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opennotspecifiedJan 2021View details →

FIGURE 5. Pestalotiopsis hydei. a. Colony top view. b. Colony reverse view. c in Additions to pestalotioid fungi in Thailand: Neopestalotiopsis hydeana sp. nov. and Pestalotiopsis hydei sp. nov.

FIGURE 5. Pestalotiopsis hydei. a. Colony top view. b. Colony reverse view. c. Conidiomata on PDA. d–e. Conidiogenous cells. f–k. Conidia. Scale bars d, e = 10 µm, f–k = 20 µm.

opennotspecifiedJan 2021View details →

FIGURE 3. Neopestalotiopsis hydeana. a. Colony top view. b. Colony reverse view. c in Additions to pestalotioid fungi in Thailand: Neopestalotiopsis hydeana sp. nov. and Pestalotiopsis hydei sp. nov.

FIGURE 3. Neopestalotiopsis hydeana. a. Colony top view. b. Colony reverse view. c. Conidiomata on PDA. d–f. Conidiogenous cells. g–k. Conidia. Scale bars d = 20 µm, e–g = 10 µm, h–k = 10 µm.

opennotspecifiedOct 2021View details →

FIGURE. Helminthosporium velutinum (HKAS 107064, new host record and a new record from Guizhou Province) a–c. Colony on the substrate. d. Conidiophores. e–g. Conidiophore and conidia. h–l. Conidia. m. Germinating conidium. n, o. Culture on PDA from. n. above o. below after 4 weeks. Scale bars: d = 100 μm, e–g =50 μm, h–m = 20 μm. in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau: a mycological hotspot

FIGURE. Helminthosporium velutinum (HKAS 107064, new host record and a new record from Guizhou Province) a–c. Colony on the substrate. d. Conidiophores. e–g. Conidiophore and conidia. h–l. Conidia. m. Germinating conidium. n, o. Culture on PDA from. n. above o. below after 4 weeks. Scale bars: d = 100 μm, e–g =50 μm, h–m = 20 μm.

opennotspecifiedOct 2021View details →

FIGURE. Myrmecridium schulzeri (IFRD500–012) a, b. Colonies on natural substrate. c–e. Conidiophores with conidia. f, g. Conidiogenous cells with conidia. h–l. Conidia. m Germinating conidia on PDA. n, o. Culture on PDA, n. from front, o. from reverse. Scale bars: c–e, h = 20 μm, m = 10 μm, f, g = 5 μm, i–l = 2 μm. in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau: a mycological hotspot

FIGURE. Myrmecridium schulzeri (IFRD500–012) a, b. Colonies on natural substrate. c–e. Conidiophores with conidia. f, g. Conidiogenous cells with conidia. h–l. Conidia. m Germinating conidia on PDA. n, o. Culture on PDA, n. from front, o. from reverse. Scale bars: c–e, h = 20 μm, m = 10 μm, f, g = 5 μm, i–l = 2 μm.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

Replication Package for: "Pre-Colonial Warfare and Long-Run Development in India"

Data and code to replicate all the results in the article Dincecco, Mark; Fenske, James; Menon, Anil; and Mukherjee, Shivaji "Pre-Colonial Warfare and Long-Run Development in India," Economic Journal.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Images of H9 cell colonies and code for phenotype classification

The dataset and code are part of the following manuscript submitted for publication in International Journal of Molecular Sciences (MDPI): "Quality Control of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Colonies by Computational Image Analysis using Convolutional Neural Networks" by Anastasiya Mamaeva, Olga Krasnova, Konstantin Kozlov, Vitaly Gursky, Maria Samsonova and Irina Neganova

