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FIGURE 12 in Description of a new Oriental stonefly species, Phanoperla constanspina (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcoding

FIGURE 12. Phanoperla constanspina sp. nov. male nymph. (A) Suture of anterolateral submental lobes. (B) Mesosternum posterior margin pointing fringes of hairs. (C) One pair of posterocoxal gill of hindleg.

FIGURE 7 in Description of a new Oriental stonefly species, Phanoperla constanspina (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcoding

FIGURE 7. Phenotypic variation of six adult male Phanoperla constanspina sp. nov. based on the shape and structure of hemitergites (HT) and unbranched anterior process (AP), adorned with variable short setae on tergum 9. (A) (Haplotype: A- G23.m) Medium-sized AP, body and slightly bent on the pointed apex, setal patches isolated from each other. (B) (Haplotype: A-H7.m) AP small and pointed, setae located above the apical tip adjacent to each other. (C) (Haplotype: A-H16.m) Plump base and small AP (Fig. 5), with slightly pointed tip, paired setal patches adjacent and overlapping. (D) (Haplotype: A-H12.m) Medium and longer AP, bent on the inner side near the apex, setal patches fused, distributed along and near the process. (E) (Haplotype: A-E23.m) AP blunt on the tip in a medium-sized body, setal patches adjacent. (F) (Haplotype: A-H11.m) HT and AP broad and plump, resembling a hook-like structure at the tip, setal patches adjacent.

FIGURE 2 in Description of a new Oriental stonefly species, Phanoperla constanspina (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcoding

FIGURE 2. Phanoperla constanspina sp. nov. male wing. (2A) Right forewing, showing the forking of Cu2 from Cu1. (2B) Right hindwing. Scale = 1.00 mm.

FIGURES 1 in Description of a new Oriental stonefly species, Phanoperla constanspina (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcoding

FIGURES 1. Phanoperla constanspina sp. nov. head and pronotum. (1A) Male adult, indicating occipital line. (1B) Female adult. Scale = 1.00 mm.

FIGURES 3–4 in Description of a new Oriental stonefly species, Phanoperla constanspina (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcoding

FIGURES 3–4. Phanoperla constanspina sp. nov. male. (3) Right foreleg. (4) Abdominal sternite showing hair brushes on each segment (S5–S8). Penial capsule visible on S9. Scale = 1.00 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Description of a new Oriental stonefly species, Phanoperla constanspina (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcoding

FIGURE 5. Phanoperla constanspina sp. nov. male dorsal terminalia showing the hemitergal (arrow) and paired clumps of short setae located on medial tergum 9. Scale = 1.00 mm.

FIGURE 12 in DNA barcoding and morphological studies confirm the occurrence of three Atarbolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) species along the coastal zone of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

FIGURE 12. Unrooted Neighbour-joining phylogram of the analyzed CO1 sequences of the three studied Atarbolana species. The optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 0.35376694 is shown. Numbers next to internal branches are non-parametric bootstrap values (in %). Only values above 90% are shown. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths in the same units as those of the evolutionary distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree. Evolutionary distances were computed using the Kimura 2-parameter method and are in the units of the number of base substitutions per site. The analysis involved 28 nucleotide sequences. Codon positions included were 1st+2nd+3rd+Noncoding. All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated. There were a total of 658 positions in the final dataset.

FIGURE 10 in DNA barcoding and morphological studies confirm the occurrence of three Atarbolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) species along the coastal zone of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

FIGURE 10. Atarbolana setosa, male, (ZMSU 1014); A–C, pereopods 5–7 respectively; D, uropod dorsal view; E, uropod ventral view.

FIGURE 8 in DNA barcoding and morphological studies confirm the occurrence of three Atarbolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) species along the coastal zone of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

FIGURE 8. Atarbolana setosa, male, (ZMSU 1014); A, left mandible; B, maxillula; C, maxilla; D, maxilliped; E, maxilliped endite.

FIGURE 7 in DNA barcoding and morphological studies confirm the occurrence of three Atarbolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) species along the coastal zone of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

FIGURE 7. Atarbolana setosa, male, (ZMSU 1014); A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, pleotelson apex; D, female pleotelson; E, antennula; F, antenna.

FIGURE 5 in DNA barcoding and morphological studies confirm the occurrence of three Atarbolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) species along the coastal zone of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

FIGURE 5. Atarbolana exoconta, male, (ZMSU 1010); A–C, pereopods 5–7 respectively; D, uropod dorsal view; E, uropod ventral view.

