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2,208 results for “coupling”
Model-derived backbarrier marsh width from GEOMBEST+ simulations of barrier island-marsh coupled evolution for a range of environmental conditions.
Model-derived backbarrier marsh width from GEOMBEST+ simulations of barrier island-marsh coupled evolution for a range of environmental conditions. The input parameters were varied for a range of 10 different values for each of the flux of overwash (.2-2 m^3/yr), the rate of sea level rise (1-10mm/yr), and the flux of bay sediment (2-20 m^3/yr) Each simulation was for a one meter change in sea level, starting from one of three initial conditions, an empty backbarrier basin, starting with a narrow (400m wide) backbarrier marsh, and starting with a marsh-filled (2000m wide) backbarrier basin. With 10 variants of each parameter input and 3 initial conditions, this results in 3,000 total simulations run. Each row in the spreadsheet contains the input and output values for an individual simulation. The outputs reported are the final backbarrier marsh width, defined as the distance from the backside of the barrier island to the landward most marsh cell, the change in marsh width, and the rate of change in marsh width.
Supporting Data for "A partial coupling method to isolate the roles of ocean and atmosphere in coupled climate simulations"
<p>Supporting data for "A partial coupling method to isolate the roles of the atmosphere and ocean in coupled climate simulations", submitted to Journal of Advances in modelling Earth system</p> <p>Monthly averaged variables for the 100 and 150 year fully coupled (b.e11.B1850C5CN.f09_g16.abrupt4xCO2.full.POP.100101_110012.nc) and partially coupled (b.e11.B1850C5CN.f09_g16.abrupt4xCO2.partial.POP.100101_115012.nc) abrupt CO2 quadrupling simulations and 40 yr ocean-driven partially coupled simulation (b.e11.B1850C5CN.f09_g16.prescribed.partial.POP.100101_115012.nc)</p> <p>Control simulation data is available on the NCAR HPSS /CCSM/csm/b.e11.B1850C5CN.f09_g16.005</p>
Strong-motion seismogeodesy by deeply coupling GNSS receivers and inertial measurement units
<p>Understanding the origin and mechanism of destructive earthquakes is predicated on the faithful recordings of their induced ground displacements near the clearly deformed epicentral regions. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, such as the GPS sort, have been recognized as the best, if not the only reliable, tool to measure such large displacements. This is achieved within the GNSS receivers by continuously tracking the satellite carrier-phase signals. However, GNSS receivers are likely to lose their fidelity in recording the complete and accurate displacement waveforms in case of fierce ground motions, since their carrier-phase tracking becomes instable when strained by such persistent and high dynamic stress. We hence developed an advanced GNSS receiver architecture where the dynamic stress suffered by the carrier-phase tracking components is compensated for by an embedded inertial measurement unit consisting of one accelerometer and one gyroscope. In this case, the carrier-phase signals can be tracked steadily by GNSS receivers, and the displacement accuracy can be improved from sub-centimeter to millimeter level by about 70% when the ground accelerations reach twice the gravitational acceleration. We believe that this advanced GNSS receiver will be an excellent strong-motion seismometer recording displacements directly at a few millimeter accuracy without missing any earthquake signals, even in case of fierce ground motions.</p>
Data from: Slow oscillation-spindle coupling predicts enhanced memory formation from childhood to adolescence
Precise temporal coordination of slow oscillations (SO) and sleep spindles is a fundamental mechanism of sleep-dependent memory consolidation. SO and spindle morphology changes considerably throughout development. Critically, it remains unknown how the precise temporal coordination of these two sleep oscillations develops during brain maturation and whether their synchronization indexes the development of memory networks. Here, we use a longitudinal study design spanning from childhood to adolescence, where participants underwent polysomnography and performed a declarative word-pair learning task. Performance on the memory task was better during adolescence. After disentangling oscillatory components from 1/f activity, we found frequency shifts within SO and spindle frequency bands. Consequently, we devised an individualized cross-frequency coupling approach, which demonstrates that SO-spindle coupling strength increases during maturation. Critically, this increase indicated enhanced memory formation from childhood to adolescence. Our results provide evidence that improved coordination between SOs and spindles indexes the development of sleep-dependent memory networks.
