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opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Data: Salt marsh litter quality and decomposition under sea-level rise scenarios: from leaves to fine absorptive roots

litter chemical characteristic in salt marshes, including fine absorptive roots, fine transportive roots, rhizomes and leaves.  mass loss of litter and chemical characteristics of those litter under sea level scenarios (manipulated in situ)

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Dataset Mayen et al_Temporal variations of water carbon and atmospheric carbon dioxide fluxes in a temperate salt marsh and influence of aquatic metabolism

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Dataset: Participatory surveillance reveals marsh deer mortality event during an extraordinary flood in Ibera wetlands, Argentina

This is the dataset for the paper titled: Participatory surveillance reveals marsh deer mortality event during an extraordinary flood in Ibera wetlands, Argentina.

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Data from: N-mixture models estimate abundance reliably: a field test on Marsh Tit using time-for-space substitution

Imperfect detection in field studies on animal abundance, including birds, is common and can be corrected for in various ways. The binomial N-mixture (hereafter binmix) model developed for this task is widely used in ecological studies owing to its simplicity: it requires replicated count results as the input. However, it may overestimate abundance and be sensitive to even small violations of its assumptions. We used a 33-year dataset on the Marsh Tit, Poecile palustris, a sedentary forest passerine, from Białowieża Forest, Poland to validate inference from binmix models by comparing model-estimated abundances to the true number of breeding pairs within the plots, determined by exhaustive population study. The abundance estimates, derived from six springtime (April-May) counts of males on each plot in each year, were highly reliable: 116 out of 132 year-plot estimates (88%) included the true number of pairs within the 95% confidence intervals. Over- and underestimations were thus rare and similarly frequent (9 and 12 cases, respectively), with a tendency to overestimate at low densities and underestimate at high densities. Marsh Tits sing rarely but the frequency of countersinging increases with abundance, leading to non-independence in detections. When accounted for in a submodel for detection, the per-survey number of countersinging events positively affected detection probability but only weakly affected abundance estimates. Simulations further demonstrate that this property, overestimation at low densities and underestimation at high densities, may be a systematic bias of binmix model even if density-dependent detection is absent. While the behaviour of binmix models in specific situations requires more study, we conclude that these models are a valid tool to estimate abundance reliably when intensive population monitoring is not feasible.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2016View details →

Fig. 1 in A New Talitrid Genus and Species, Lowryella wadai, from Estuarine Reed Marshes of Western Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae)

Fig. 1. Sampling sites of Lowryella wadai gen. et sp. nov.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Spatial and temporal variations in salt marsh microorganisms of the Wadden Sea

Salt marshes exist at the interface of the marine and the terrestrial system. Shore height differences and associated variations in inundation frequency result in altered abiotic conditions, plant communities and resource input into the belowground system. These factors result in three unique zones, the upper salt marsh (USM), the lower salt marsh (LSM) and the pioneer zone (PZ). Marine detritus, such as micro- and macroalgae, is typically flushed into the PZ daily, with storm surges moving both salt marsh detritus and marine detritus into higher salt marsh zones. Microbial assemblages are essential for the decomposition of organic matter and have been shown to sensitively respond to changes in abiotic conditions, such as oxygen supply and salinity. However, temporal and spatial dynamics of microbial communities of Wadden Sea salt marshes received little attention. We investigated the dynamics of soil microbial communities across horizontal (USM, LSM and PZ), vertical (0-5 and 5-10 cm sediment depth) and temporal (spring, summer and autumn) scales in the Wadden Sea salt marsh of the European North Atlantic coast using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Our results show strong spatial dynamics both among salt marsh zones and between sediment depths, but temporal dynamics to be only minor. Despite varying in space and time, PLFA markers indicated that bacteria generally were the dominant microbial group across salt marsh zones and seasons, however, their dominance was most pronounced in the USM, whereas fungal biomass peaked in the LSM and algal biomass in the PZ. Only algal markers and the stress marker monounsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio responded to seasonality. Overall, therefore the results indicate remarkable temporal stability of salt marsh microbial communities despite strong variability in abiotic factors.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2019View details →

Fig. 1 in Size-At-Age Variability And Sexual Dimorphism Of Morphometric Characteristics In The Late Ontogenesis Of The Marsh Frog, Pelophylax Ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae), From Terrytory Of Crimea

Fig. 1. Measurement system for tailess amphibians according to the standard methods.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

Trophic structure and origin of resources of soil macrofauna in the salt marsh of the Wadden Sea: a stable isotope (15N,13C) study

