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Fig. 4 in Large lungworms (Nematoda: Dictyocaulidae) recovered from the European bison may represent a new nematode subspecies

Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree of Dictyocaulus spp. based on cox1, cytB and nad5 partial sequences, constructed with the use of Bayesian inference (BI) analysis using MrBayes version 3.2. The GTR + G (cox1, cytB) and GTR + I (nad5) model was chosen based on jModelTest version 2.1.4 using Akaike Information Criterion. The analysis was run for 2,000,000 generations, with 500,000 generations discarded as 'burn-in'. Hosts (for Dictyocaulus viviparus) and Gen- Bank accession numbers of origin are shown. Nodal support is indicated as Bayesian posterior probabilities. Sequence from Angiostrongylus cantoniensis (AP017672.1) was used as an outgroup.

Fig. 1 in Large lungworms (Nematoda: Dictyocaulidae) recovered from the European bison may represent a new nematode subspecies

Fig. 1. Dictyocaulus viviparus of European bison, anterior end. (A) Male, anterior end in optical section, showing head, cephalic vesicle (cv), esophagus, nerve ring (nr), lateral view. (B) Female, anterior end in optical section, showing buccal capsule (bc), buccal capsule wall (bcw), cephalic vesicle (cv), nerve ring (nr), and excretory pore (ep), lateral view. (C) Cephalic region, scanning electron microscopy, showing two lateral amphids (LA) and four submedian papillae (SCP).

Fig. 3 in Large lungworms (Nematoda: Dictyocaulidae) recovered from the European bison may represent a new nematode subspecies

Fig. 3. Dictyocaulus viviparus of European bison, male genital system, light microscopy. (A) Bursa, dorsal view. (B) Bursa, left lateral view, showing gubernaculum (gub), and left spicula (spi). (C) Spiculae, dorsal view.

Fig. 4 in First report of a newly-described lungworm, Dictyocaulus cervi (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea), in moose (Alces alces) in central Europe

Fig. 4. The prevalence of larvae from the genus Dictyocaulus and larvae from the family Protostrongylidae in the faeces of moose. IQR – interquartile range.

Fig. 5 in First report of a newly-described lungworm, Dictyocaulus cervi (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea), in moose (Alces alces) in central Europe

Fig. 5. The number of larvae from the family Protostrongylidae in the faecal samples of moose with, and without, larvae from the genus Dictyocaulus. IQR – interquartile range.

Fig. 3 in First report of a newly-described lungworm, Dictyocaulus cervi (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea), in moose (Alces alces) in central Europe

Fig. 3. Lung pathology of adult Dictyocaulus negative cases. (A) Bands of fibrous tissue. Van Gieson's staining, (10× magnification). (B) Subpleural fibrosis. Van Gieson's staining, (10× magnification). (C) Alveolar damage and mononuclear cell infiltration, exudative fluid located in alveoli and inter-alveolar spaces. H-E staining, (10× magnification). (D) Mononuclear inflammatory infiltration. H-E staining, (40× magnification). (E and F) cross sections of larvae in alveoli, damaged alveoli. H-E staining, (40× magnification).

Fig. 1 in First report of a newly-described lungworm, Dictyocaulus cervi (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea), in moose (Alces alces) in central Europe

Fig. 1. Results of the multiplex PCR test detecting various Dictyocaulus species. Lane M1: O'GeneRuler 50 bp DNA Ladder (ThermoFisher Scientific); lane M2: O'GeneRuler 100 bp (ThermoFisger Scientific); lanes 1–4: D. cervi product (~800 bp); (lane 1: D. cervi from a moose from Kampinos Forest; lane 2: D. cervi from a moose from West Polesie; lane 3: D. cervi from another moose from West Polesie; lane 4: D. cervi from a red deer from north-east Poland); lane 5: D. capreolus from a roe deer from north-east Poland (~400 bp); lane 6: D. viviparus from European bison from Białowie˙za Forest (~600 bp); lane K(–): negative control.

Fig. 1 in The biogeography of the caribou lungworm, Varestrongylus eleguneniensis (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) across northern North America

Fig. 1. Map of Northern North America, including Alaska, USA, Canada and Greenland depicting the geographic distribution of caribou subspecies (Rangifer tarandus sspp.). The distribution of the caribou lungworm, Varestrongylus eleguneniensis, and the muscleworm, Parelaphostrongylus andersoni in caribou is shown based on compiled data from the present study, and all reports in the literature (Lankester and Hauta, 1989; Lankester and Fong, 1998; Kutz et al., 2007, 2012; 2013; Verocai et al., 2013; Kafle et al., 2017a, 2017b; Turgeon et al., 2018). The historic southern range of distribution of caribou is shown as a dotted line to assist in the discussions on the historical biogeography of V. eleguneniensis and Rangifer. (See Fig. S1 and Fig. S2 for the distribution maps for V. eleguneniensis and P. andersoni separately).

