating connectivity measures on multiple levels in both studies.
Data from: Stronger neural modulation by visual motion intensity in autism spectrum disorders
Theories of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have focused on altered perceptual integration of sensory features as a possible core deficit. Yet, there is little understanding of the neuronal processing of elementary sensory features in ASD. For typically developed individuals, we previously established a direct link between frequency-specific neural activity and the intensity of a specific sensory feature: Gamma-band activity in the visual cortex increased approximately linearly with the strength of visual motion. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we investigated whether in individuals with ASD neural activity reflect the coherence, and thus intensity, of visual motion in a similar fashion. Thirteen adult participants with ASD and 14 control participants performed a motion direction discrimination task with increasing levels of motion coherence. A polynomial regression analysis revealed that gamma-band power increased significantly stronger with motion coherence in ASD compared to controls, suggesting excessive visual activation with increasing stimulus intensity originating from motion-responsive visual areas V3, V6 and hMT/V5. Enhanced neural responses with increasing stimulus intensity suggest an enhanced response gain in ASD. Response gain is controlled by excitatory-inhibitory interactions, which also drive high-frequency oscillations in the gamma-band. Thus, our data suggest that a disturbed excitatory-inhibitory balance underlies enhanced neural responses to coherent motion in ASD.
MPM-CFD entrainment: Processed data and visualization
<p>Data supporting "The role of dilatancy and permeability of wet bed sediments eroded by a granular flow on erosion and runout: Two-phase MPM–CFD simulations". Content:</p> <p>- The <strong>full simulation results</strong> cannot be included as a supplementary material as the files are too large. However, we include the input files, which can be run with the MPM–CFD code (https://github.com/QuocAnh90/Uintah_NTNU/tree/1.0). We also include the processed data from the simulations, which can be used for visualization. </p> <p>- <strong>Processed data</strong> from the MPM–CFD simulations (particles positions and displacements, pore pressure).</p> <p> Each simulation is named with a code. For instance:</p> <ul> <li>dry / wes: dry or wet simulation</li> <li>30: indicates the effective friction angle</li> <li>k-3: -3 is the Log of the D_p parameter</li> <li>Name: data type of the particles: <ul> <li>particlesX: position</li> <li>particlesDispl: displacement</li> <li>particlespwp: pore pressure (absolute value, including "atmospheric pressure"), corrected with a default value of p_atm=101325 Pa</li> <li>particleStress: effective stress tensor</li> <li>pressCC: pore pressure (absolute value, including "atmospheric pressure"</li> </ul> </li> <li>m: material: 1=flow; 2=bed; 0=any material</li> <li>t= (time(s)+1) * 10</li> </ul> <p>- <strong>Matlab files</strong> to process the data and create the figures.</p> <ul> <li>The code Erosion_runout.m serves to plot flow and particle displacements and to calculate the flow runout and erosion volume</li> <li>The code pwp.m serves to plot pore pressure ratio and calculate the median pore pressure ratio</li> <li>The code pwp_evolution.m served to plot the time evolution of the median value of the pore pressure ratio</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: The visual speech head start improves perception and reduces superior temporal cortex responses to auditory speech
Visual information about speech content from the talker's mouth is often available before auditory information from the talker's voice. Previously we demonstrated that audiovisual speech selectively enhances activity in regions of the early visual cortex representing the mouth of the talker (Ozker et al., 2018b). Here we examined perceptual and neural responses to words with and without this visual head start. For both types of words, perception was enhanced by viewing the talker's face, but the enhancement was significantly greater for words with a head start. Neural responses were measured from electrodes implanted over auditory association cortex in the posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) of epileptic patients. The presence of visual speech suppressed responses to auditory speech, more so for words with a visual head start. We suggest that the head start inhibits representations of incompatible auditory phonemes, increasing perceptual accuracy and decreasing total neural responses. Together with previous work showing visual cortex modulation (Ozker et al., 2018b) these results from pSTG demonstrate that multisensory interactions are a powerful modulator of activity throughout the speech perception network.
