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opennotspecifiedOct 2020View details →

FIGURE 3 in First report of the genus Neadeloides Klima, 1939 (Lepidoptera, Crambidae Pyraustinae) in Laos, with description of a new species

FIGURE 3. Adults of Neadeloides acridentata sp. nov. 3a. Holotype, male INU–7008L. 3b. Paratype, male INU–6748L.

opennotspecifiedOct 2020View details →

FIGURE 5 in First report of the genus Neadeloides Klima, 1939 (Lepidoptera, Crambidae Pyraustinae) in Laos, with description of a new species

FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Neadeloides acridentata sp. nov. 5a. Holotype, INU–7008L. 5b. Paratype, INU–6748L.

FIGURE 10 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 10. Type localities of members of the C. wayakonei group in the northern highlands of Laos including the newly described Cyrtodactylus ngoiensis sp. nov. and Cyrtodactylus houaphanensis sp. nov., C. spelaeus, C. wayakonei and C. vilaphongi (A). Distribution of Cyrtodactylus species groups, northern karst-related C. wayakonei group, central karst-related C. phongnhakebangensis group and southern non-karst-related C. irregularis group (B).

FIGURE 9 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 9. Morphological comparison of Cyrtodactylus ngoiensis sp. nov. (female paratype: IEBR A.2013.110) and C. dumnuii. Dorsal pattern of C. dumnuii (A); dorsal pattern of Cyrtodactylus ngoiensis sp. nov. (B); arrangement of dorsal tubercles in C. ngoiensis (C); arrangement of dorsal tubercles in C. dumnuii (D). Photos: Bauer et al., 2010 (A and D), A. Teynié (B), N. Schneider (C).

FIGURE 6 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 6. Female specimen (VNUF R.2016.4) of Cyrtodactylus bansocensis from Khammouane Province. Photo: V.Q. Luu.

FIGURE 3 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 3. Details of head (dorsal view (A), lateral view right side (B), ventral view (C), lateral view left side (D)) and cloacal region (E) of the holotype of Cyrtodactylus houaphanensis sp. nov. (IEBR A.2013.109, adult male) in preservative. Photos: N. Schneider.

FIGURE 1 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 1. Bayesian cladogram based on the partial COI gene. Numbers above and below branches are bootstrap values of MP/ML analyses (>50%) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BC), respectively. Asterisk and hyphen denote 100% value and no support, respectively.

FIGURE 2 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 2. The holotype of Cyrtodactylus houaphanensis sp. nov. (IEBR A.2013.109, adult male) from Houaphan Province. Photo: A. Teynié.

FIGURE 5 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 5. Details of head (dorsal view (A), lateral view right side (B), ventral view (C), lateral view left side (D)) and cloacal region (E) of the holotype of Cyrtodactylus ngoiensis sp. nov. (IEBR 4548, adult male) in preservative. Photos: N. Schneider.

FIGURE 4 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 4. The holotype (IEBR 4548, adult male) (A) and the paratype (IEBR A.2013.110, adult female) (B) of Cyrtodactylus ngoiensis sp. nov. from Luang Prabang Province in life. Photos: A. Teynié and T.Q. Nguyen.

FIGURE 8 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 8. Morphological comparisons of C. puhuensis (A) and Cyrtodactylus houaphanensis sp. nov. (IEBR A.2013.109) (B). Photos: Nguyen, S.N. et al., 2014 (A) and A. Teynié (B).

FIGURE 7 in Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

FIGURE 7. Type localities of the newly described Cyrtodactylus species Cyrtodactylus houaphanensis sp. nov. in Houaphan Province and Cyrtodactylus ngoiensis sp. nov. in Luang Prabang Province and type locality of C. bansocensis in Khammouane Province.

opencc-zeroAug 2019View details →

dryad32/100

Data from: Diversity of bat astroviruses in Lao PDR and Cambodia

Astroviruses are known to infect humans and a wide range of animal species, and can cause gastroenteritis in their hosts. Recent studies have reported astroviruses in bats in Europe and in several locations in China. We sampled 1876 bats from 17 genera at 45 sites from 14 and 13 provinces in Cambodia and Lao PDR respectively, and tested them for astroviruses. Our study revealed a high diversity of astroviruses among various Yangochiroptera and Yinpterochiroptera bats. Evidence for varying degrees of host restriction for astroviruses in bats was found. Furthermore, additional Pteropodid hosts were detected. The astroviruses formed distinct phylogenetic clusters within the genus Mamastrovirus, most closely related to other known bat astroviruses. The astrovirus sequences were found to be highly saturated indicating that phylogenetic relationships should be interpreted carefully. An astrovirus clustering in a group with other viruses from diverse hosts, including from ungulates and porcupines, was found in a Rousettus bat. These findings suggest that diverse astroviruses can be found in many species of mammals, including bats.