Fig. 1 in Characterization of aortic and brachiocephalic filariasis by Filarioidea sp (Nematoda:Spirurida:Filarioidea) in Mexican ramphastids

Fig. 1. Lesions associated with filariasis in ramphastid birds submitted to the Research and Diagnostic Laboratory for Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine- UNAM. (A) Cardiopulmonary system with severe thickening of the aortic trunk (arrow), and moderate hypertrophy of the left ventricle. (B) Heart with severe thickening of the aortic and brachiocephalic trunk (arrows), and left cardiac ventricle hypertrophy. (C) Photomicrography of the heart, in the lumen of the left auricle, there are numerous microfilariae, erythrocytes, and thrombocytes. Hematoxylin-eosin (H& E) stain, bar: 50 μm. (D) Photomicrography of a longitudinal section of the aorta artery. The wall is severely enlarged due to abundant presence of connective tissue, chondroid metaplasia, and adult filariae in a cross section (arrows). In the filarial section, cuticle, coelomic musculature, and a gravid uterus are observed. H&E stain, bar: 500 μm. (E) Photomicrography of the aortic wall (arrow); cross section of an adult, female filaria, surrounded by extensive areas of chondroid metaplasia and connective tissue. H&E stain, bar: 200 μm.

Fig. 3. Bayesian phylogenetic tree using the 12S in Characterization of aortic and brachiocephalic filariasis by Filarioidea sp (Nematoda:Spirurida:Filarioidea) in Mexican ramphastids

Fig. 3. Bayesian phylogenetic tree using the 12S mitochondrial sequences for different species of filariae. The number of the nodes indicate the values of support or posterior probability.

Fig. 2 in Characterization of aortic and brachiocephalic filariasis by Filarioidea sp (Nematoda:Spirurida:Filarioidea) in Mexican ramphastids

Fig. 2. (A) Mid-section of a filarial specimen. (B) Lateral view of the distal end of a male filaria. Primordial spicules in the copulatory bursa, distinctive of the gender, are observed (arrow).

Fig. 2 in Boehmiella wilsoni (Nematoda, Heligmosomoidea, Boehmiellidae fam. nov.), found in Amazonian rodents

Fig. 2. Light microscopy of Boehmiella wilsoni. (A) Posterior part of male body, gubernaculum (asterisk). (B) Spicule. (C) Posterior part of female body, vulva (arrow). (D) Dissected ovejector. (E) Uterus with eggs. (F) Spermatheca.

Fig. 4 in Boehmiella wilsoni (Nematoda, Heligmosomoidea, Boehmiellidae fam. nov.), found in Amazonian rodents

Fig. 4. Scanning electron microscopy of Boehmiella wilsoni. (A) Anterior region showing a deirid (arrowhead) and the excretory pore (arrow). (B) Detail of a deirid. (C) Detail of excretory pore. (D) Anterior end in apical view showing two cephalic papillae (pc) and amphid (a). (E) Posterior end of female and detail of anus (arrow). (F) Posterior end of male, showing the prebursal papillae (arrow) and spicule tip(s). (G) Detail of a prebursal papillae (p). (H) Detail of a pair of spicule tips. Abbreviation: v-ventral and d-dorsal.

Fig. 3 in Boehmiella wilsoni (Nematoda, Heligmosomoidea, Boehmiellidae fam. nov.), found in Amazonian rodents

Fig. 3. Light microscopy with camera lucida of Boehmiella wilsoni. (A) Cross-section of the body in the cervical region. (B) Cross-section of the body in the middle region. (C) Cross-section of the body in the posterior extremity (Female). (D) Cross-section of the body in the cervical region. (E) Cross-section of the body in the middle region. (F) Cross-section of the body in the posterior extremity (Male).

Fig. 7 in Boehmiella wilsoni (Nematoda, Heligmosomoidea, Boehmiellidae fam. nov.), found in Amazonian rodents

Fig. 7. Phylogenetic relationships of Boehmiella wilsoni, Trichostrongylina, and outgroup sequences. Concatenated 18S and 28S genes matrix ML phylogram. Support values at nodes: aLRT/ML-BP/BPP, respectively.

Fig. 1 in Boehmiella wilsoni (Nematoda, Heligmosomoidea, Boehmiellidae fam. nov.), found in Amazonian rodents

Fig. 1. Light microscopy with camera lucida of Boehmiella wilsoni. (A) Anterior part of female body. (B) Neodont. (C) Cross-section of the head, with the neodont and denticles in detail. (D) Posterior part of female body. (E) Dissected ovejector. (F) Dorsal rays. (G) Posterior part of male body. (H) Telamon. (I) Gubernaculum. (J) Posterior part of male body, copulatory bursal closed.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Fig. 1 in Molecular identification and epidemiological data of Anisakis spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) larvae from Southeastern Pacific Ocean off Peru

Fig. 1. Scanning electron micrographs of Anisakis type I and II.1a and 2a. Cephalic end. Detail of the structures: oral cavity (oc), tooth (t), excretory pore (ep), subventral lip bulge (s). 1b. caudal end of Anisakis pegreffii. 2b. caudal end of Anisakis physeteris. Detail of the structures: anal pore (ap), mucron (m).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Fig. 2 in Molecular identification and epidemiological data of Anisakis spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) larvae from Southeastern Pacific Ocean off Peru

Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA cox2 gene sequences exploring the relationships among Anisakis species. The relationship was drawn using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Posterior probability value (first) and nodal support is shown as bootstrap value (second) on the basis of 10 million generations for BI and 1000 replicates (only bootstrap values greater than 80% are shown) for ML, respectively. Scale bar indicate nucleotide substitutions per site. GenBank accession numbers are shown in parentheses. Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum was used as an outgroup.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2021View details →

Fig. 3 in Detection of Breinlia sp. (Nematoda) in the Leadbeater's possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri)

Fig. 3. Relationship of the novel Breinlia sp. Taxon (in bold-type) from lung tissue from the Leadbeater's possum with members of the Onchocercidae, established by phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) sequence data employing the Bayesian method. Posterior probabilities are indicated at nodes. Mastophorus muris was used as an outgroup.