opennotspecifiedNov 2022View details →

Species of Acantholichen occurring only in the Neotropics show a high degree of endemism (Dal Forno et al. 2016). Of the seven species now recognized in this genus (Table 2), 71.4% (5) are known only from South America. As with Dictyonema, Acantholichen seem to be specific to substrate type and appears in the Andean small forest occurring on mosses in tree bark inhabiting mostly exposed habitats. Cyphellostereum is also represented by a high number of species restricted to the Neotropics [6 (66.6%)], while one is known only from North America, one from Southeastern United States and Puerto Rico, and another species is known only from Borneo and Fiji (Table 2). It is probably due to their unusual appearance that these lichens are getting confused with free-living cyanobacteria colonies, and that there are still undescribed species in the Neotropics. in Eight new species of lichenized Basidiomycota in the genera Acantholichen, Cyphellostereum and Dictyonema s.str. (Agaricales, Hygrophoraceae) from northern South America

Species of Acantholichen occurring only in the Neotropics show a high degree of endemism (Dal Forno et al. 2016). Of the seven species now recognized in this genus (Table 2), 71.4% (5) are known only from South America. As with Dictyonema, Acantholichen seem to be specific to substrate type and appears in the Andean small forest occurring on mosses in tree bark inhabiting mostly exposed habitats. Cyphellostereum is also represented by a high number of species restricted to the Neotropics [6 (66.6%)], while one is known only from North America, one from Southeastern United States and Puerto Rico, and another species is known only from Borneo and Fiji (Table 2). It is probably due to their unusual appearance that these lichens are getting confused with free-living cyanobacteria colonies, and that there are still undescribed species in the Neotropics.

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Genotypes at 10 microsatellite loci for 8 perennial, polygyne colonies of Vespula squamosa

Many highly social species show plasticity in their social structure in response to different environmental conditions. For example, typical colonies of the yellowjacket wasp Vespula squamosa are headed by a single reproductive queen and survive for only a single season. However, in warmer climates, V. squamosa colonies sometimes persist for multiple years and can grow to extremely large size. We used genetic markers to understand patterns of reproduction and recruitment within these perennial colonies. We genotyped V. squamosa workers, pre-reproductive queens, and males from perennial colonies in the southeastern United States at 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci and one mitochondrial DNA locus. We found that V. squamosa from perennial nests were produced by multiple reproductives, in contrast to typical annual colonies. Relatedness of nestmates from perennial colonies was significantly lower than relatedness of nestmates from annual colonies. Our analyses of mitochondrial DNA indicated that most V. squamosa perennial colonies represented semi-closed systems whereby all individuals belonged to a single matriline despite the presence of multiple reproductive females. However, new queens recruited into perennial colonies apparently mated with non-nestmate males. Notably, perennial and annual colonies did not show significant genetic differences, supporting the hypothesis that perennial colony formation represents an instance of social phenotypic plasticity. Overall, our results indicate that perennial V. squamosa colonies show substantial changes to their social biology compared to typical annual colonies.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Spatial and temporal resource partitioning in a mixed-species colony of avian echolocators

Resource partitioning may facilitate the coexistence of sympatric species with similar ecological requirements. Here, we study a colony of unusual echolocating birds called swiftlets, which nest underground on an island off the coast of Singapore. The colony comprises two congeneric swiftlet species, black-nest swiftlets (Aerodramus maximus) and edible-nest swiftlets (A. fuciphagus), nesting at high densities and in close proximity. Bioacoustic recordings and monitoring of nesting biology at the site across multiple seasons revealed significant differences in echolocation calls as well as survival rates between the species, with the larger black-nest swiftlet nesting at locations with the highest fledging rates. We also observe an additional off-season breeding peak by the smaller species, the edible-nest swiftlet. Unexpectedly, off-season egg hatching rates were significantly higher compared to rates during the shared breeding season (mean difference = 14%). Our study on the breeding biology of these echolocating cave-dwelling birds provides an example of spatial and temporal strategies that animals employ to partition resources within a confined habitat.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Data for manuscript Trans-generational immune priming against American Foulbrood does not affect the performance of honeybee colonies

Data used in analysis for manuscript Trans-generational immune priming against American Foulbrood does not affect the performance of honeybee colonies