Ultrafast-Laser-induced precessional dynamics in antiferromagnetically coupled ferromagnetic thin films
<p>Open data of "Ultrafast-Laser-induced precessional dynamics in antiferromagnetically coupled ferromagnetic thin films" published in Physical Review B, xx, yy (2020)</p>
Improved effective equation for the Rashba spin-orbit coupling in semiconductor nanowires (dataset)
<p><strong>Description</strong></p> <p>This repository contains the dataset required to reproduce all the figures of the article "Samuel D. Escribano, Alfredo Levy Yeyati and Elsa Prada,<em> </em><strong><em>Improved effective equation for the Rashba spin-orbit coupling in semiconductor nanowires</em></strong>, arXiv:2001.04375 (2020)".</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Structure of the dataset</strong></p> <p>All the data is saved in Matlab file-format .mat. Their file names correspond to the figure that they plot. Together with each dataset, there is a Python script .py which plots the corresponding figure. The output of every script is the corresponding figure in PDF-format .pdf. Please, read "reedme.txt" file for further information.</p>
Data from: Shells of the bivalve Astarte moerchi give new evidence of a strong pelagic-benthic coupling shift occurring since the late 1970s in the NOW Polynya
<p>Climate changes in the Arctic may weaken the currently tight pelagic-benthic coupling. In response to decreasing sea ice cover, arctic marine systems are expected to shift from a 'sea-ice algae-benthos' to a 'phytoplankton-zooplankton' dominance. We used mollusk shells as bioarchives and fatty acid trophic markers to estimate the effects of the reduction of sea ice cover on the exported food to the seafloor. Bathyal bivalve <i>Astarte moerchi</i> that lives at 600 m depth in northern Baffin Bay reveals a clear shift in growth variations and Ba/Ca ratios since the late 1970s that we relate to a change in food availability. Fatty acid compositions of tissues show that this species feeds mainly on microalgae exported from the euphotic zone to the seabed. We thus suggest that changes in pelagic-benthic coupling are likely due to either local changes in sea ice dynamics, mediated through bottom-up regulation exerted by sea ice on phytoplankton production or to a mismatch between phytoplankton bloom and zooplankton grazing due to change in their phenology. Both possibilities allow a more regular and increased transfer of food to the seabed.</p>
A phononic crystal coupled to a transmission line via an artificial atom. Experimental data for the article figures
<p>We study a phononic crystal interacting with an articial atom - a superconducting quantum system - in the quantum regime. The phononic crystal is made of a long lattice of narrow metallic stripes on a quatz surface. The articial atom in turn interacts with a transmission line. Therefore, two degrees of freedom of different nature, acoustic and electromagnetic, are coupled with a single quantum object. A scattering spectrum of propagating electromagnetic waves on the articial atom visualizes acoustic modes of the phononic crystal. We simulate the system and found quasinormal modes of our phononic crystal and their properties. The calculations are consistent with the experimentally found modes, which are tted to the dispersion branches of the phononic crystal near the rst Brillouin zone edge. Our geometry allows to realize effects of quantum acoustics on a simple and compact phononic crystal.</p>
Neurovascular coupling and bilateral connectivity during NREM and REM sleep
<p>Hemodynamic signals in the brain are used as surrogates of neural activity, but how these hemodynamic signals depend on arousal state is poorly understood. Here, we monitored neural activity and hemodynamic signals in un-anesthetized, head-fixed mice to understand how sleep and awake states impact cerebral hemodynamics. In parallel with electrophysiological recordings, we used intrinsic optical signal imaging to measure bilateral changes in cerebral hemoglobin ([HbT]), and two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2PLSM) to measure dilations of individual arterioles. We concurrently monitored body motion, whisker movement, muscle EMG, cortical LFP, and hippocampal LFP to classify the arousal state of the mouse into awake, NREM sleep, or REM sleep. We found that mice invariably fell asleep during imaging, and these sleep states were interspersed with periods of awake. During both NREM and REM sleep, mice showed large increases in [HbT] relative to the awake state, showing increase in hemoglobin and arteriole diameter two to five times larger than those seen in response to sensory stimulation. During NREM sleep, the amplitude of bilateral low-frequency oscillations in [HbT] increased markedly, and coherency between neural activity and hemodynamic signals was higher than the awake resting and REM states. Bilateral correlations in neural activity and [HbT] were highest during NREM sleep, and lowest in the awake state. Our results show that hemodynamic signals in the cortex are strongly modulated by arousal state, with hemodynamic changes during sleep being substantially larger than sensory-evoked responses. These results underscore the critical importance of behavioral monitoring during studies of spontaneous activity, as sleep-related hemodynamics dominate measures of neurovascular coupling and functional connectivity.</p>
Decarboxylative Alkyl Coupling Promoted by NADH and Blue Light