Salt marshes exist along the gradient of the marine mudflat to the terrestrial dunes, with a gradient of shore height and associated plant zonation. The lower salt marsh (LSM) extends from the mean high tidal level to 35 cm above that level and is followed by the upper salt marsh (USM). Despite changes in the amount of allochthonous marine input and in abiotic conditions, little is known about changes in the trophic structure and used of basal resources by the soil macrofauna along marine – terrestrial boundaries. Natural variations in carbon stable isotope ratios (δ¹³C signatures) allow insight into basal resources of consumers such as marine algae, terrestrial C3 and C4 photosynthesising plants. Furthermore, variations in nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ¹5N signatures) allow insight into the trophic position of consumers. We investigated spatial and temporal changes in stable isotope signatures in salt marsh soil macrofauna of the island of Spiekeroog, German Wadden Sea. The range of δ¹⁵N signatures indicated no changes in food chain length across salt marsh zones with consumers in both zones comprising primary decomposer, secondary decomposer and first order predators. However, the trophic position of individual species changed between zones, but in particular with season. Contrasting δ¹⁵N signatures, the range in δ¹³C signatures in the LSM was twice that in the USM indicating a wider range of resources consumed. Bayesian mixing models indicated predominant autochthonous resource use in both the LSM and USM, with the use of marine allochthonous resources never exceeding 29.6%. However, the models also indicate an increase in the use of marine resources in certain species in the LSM with no use in the USM. Overall, the results indicate that the resource use of salt marsh macrofauna varies more in space than in time, with the food web being generally based on autochthonous rather than allochthonous resources. However, there also is trophic plasticity in certain species across both temporal and spatial scales including variations in the use of allochthonous resources. Generally, however, marine input contributes little to the nutrition of salt marsh soil macroinvertebrates.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

Source data for: Nesting success of Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) in marshes in an anthropogenic landscape

Recent analyses show significant population declines in many abundant avian species, especially marsh-nesting species including the Red-winged Blackbird (RWBL). Hypothesized causes include reduced nesting success resulting from changing land use patterns and exposure to contaminants. Our goal was to test the hypothesis that landscape and nest characteristics as well as exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) correlate with nesting success. From 2008-2014, we measured clutch size, egg and nestling mass, hatching and fledging success, and daily survival of 1293 RWBL nests from 32 marshes in the Hudson River valley of New York. Using generalized linear effect and survival models, we found that: (1) Julian date was negatively related to hatching success and clutch size but positively related to egg mass; (2) nest height was negatively related to hatching success; (3) nestling mass decreased with increased nest density and distance to edges; (4) fledging success was significantly lower in nests closer to the ground that were far from water; and (5) clutch size and daily survival were higher in nests farther from water. Results showed that nesting success was correlated with variables associated with flooding, population density, and predation and provided no support for the predicted negative effects of PCB exposure.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2018View details →

Estimates of tidal-marsh bird densities using Bayesian networks

This data set was generated by Wiest, WA, MD Correll, BG Marcot, BJ Olsen, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman, GR Gunterspergen, and WG Shriver. 2019. Estimates of tidal marsh bird densities using Bayesian networks. Journal of Wildlife Management 83:109-120 (paper available here <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21567">https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21567</a>) and was developed by the Saltmarsh Habitat and Avian Research Program (https://www.tidalmarshbirds.org/). The same data set has subsequently been used in other papers produced by our group.

opencc-zeroAug 2022View details →

Data from: Hindcast-validated species distribution models reveal future vulnerabilities of mangroves and salt marsh species

Rapid climate change threatens biodiversity via habitat loss, range shifts, increases in invasive species, novel species interactions, and other unforeseen changes. Coastal and estuarine species are especially vulnerable to the impacts of climate change due to sea level rise and may be severely impacted in the next several decades. Species distribution modeling can project the potential future distributions of species under scenarios of climate change using bioclimatic data and georeferenced occurrence data. However, models projecting suitable habitat into the future are impossible to ground truth. One solution is to develop species distribution models for the present and project them to periods in the recent past where distributions are known to test model performance before making projections into the future. Here, we develop models using abiotic environmental variables to quantify the current suitable habitat available to eight Neotropical coastal species: four mangrove species and four salt marsh species. Using a novel model validation approach that leverages newly available monthly climatic data from 1960-2018, we project these niche models into two time periods in the recent past (i.e., within the past half-century) when either mangrove or salt marsh dominance was documented via other data sources. Models were hindcast-validated and then used to project the suitable habitat of all species at four time periods in the future under a model of climate change. For all future time periods, the projected suitable habitat of mangrove species decreased, and suitable habitat declined more severely in salt marsh species.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2017View details →

Figs 1–6. Scirtidae. 1, 2 in The marsh beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) of Kemerovo region, Russia

Figs 1–6. Scirtidae. 1, 2 – Contacyphon sp., female genitalia: 1 – in reflected light, 2 – in

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Global soil organic carbon in tidal marshes version 1