Data from: The effect of mood state on visual search times for detecting a target in noise: an application of smartphone technology
The study of visual perception has largely been completed without regard to the influence that an individual's emotional status may have on their performance in visual tasks. However, there is a growing body of evidence to suggest that mood may affect not only creative abilities and interpersonal skills but also the capacity to perform low-level cognitive tasks. Here, we sought to determine whether rudimentary visual search processes are similarly affected by emotion. Specifically, we examined whether an individual's perceived happiness level affects their ability to detect a target in noise. To do so, we employed pop-out and serial visual search paradigms, implemented using a novel smartphone application that allowed search times and self-rated levels of happiness to be recorded throughout each twenty-four-hour period for two weeks. This experience sampling protocol circumvented the need to alter mood artificially with laboratory-based induction methods. Using our smartphone application, we were able to replicate the classic visual search findings, whereby pop-out search times remained largely unaffected by the number of distractors whereas serial search times increased with increasing number of distractors. While pop-out search times were unaffected by happiness level, serial search times with the maximum numbers of distractors (n = 30) were significantly faster for high happiness levels than low happiness levels (p = 0.02). Our results demonstrate the utility of smartphone applications in assessing ecologically valid measures of human visual performance. We discuss the significance of our findings for the assessment of basic visual functions using search time measures, and for our ability to search effectively for targets in real world settings.
Data from: Prediction error and repetition suppression have distinct effects on neural representations of visual information
Predictive coding theories argue that recent experience establishes expectations in the brain that generate prediction errors when violated. Prediction errors provide a possible explanation for repetition suppression, where evoked neural activity is attenuated across repeated presentations of the same stimulus. The predictive coding account argues repetition suppression arises because repeated stimuli are expected, whereas non-repeated stimuli are unexpected and thus elicit larger neural responses. Here we employed electroencephalography in humans to test the predictive coding account of repetition suppression by presenting sequences of visual gratings with orientations that were expected either to repeat or change in separate blocks of trials. We applied multivariate forward modelling to determine how orientation selectivity was affected by repetition and prediction. Unexpected stimuli were associated with significantly enhanced orientation selectivity, whereas selectivity was unaffected for repeated stimuli. Our results suggest that repetition suppression and expectation have separable effects on neural representations of visual feature information.
Figure 3 from: Klein A (2016) Data-Visual Relationships to Subject Performance and Eye Movements. Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e8814. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e8814
Figure 3 - Graphical elements and transforms
Figure 2b from: Klein A (2016) Data-Visual Relationships to Subject Performance and Eye Movements. Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e8814. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e8814
Figure 2b - Hypergraph
Figure 2a from: Klein A (2016) Data-Visual Relationships to Subject Performance and Eye Movements. Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e8814. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e8814
Figure 2a - Simple graph
data: Early visual deprivation disrupts the mental representation of numbers in visually impaired children.
<p>The datasets contain the raw data of PAE and PE variables.</p>
Visualization of the Multidimensional Volumetric Data-base by Video - Mapping Technology in field of Operational Oceanography (Algerian basin) (zooplankton expressed as carbon in sea water - mass concentration of chllorophyl a in sea water,Wekeo Data ) During 2022 year : (educational support resource in space oceanography)
<p>The multidimensional view of the Earth and its immediate environment that is provided by space borne sensors, operating at many wavelengths and directed at many different phenomena, has revolutionized man's understanding of his planet and the surrounding space environment.<strong>(John H. McElroy.,1985)</strong>,</p> <p>Earth observation satellites measuring in the visible and infrared spectral domain provide a global perspective for many required to determine the role of the ocean in the global climate system, as well as the effects on the ocean of a changing climate <strong>(James A. Yoder and all.,2014)</strong>.</p> <p>Data visualization by video graphics technology is a digital modeling technique also a description or analogy used to help visualize something that cannot be observed directly which exploits the bases of scientific knowledge in a data processing system by the use of mathematical and statistical tools and analysis and forecasting methods to visualize what is hidden behind the data. This work is inspired by the general principle of numerical modeling and data processing, which takes into consideration (the observation of natural phenomena, and the statistical processing of scientific data, which are at the base of the functioning of natural variation)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Bibliographic reference:</strong><br> <strong>-Monitoring Earth's Ocean, Land, and Atmosphere from Space-Sensors, Systems, and Applications, edited by Abraham Schnapf, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1985<br> -Optical Radiometry for Ocean Climate Measurements, Elsevier Science & Technology, 2014</strong></p> <p> </p>
Evaluation of Long-term Visual Acuity Data After Bilateral Implantation of the Aspheric EDOF Lens ACUNEX® Vario
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06906718. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Improving PRO for Patients with Cancer Using ECAs and Data Visualization
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05948618. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data Visualization of Kidney and Prostate Tumors Using Routine Pre-Operative Imaging, 3D Printed, and 3D Virtual Reality Models
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03656822. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.