<p>Supporting information raw data for the publication with the same title.</p> <p>NMR, HPLC and HRMS characterization data.</p>
Dataset for SciPost Phys. 9, 064 (2020) - Engineered swift equilibration of brownian particles: consequences of hydrodynamic coupling
<p> </p> <p><strong>1) "indep_tf25_Kf15_std18" and "sym3_tf35_Kf14_std25" Matlab files. </strong></p> <p>Each file is in Matlab format and contains 2 variables : "header" which contains the date, the number of samples and the sampling frequency of the acquisition, and "data" which is a 1D array. This array stores side by side the voltage corresponding to each of the four quadrants of the photodiode and the controled voltage that drives the intensity of the first laser beam (sent to the AOD).</p> <p>For example, in order to put together the voltage of the 1st quadrant of the photodiode we have to read one every 5 points from the array.</p> <p>Each file contains several protocols, depending on the duration of the protocol.</p> <p> "indep_tf25_Kf15_std18" : Those files corresponds to the response of the 1st particle to the Coupled ESE of the Figure 6</p> <p><strong>2) "Analyse_data_ESE_protocol" Matlab file </strong></p> <p>This script is written to analyse data format like the ones of this datasheet. If uses the data array to build the variance of the particle during the protocol. </p> <p>It was used to plot all the experimental results of the paper.</p> <p>"sym3_tf35_Kf14_std25" : Those files corresponds to the response of the 1st particle to the Symmetric ESE of the Figure 6</p> <p><strong>3) The "_result"</strong> is the post-treatment file obtained with the "Analyse_data_ESE_protocol" script.</p> <p><strong>4) "Figure_2" "Figure_6" "Figure_8" Matlab figures</strong></p> <p>Those Matlab files contains all the treated data (including error bars) used to plot the figures 6, 2, 8. </p> <p><strong>5) "equilibrium_correlation_fuctions' Mathematica file</strong></p> <p>This file is a computation notebook in Mathematica language that computes the expression of the correlation functions and plot them as in Figure 3</p> <p><strong>6) "Response_to_sym_protocol" Mathematica file </strong></p> <p>This file is a computation notebook in Mathematica language that, knowing the distance between the particles, predicts the variance evolution of the particles during the symmetric protocol by solving the coupled evolution equations. It was used to plot Figure 4 and for all theoretical predictions in other figures.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>All the programs are filled of comments that detail how to use them. </p>
Coupled monitoring of soil moisture and suction in pyroclastic air-fall silty soils
<p>The dataset contains the experimental field data coming from the automatic monitoring of the annual hydrological response of a shallow deposit in loose pyroclastic soils located in a mountainous area of Campania, Southern Italy. The monitoring station is installed at about 650 m a.s.l. along the northern slope of mount Cornito, about 2 km east of the town of Cervinara, that in December 1999 was involved in a rainfall-induced flowslide. The collected field data consist in: i) precipitations (measured by a rain gauge), ii) soil moisture contents (measured by TDR probes) and iii) soil matric suctions (measured by “Jet-fill” tensiometers). Suction and moisture sensors have been installed at the same depths and connected to a Campbell Scientific Inc. CR-1000 Data Logger, that allows the automatic acquisition and storage of data.</p> <p>Furthermore, the results of some laboratory flume tests carried out on a small-scale slope, reconstituted with volcanic ashes from the same site and from a nearby slope, subjected to an artificial rainwater infiltration, are attached too. Soil matric suction and moisture content were respectively measured by a miniaturised tensiometer and a TDR probe installed close to each other.</p>
Dataset for scaling of the 2d orders coupled to the Ising Model
<p>This is the data and some example analysis scripts used for the article "Phase transitions in $2$d orders coupled to the Ising model"</p>
Large flux-mediated coupling in hybrid electromechanical system with a transmon qubit
<p>The dataset contains the script and measured data to reproduce the figures shown in the publication titled "Large flux-mediated coupling in hybrid electromechanical system with a transmon qubit" written by Tanmoy Bera, Sourav Majumder, Sudhir Kumar Sahu and Vibhor Singh</p>
Data from: A test for rate-coupling of trophic and cranial evolutionary dynamics in New World bats
<p>Data supporting article Shi et al. 2021, Evolution: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14188">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14188</a></p> <p>Morphological evolution is often assumed to be causally related to underlying patterns of ecological trait evolution. However, few studies have directly tested whether evolutionary dynamics of and major shifts in ecological resource use are coupled with morphological shifts that may facilitate trophic innovation. Using diet and multivariate cranial (microCT) data, we tested whether rates of trophic and cranial evolution are coupled in the radiation of New World bats. <span>We developed a generalizable information-theoretic method for describing evolutionary rate heterogeneity across large candidate sets of multi-rate models of evolution, without relying on a single best-fitting model</span>. We found considerable variation in trophic evolutionary dynamics, in sharp contrast to a largely homogeneous cranial evolutionary process. This dichotomy is surprising given documented functional associations between overall skull morphology and trophic ecology. We suggest that assigning discrete trophic states may underestimate trophic generalism, and that this radiation could be characterized by generally labile crania that result in a homogeneous dynamic of overall high morphological rates. Overall, we discuss how trophic classification could substantively impact our interpretation of how these dynamics covary in adaptive radiations.</p>