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Development of microsatellite markers for colony delineation of the invasive Asian subterranean termite in South Florida and Taiwan

Delineating the colony identity of Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) is a core issue of colony elimination in the implementation of subterranean termite baiting systems. Invasion history is believed the possible cause of genetic variabilities among colonies. Haplotype network analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II revealed the multiple origins of American C. gestroi from the Philippines and Southeast Asia and the Taiwan population only from the Philippines. We further developed 21 new microsatellite markers for the comparison of genetic variabilities on colony delineation of C. gestroi colonies from South Florida (invaded ~30 years; 3–7 generations) and Taiwan (~110 years; 13–27 generations). The present microsatellite markers with 1–4 alleles per locus have validated the effectiveness of colony delineation for three incipient colonies reared in the laboratory and three field colonies from Taiwan. Genetic admixture of the Floridian C. gestroi probably caused by recent invasion history, multiple invasions, and anthropogenic activities among regions. A possible introduction event likely occurred through human-mediated activities between Fort Lauderdale and Miami. Overall, these new microsatellite markers provide suitable and efficient candidate genetic markers for colony delineation of C. gestroi to consolidate the effectiveness of the colony elimination system in termite management.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

Data from: Policing is more effective against eggs of non-natal versus natal workers at early colony stages in a bumblebee

Eusocial insect colonies are vulnerable to exploitation by egg-laying workers arising either as natal reproductive workers or as non-natal reproductive 'drifting' workers (intraspecific social parasites). Worker egg-laying is potentially costly to the colony, but queens and workers can counter its costs via egg-eating (queen or worker policing). Bumblebee colonies exhibit egg laying by both natal and non-natal workers: natal workers collectively lay more eggs but do so only after a specific point in the colony cycle, the 'competition point', whereas non-natal workers potentially lay eggs throughout the colony cycle. These features create a special opportunity to investigate whether policing of worker-laid eggs is context-dependent (i.e. depends on worker origin of eggs and/or colony stage). We introduced artificial egg cells containing eggs laid by either natal or non-natal workers into colonies of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris both before and after their competition points, and observed the fate of introduced egg cells and eggs. In both colony stages, the majority of introduced egg cells and eggs were policed, demonstrating that policing was not activated only after the competition point. However, in the pre-competition point stage alone, a smaller proportion of non-natal workers' eggs (15%) remained after 20 h compared to the proportion of natal workers' eggs remaining (24%). More effective policing of non-natal workers' eggs early in the colony cycle potentially represents an adaptive, context-dependent response to the stage in the cycle when all worker-laid eggs are normally unrelated to the natal colony.

Figure 4. a in One tree, many colonies: colony structure, breeding system and colonization events of host trees in tunnelling Melissotarsus ants

Figure 4. a, number of matings per queen for each monogyne colony in each population. b, relatedness values among nestmate workers for each colony. Arrows indicate relatedness values between alate queens (rA-A) and the triangle indicates relatedness value between queens in the SL11 polygyne colony.

Figure 3 in One tree, many colonies: colony structure, breeding system and colonization events of host trees in tunnelling Melissotarsus ants

Figure 3. Clustering of nests in the overall sampling using principal component analysis of the microsatellite markers. Clustering analyses were subsequently run for each of the four populations of nests.

Figure 1 in One tree, many colonies: colony structure, breeding system and colonization events of host trees in tunnelling Melissotarsus ants

Figure 1. Geographic positions of the 34 nests of Melissotarsus sampled in four localities in South Africa, and one pooled sample from Mozambique. Insets indicate sampling positions of nests within the localities of uMkhuze (left) and St Lucia (right). Nests located on the same branch or tree are indicated with the same label.