[Please note: The current version is incorrect as the prediction values are maxed out to 256 due to a data formatting error when preparing the tiles for the Zenodo upload. We apologize for the inconvenience, and are in the process of preparing a new upload of the data.] This dataset is the first version of the predictions, expected model error, and area of applicability of the global soil organic carbon in tidal marshes at a 30 m resolution. All methods are provided in detail in the accompanying Nature Communications paper, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54572-9">Maxwell et al. (2024)</a> Soil carbon in the world's tidal marshes. Tidal marsh extent map <ul> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.26.542433">Worthington et al. (2023)</a> The distribution of global tidal marshes from earth observation data. bioRxiv. </li> </ul> Training data <ul> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02633-x">Maxwell et al. (2023)</a> Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshes. Scientific Data.</li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17098">Holmquist et al. (2024)</a> The Coastal Carbon Library and Atlas: Open source soil data and tools supporting blue carbon research and policy. Global Change Biology. </li> <li>Citations for the training data from the above-mentioned syntheses are available <a href="https://github.com/Tania-Maxwell/global-marshC-map/blob/main/reports/02_data_process/data/map_training_data.bib">here</a>.</li> </ul> Model  <ul> <li>Code available on <a href="https://github.com/Tania-Maxwell/global-marshC-map/tree/main">Github</a>.</li> <li>3D soil modelling approach: <a href="https://soilmapper.org/">Hengl & MacMillan (2019)</a>. Predictive Soil Mapping with R.</li> <li>Random forest model: <a href="https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v028.i05">Kuhn (2008)</a>. Building Predictive Models in R Using the caret Package. J. Stat. Softw. </li> <li>k-NNDM spatial cross validation: <a href="https://hannameyer.github.io/CAST/">Meyer, Milà & Ludwig (2022)</a>. CAST: ‘caret’ Applications for Spatial-Temporal Models. </li> <li>Area of applicability: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29838-9">Meyer & Pebesma (2022)</a>. Machine learning-based global maps of ecological variables and the challenge of assessing them. Nature Communications.</li> </ul> <h2>Description of files</h2> <ul> <li>GRID.zip: shapefile with the location of each tile in the zipped folders below </li> <li>Final_predicted_SOC_both_layers.png: final predicted tidal marsh soil organic carbon (SOC) for a) the 0-30 cm soil layer and b) the 30-100 cm soil layer (aggregated per 2° cell). </li> </ul> Area of applicability  <ul> <li>aoa0.zip: the area of applicability (AOA) mask for the 0-30 cm layer. Pixels with an AOA value of 0 or 0.5 are considered outside the AOA; with an AOA value of 1 are considered inside the AOA.</li> <li>aoa30.zip: the area of applicability (AOA) mask for the 30-100 cm layer. Pixels with an AOA value of 0 or 0.5 are considered outside the AOA; with an AOA value of 1 are considered inside the AOA.</li> </ul> Final predictions and expected error  <ul> <li>pred0_aoa.zip: predicted soil organic carbon for the 0-30 cm layer (Mg C ha-1), masked by the area of applicability.</li> <li>pred30_aoa.zip: predicted soil organic carbon for the 30-100 cm layer (Mg C ha-1), masked by the area of applicability.</li> <li>err0_aoa.zip: expected model error for the 0-30 cm layer (Mg C ha-1), masked by the area of applicability. </li> <li>err30_aoa.zip: expected model error for the 30-100 cm layer (Mg C ha-1), masked by the area of applicability. </li> </ul> Initial predictions and expected error <ul> <li>pred0.zip: predicted soil organic carbon for the 0-30 cm layer (Mg C ha-1).</li> <li>pred30.zip: predicted soil organic carbon for the 30-100 cm layer (Mg C ha-1).</li> <li>err0.zip: expected model error for the 0-30 cm layer for all tidal marsh extent pixels (Mg C ha-1).</li> <li>err30.zip: expected model error for the 30-100 cm layer for all tidal marsh extent pixels (Mg C ha-1).</li> </ul>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2017View details →

Fig. 2. A in Physiological Responses Of Rare Coastal Salt Marsh Plant Triglochin Maritima L. To Soil Chemical Heterogeneity

Fig. 2. A typical morphology of T. maritima plants grown in different substrates for 7 weeks.

Fig. 4 in Arthropods associated with carrion in a salt marsh habitat in southeastern Florida

Fig. 4. Arthropod diversity (immature and adult) on opossum during summer 2010.

Fig. 5 in Arthropods associated with carrion in a salt marsh habitat in southeastern Florida

Fig. 5. Arthropod diversity (immature and adult) on raccoon during fall 2010.

Fig. 2 in Arthropods associated with carrion in a salt marsh habitat in southeastern Florida

Fig. 2. Arthropod diversity (immature and adult) on coyote during winter 2009.

Fig. 1 in Arthropods associated with carrion in a salt marsh habitat in southeastern Florida

Fig. 1. Arthropod diversity (immature and adult) on bobcat and otter during fall 2009.

Fig. 3 in Arthropods associated with carrion in a salt marsh habitat in southeastern Florida

Fig. 3. Arthropod diversity (immature and adult) on raccoon during spring 2010.