The HCN domain couples voltage gating and cAMP response in hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels control spontaneous electrical activity in heart and brain. Binding of cAMP to the cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD) facilitates channel opening by relieving a tonic inhibition exerted by the CNBD. Despite high resolution structures of the HCN1 channel in the cAMP bound and unbound states, the structural mechanism coupling ligand binding to channel gating is unknown. Here we show that the recently identified helical HCN-domain (HCND) mechanically couples the CNBD and channel voltage sensing domain (VSD), possibly acting as a sliding crank that converts the planar rotational movement of the CNBD into a rotational upward displacement of the VSD. This mode of operation and its impact on channel gating are confirmed by computational and experimental data showing that disruption of critical contacts between the three domains affects cAMP- and voltage-dependent gating in three HCN isoforms.
Data from: The variation of grain size distribution in rock granular material in seepage process considering the mechanical-hydrological-chemical coupling effect: An experimental research
<p>As a common solid waste in geotechnical engineering, rock granular material should be properly treated and recycled. Rock granular material often coexists with water when it is used as the filling material in geotechnical engineering. Water flowing in rock granular materials is a complex progress with the mechanical-hydrological-chemical (MHC) coupling effect, i. e. the water scours in the gaps and spaces in the rock granular material structure, produces chemical reactions with rock grains, rock grains squeeze each other under the water pressure and compression leading re-breakage and producing secondary rock grains, the fine rock grains are migrated with water and rushed out. In this process, rock grain size distribution (GSD) changes, it affects the physical and mechanical characteristics of the rock granular materials, and even influences the seepage stability of the rock granular materials. To study the variation of GSD in the rock granular material considering the MHC coupling effect after the seepage process, seepage experiments of rock grain samples are carried out and analyzed in this paper. The result is expected to have a positive impact on further studies of the properties of the rock granular material.</p>
Nitrogen isotope fractionation during archaeal ammonia oxidation: coupled estimates from measurements of residual ammonium and accumulated nitrite
<p>The naturally occurring nitrogen (N) isotopes, <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>14</sup>N, exhibit different reaction rates during many microbial N transformation processes, which results in N isotope fractionation. Such isotope effects are critical parameters for interpreting natural stable isotope abundances as proxies for biological process rates in the environment across scales. The kinetic isotope effect of ammonia oxidation (AO) to nitrite (NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>), performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), is generally ascribed to the enzyme ammonia monooxygenase (AMO), which catalyzes the first step in this process. However, the kinetic isotope effect of AMO, or ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span>, has been typically determined based on isotope kinetics during product formation (cumulative product, NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) alone, which may have overestimated ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span> due to possible accumulation of chemical intermediates and alternative sinks of ammonia/ammonium (NH<sub>3</sub>/NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>). Here, we analyzed <sup>15</sup>N isotope fractionation during archaeal ammonia oxidation based on both isotopic changes in residual substrate (RS, <span>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup></span>) and cumulative product (CP, NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) pools in pure cultures of the soil strain <i>Nitrososphaera viennensis</i> EN76, and in highly enriched cultures of the marine strain <i>Nitrosopumilus adriaticus</i> NF5, under non-limiting substrate conditions. We obtained ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span> values of 31.9-33.1‰ for both strains based on RS (<span>δ<sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>), and show that </span>estimates based on CP (δ<sup>15</sup>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) give larger isotope fractionation factors by 6-8‰. Complementary analyses showed that, at the end of the growth period, microbial biomass was <sup>15</sup>N-enriched<span> (10.1</span>‰),<span> whereas </span>nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) was highly <sup>15</sup>N depleted (-38.1‰) relative to the initial substrate. Although we did not determine the isotope effect of <span>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> </span>assimilation (biomass formation) and N<sub>2</sub>O production by AOA, our results nevertheless show that the discrepancy between ε<sub><i>AMO</i></sub><span><span> </span></span> estimates based on RS and CP might have derived from incorporation of <sup>15</sup>N-enriched residual NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> after AMO reaction into microbial biomass, and that N<sub>2</sub>O production did not affect isotope fractionation estimates significantly.</p>