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Data from: Using local ecological knowledge to monitor threatened Mekong megafauna in Lao PDR

Pressures on freshwater biodiversity in Southeast Asia are accelerating yet the status and conservation needs of many of the region's threatened fish species are unclear. This impacts the ability to implement conservation activities and to understand the effects of infrastructure developments and other hydrological changes. We used Local Ecological Knowledge from fishing communities on the Mekong River in the Siphandone waterscape, Lao PDR to estimate mean and mode last capture dates of eight rare or culturally significant fish species in order to provide conservation monitoring baselines. One hundred and twenty fishermen, from six villages, were interviewed. All eight species had been captured, by at least one of the interviewees, within the waterscape within the past year. However the mean and mode last capture dates varied between the species. Larger species, and those with higher Red List threat status, were caught less recently than smaller species of less conservation concern. The status of the Critically Endangered Pangasius sanitwongsei (mean last capture date 116.4 months) is particularly worrying suggesting severe population decline although cultural issues may have caused this species to have been under-reported. This highlights that studies making use of Local Ecological Knowledge need to understand the cultural background and context from which data is collected. Nevertheless we recommend our approach, of stratified random interviews to establish mean last capture dates, may be an effective methodology for monitoring freshwater fish species of conservation concern within artisanal fisheries. If fishing effort remains relatively constant, or if changes in fishing effort are accounted for, differences over time in mean last capture dates are likely to represent changes in the status of species. We plan to repeat our interview surveys within the waterscape as part of a long-term fish-monitoring program.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

dryad32/100

Data from: Bionomics and insecticide resistance of the arboviral vector Aedes albopictus in northern Lao PDR

In the last four decades there has been a staggering increase in the geographical range of the arboviral vector Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894). This species is now found in every continent except Antarctica, increasing the distribution of arboviral diseases such as dengue and chikungunya. In Lao PDR dengue epidemics occur regularly, with cases of chikungunya also reported. As treatment methods for arboviral diseases is limited, the control of the vector mosquitoes are essential. There is a paucity of information on the bionomics and resistance status of this mosquito for successful vector control efforts. Here we describe the bionomics and insecticide resistance status of Ae. albopictus in Laos to identify opportunities for control. Adult Ae. albopictus were collected using human-baited double bed net (HDN) traps in forests, villages and rubber plantations and tested for alpha- and flaviviruses with RT-PCR. Surveys were also conducted to identify larval habitats. Seven adult and larval populations originating from Vientiane Capital and Luang Prabang province were tested against DDT, malathion, permethrin, deltamethrin and, temephos following WHO protocols. Aedes albopictus were found throughout the year, but were six-fold greater in the rainy season than the dry season. Adult females were active for 24 hours, with peak of behaviour at 18.00 h. The secondary forest and rubber plantation samples showed evidence of Pan-flaviviruses, while samples from the villages did not. More than half of the emerged Ae. albopictus were collected from mature rubber plantations (53.9%; 1,533/2,845). Most Ae. albopictus mosquitoes emerged from latex collection cups (19.7%; 562/2,845), small water containers (19.7%; 562/2,845) and tyres (17.4%; 495/2,845). Adult mosquitoes were susceptible to pyrethroids, apart from one population in Vientiane city. All populations were resistant to DDT (between 27–90% mortality) and all except one were resistant to malathion (20–86%). Three of the seven larval populations were resistant to temephos (42–87%), with suspected resistance found in three other populations (92–98%).This study demonstrates that rural areas in northern Laos are potential hot spots for arboviral disease transmission. Multiple-insecticide resistance was found. Aedes albopictus control efforts in villages need to expand to include secondary forests and rubber plantations, with larval source management and limited use of insecticides.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Figs. 93-97. 93-95 in Spiders from Laos with descriptions of new species (Arachnida: Araneae)

Figs. 93-97. 93-95 Pseudopoda houaphan spec. nov. Female holotype from Muong You (L16). 93 Epigynum, ventral view; 94 internal duct system, dorsal view; 95 schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view. 96-97. Rhitymna plana Jäger 2003. Female from Muong You (L16). 96 Epigynum, ventral view; 97 internal duct system, dorsal view, ab — anterior bands of epigynal field.

Figs. 39-45. 39-42 in Spiders from Laos with descriptions of new species (Arachnida: Araneae)

Figs. 39-45. 39-42 Polyboea sp. cf. zonaformis Zhang, Zhu & Song 2004 from Muang Sing (L3). 39-40 Epigynum, ventral view (variation); 41 internal duct system, dorsal view; 42 schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view; 43 female carrying egg-sac (in original habitat). 44-46 Thalassius sp. cf. paralbocinctus Zhang, Zhu & Song 2004 from Vang Vieng (L23). 44 Epigynum, ventral view; 45 internal duct system, dorsal view (left side partly broken off); 46 female (in original habitat, in foliage about 1 m above ground), ab — accessory bulb, am — anterior margin of lateral lobe, ca — carina, fo — fossa (pits on carina), hs — head of spermathecae, ss — slit sense

Fig. 92 in Spiders from Laos with descriptions of new species (Arachnida: Araneae)

Fig. 92. Storenomorpha anne spec. nov. Male from Phou Si, Luang Prabang, habitus (in original habitat).

Figs. 83 in Spiders from Laos with descriptions of new species (Arachnida: Araneae)

Figs. 83~91. Storenomorpha anne spec. nov. Male holotype (83-86) and female paratype (87—91) from Phou Si (L10). 83-85 Male pedipalpus (83 ventral, 84 retrolateral, 85 dorsal view); 86 eye arrangement, dorsal view; 87 epigynum, ventral view; 88 internal duct system, dorsal view; 89 schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view; 90 pre-epigynum, ventral view, c — conductor, ms — median septum, ta — tegular apophysis.

Figs. 26- 34. Eurychoera quadrimaculata Thorell 1897 in Spiders from Laos with descriptions of new species (Arachnida: Araneae)

Figs. 26- 34. Eurychoera quadrimaculata Thorell 1897. Male (26-28) and females (29-34) from Singapore (26-29: Mac Ritchie Reservoir; 30: Peirce Reservoir; 31-33, 34: syntypes, not specified). 26-27 male pedipalpus (26 ventral, 27 retrolateral view); 28 eye arrangement, dorsal view; 29-30, 31-32, 34 epigynum (29-30, 31, 34 ventral view, 32 posterior view); 33 internal duct system, dorsal view, da — distal apophysis, e — embolus.