Figure 2 in One tree, many colonies: colony structure, breeding system and colonization events of host trees in tunnelling Melissotarsus ants

Figure 2. Graphical representation of STRUCTURE results determining the number of genetic groups in the overall dataset for different values of K. Each genetic group is characterized by a colour; and each individual is represented by a vertical bar according to its probability of belonging to each group. Distinct simulations were subsequently run for the four populations, separately. In each population, grey bars below the plot indicate different colonies assigned to a single genetic group by STRUCTURE (only the pairs EC1/2 and CEc/ma are not significant using the G-test of differentiation).

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Images of colony growth for 224 Arabidopsis thaliana bacterial strains on 46 carbon sources

This repository contains all data necessary to score colony growth on agar plates using the software tool 'platescan' (github.com/MicrobiologyETHZ/platescan) for the strains presented in Schäfer, Pacheco, et al. The growth of the 224 strains was split into 3 screens. Rounds 1, 2, and half of 3 comprised the core of the screen for all strains, and the second half of 3 comprised the validation set for computing the false discovery rate. The directories containing the images, as well as their corresponding metadata files, are named accordingly:     pictures_7dps_screen_*: folders contain pictures of screening plates to assess growth on tested garbon sources. Pictures were taken 7 days after spotting strains on the plates.     *_d7_filenames.txt: files link the picture filename to the carbon source that was tested. In addition the screening round and the plate number within the screening round is indicated.     strain_metadata_screen*.txt: files indicate the position of the strains on the test plates [row (alphabetical), row (numbered), column (numbered)] and additional comments relevant for analysis (swarmer). Screen_nr and plate_number allow to link data to the corresponding pictures. This repository additionally includes a script to perform downstream processing of the platescan software output,     plate_scan_analysis.R. and a file reporting the latescan output values that were manually overwritten due to contamination or poor image quality     manual_correction.txt.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

A comment on Dincecco et al. (2022): Pre-colonial warfare and long-run development in India

We test the reproducibility and replicability of Dincecco et al. (2022), which reports a positive relationship between pre-colonial interstate warfare and long-run development patterns across India. Overall, we confirm that all of the study’s estimates are computationally reproducible using the provided replication package in Stata, but note that the ease of replication could be improved by the provision of code and intermediate datasets for the conflict exposure measure. We test for and find no evidence of data manipulation in the final datasets. Concerning direct replicability, we consider different ways of measuring distance to conflicts and also alternative proxies for both the dependent variable and variables which capture channels by which the main effects operate. We find that some estimates are sensitive to the type of con- flict considered. Other estimates are sensitive to the time period considered, most likely due to time heterogeneity in the number of conflicts recorded. Nevertheless, most estimates are substantially in line with the original study

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Os povos indígenas no Brasil colonial e contemporâneo, resistência e História

O estatuto colonial dos povos indígenas no Brasil é o ponto de partida para uma conversa com Pedro Cardim, no primeiro episódio de «CHAM Talks, um podcast para ouvir ciência». Nesta entrevista fala-se sobre os motivos da colonização portuguesa do Brasil, as diferentes formas como os europeus encaravam as populações locais, a relação entre violência e agricultura, o impacto nas relações sociais do uso de mão-de-obra intensiva, a tenaz resistência indígena ao poder colonial (através de acções militares, motins, apelo a tribunais, manutenção de traços culturais, etc.), o papel das ordens religiosas na aculturação das sociedades locais e a persistência em alguns sectores brasileiros no século XXI de uma insensibilidade em relação às especificidades das culturas indígenas. Pedro Cardim é Investigador Integrado Doutorado do CHAM e Professor Associado com Agregação no Departamento de História da Universidade NOVA de Lisboa. Trabalhando no âmbito dos Estudos Ibéricos e Ibero-Americanos, Pedro Cardim investiga História do Colonialismo e História Constitucional na época moderna. Autor de mais de uma centena de artigos, livros e capítulos de livros, foi Professor Visitante em instituições como École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociaes (Paris), New York University e Université de Toulouse Jean Jaurès. A entrevista é conduzida por José Alberto Catalão.