FIGURE 3 in DNA barcoding and morphological studies confirm the occurrence of three Atarbolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) species along the coastal zone of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

FIGURE 3. Atarbolana exoconta, male, (ZMSU 1010); A, left mandible; B, maxillula; C, maxilla; D, maxilliped; E, maxilliped endite.

FIGURE 2 in DNA barcoding and morphological studies confirm the occurrence of three Atarbolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) species along the coastal zone of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

FIGURE 2. Atarbolana exoconta, male, (ZMSU 1010); A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, pleotelson apex D: pleotelson apex (Kuwait) E: pleotelson apex (Hengam Island); F, antennula; G, antenna.

FIGURES 8–12 in Morphology and DNA barcoding reveal three cryptic species within the Xylophanes neoptolemus and loelia species-groups (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

FIGURES 8–12. Drawings of diagnostic details of the male genitalia of Xylophanes loelia (Figs. 8a–c), X. lolita n. sp. (Figs. 9a–c), X. neoptolemus (Figs. 10a–c), X. balcazari n. sp. (Figs. 11a–c), and X. cthulhu n. sp. (Figs. 12a–c); a. uncus in lateral view, b. harpe, c. posterior end of the aedeagus.

FIGURES 1–4. 1a in Morphology and DNA barcoding reveal three cryptic species within the Xylophanes neoptolemus and loelia species-groups (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

FIGURES 1–4. 1a. Chaerocampa trilineata Walker, [1865], Lectotype, ♂, Venezuela; 1b. Watercolour of the original type of Sphinx neoptolemus Cramer, 1780; 2a and 2b. Xylophanes balcazari n. sp., Holotype, ♂, Mexico, Guerrero; 3a and 3b. Sphinx neoptolemus, Neotype, ♂, Venezuela, Aragua; 4a and 4b. Xylophanes cthulhu n. sp., Holotype, ♂, Guatemala, Izabal. (2a, 3a, 4a: dorsal view; 2b, 3b, 4b: ventral view).

FIGURE 13 in Morphology and DNA barcoding reveal three cryptic species within the Xylophanes neoptolemus and loelia species-groups (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

FIGURE 13. Strict consensus of the nine equally most-parsimonious cladograms (length=133, CI=0.78, RI=0.94) resulting from the phylogenetic analysis of the complete dataset of DNA barcode sequences for 38 specimens belonging to the Xylophanes neoptolemus (yellow) and X. loelia (blue) species complexes (X. cyrene, X. aglaor and X. libya are outgroup taxa). Each specimen is identified by its SampleID code (see Table 1), and the two specimens with short sequences are highlighted in boxes. The branch lengths are proportional to the number of changes (indicated on branches, optimized under FAST optimization); Bremer support and rescaled Bremer support values are given above the branches for each node, and bootstrap support values are indicated below. Clades within the X. neoptolemus complex are named after groups 1, 2 and 3 as described in the text.

FIGURES 5–7. 5a and 5b. Xylophanes lolita n in Morphology and DNA barcoding reveal three cryptic species within the Xylophanes neoptolemus and loelia species-groups (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

FIGURES 5–7. 5a and 5b. Xylophanes lolita n. sp., Holotype, ♂, Brazil, Minas Gerais; 6a and 6b. Chaerocampa loelia Druce, 1878, Lectotype, ♂, Panama, Chiriquí; 7a. Xylophanes heinrichi Closs, 1917, Holotype, ♂ "Amazonas". (5a, 6a, 7a: dorsal view; 5b, 6b: ventral view).

FIGURE 3 in Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of longnose skate (Rajiformes: Rajidae: Dipturus) from Argentinean waters based on DNA barcoding

FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Dipturus argentinensis n. sp. based on material collected. Symbols represent more than one capture. Star indicates original locality of holotype.

FIGURE 2 in Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of longnose skate (Rajiformes: Rajidae: Dipturus) from Argentinean waters based on DNA barcoding

FIGURE 2. Tail thorns of Dipturus argentinensis n. sp., immature male paratype (INIDEP 797, 617 mm TL) (A), Dipturus chilensis, immature female (INIDEP 547, 715 mm TL) (B), and Dipturus trachyderma, immature male (INIDEP 789, 1211 mm TL) (C).

FIGURE 1. Dipturus argentinensis n in Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of longnose skate (Rajiformes: Rajidae: Dipturus) from Argentinean waters based on DNA barcoding

FIGURE 1. Dipturus argentinensis n. sp., holotype, INIDEP 793, 765 mm TL, juvenile male, off central Patagonian shelf, Argentina. a–dorsal view; b– ventral view.