Data from: Coupling biogeochemical tracers with fish growth reveals physiological and environmental controls on otolith chemistry
Biogeochemical tracers found in the hard parts of organisms are frequently used to answer key ecological questions by linking the organism with the environment. However, the biogeochemical relationship between the environment and the biogenic structure becomes less predictable in higher organisms as physiological processes become more complex. Here, we use the simultaneous combination of biogeochemical tracers and fish growth analyzed with a novel modeling framework to describe physiological and environmental controls on otolith chemistry in an upwelling zone. First, we develop increasingly complex univariate mixed models to describe and partition intrinsic (age effects) and extrinsic (environmental parameters) factors influencing fish growth and otolith element concentrations through time. Second, we use a multivariate mixed model to investigate the directionality and strength between element-to-element and growth relationships and test hypotheses regarding physiological and environmental controls on element assimilation in otoliths. We apply these models to continuous element (Na, Sr, Mg, Ba, Li) and growth increment profiles (monthly resolution over 17 years) derived from otoliths of reef ocean perch (Helicolenus percoides), a wild-caught, site-attached, fully marine fish. With a conceptual model, we hypothesize that otolith traits (elements and growth) driven by environmental conditions will correlate both within an otolith, reflecting the time dependency of growth and element assimilation, and among individuals that experience a similar set of external conditions. We found some elements (Sr:Ca and Na:Ca) are mainly controlled by physiological processes, while other elements (Ba:Ca and Li:Ca) are more environmentally influenced. Within an individual fish, the strength and direction of correlation varies among otolith traits, particularly those under environmental control. Correlations among physiologically regulated elements tend to be stronger than those primarily controlled by environmental drivers. Surprisingly, only Ba:Ca and growth are significantly correlated among individuals. Failure to appropriately account for intrinsic effects (e.g. age) led to inflated estimates of among individual correlations and a depression of within individual correlations. Together, the lack of among-individual correlations of otolith traits in properly formulated models and the biases that can be introduced by not including appropriate intrinsic covariates suggest that caution is needed when assuming multi-elemental signatures are reflective solely of shared environments.
Data from: Estimating contributions of pelagic and benthic pathways to consumer production in coupled marine food webs
1. Pelagic and benthic systems usually interact, but their dynamics and production rates differ. Such differences influence the distribution, reproductive cycles, growth rates, stability and productivity of the consumers they support. Consumer preferences for, and dependence on, pelagic or benthic production are governed by the availability of these sources of production and consumer life history, distribution, habitat, behavioural ecology, ontogenetic stage and morphology. 2. Diet studies may demonstrate the extent to which consumers feed on prey in pelagic or benthic environments. But they do not discriminate benthic production directly supported by phytoplankton from benthic production recycled through detrital pathways. The former will track the dynamics of phytoplankton production more closely than the latter. 3. We develop and apply a new analytical method that uses carbon (C) and sulfur (S) natural abundance stable isotope data to assess the relative contribution of pelagic and benthic pathways to fish consumer production. 4. For 13 species of fish that dominate community biomass in the northern North Sea (estimated >90% of total biomass), relative modal use of pelagic pathways ranged from <25% to >85%. Use of both C and S isotopes as opposed to just C reduced uncertainty in relative modal use estimates. Temporal comparisons of relative modal use of pelagic and benthic pathways revealed similar ranking of species dependency over four years, but annual variation in relative modal use within species was typically 10-40%. 5. For the total fish consumer biomass in the study region, the C and S method linked approximately 70% and 30% of biomass to pelagic and benthic pathways respectively. As well as providing a new method to define consumers' links to pelagic and benthic pathways our results demonstrate that a substantial proportion of fish biomass, and by inference production, in the northern North Sea is supported by production that has passed through transformations on the seabed.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.