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691 results for “plant traits”
Table X: Population-wise trait data (mean, standard error and ranges) of A) 1st year plants, B) 2nd year spring phase plants and C) 2nd year monsoon phase plants
<p>Plants of <em>Anisomeles indica</em> are perennial woody shrubs that initiate their life cycle from seeds. The young plants emerging from seeds enter sexual phase immediately thereafter. After setting seeds, the plants do not die. Instead, following winters, their root stock perennates where after these plants follow spring and monsoon phases for the rest of their lives. Plants follow vegetative to blooming phenology step by step without showing any functional overlap in their reproductive phase. The spring phase of perennating plants on account of its brevity is unable to ensure sustainable reproductive output necessitating the monsoon phase. Parallelly, the seeds dispersed through these phases grow and follow the same strategy of sexual to spring to monsoon phases. This modified variant of iteroparity coupled with the advantages accrued to particular morphological characters such as increased plant height, numbers of tillers and inflorescences per plant, fruits per infructescence and seed weight per unit leaf area enhance its survival and reproductive fitness.</p>
Research data supporting the publication "Seed Size Variation of Trees and Lianas in a Tropical Forest of Southeast Asia: Allometry, Phylogeny, and Seed Trait - Plant Functional Trait Relationships"
<p><em>Research data supporting the publication:</em></p> <p><br> <strong>Seed size variation of trees and lianas in a tropical forest of Southeast Asia: allometry, phylogeny, and seed trait - plant functional trait relationships</strong></p> <p><strong>Original Research, Front. Plant Sci. - Functional Plant Ecology</strong></p> <p>Here, we compiled a unique dataset of seed size (seed mass and geometrical size metrics) based on collections of more than 5,200 seeds of 196 woody plant species, covering >98 and 70% of tree and liana stems, respectively, located on a 30-ha plot in a tropical evergreen forest in central Thailand. Seeds, are stored in the BBH herbarium at BIOTEC of the National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand. Many seeds (38.3%) have been collected from gibbons’ feces during gibbon monitoring. Most seeds of species dispersed by gibbons (through defecation) have hard seed coats and do not change in their morphology during gut passage. However, most seeds (46.4%) were collected while monitoring plant phenology. Rarely, when seeds were not available in the herbarium, mostly from rare or non-fruiting species (15.3%), we used information from field-recorded and unpublished data of Mo Singto plot. Seed mass refers to the dry weight of endosperm and embryo including the seed coat but excluding any morphological structures, such as wings, that aid dispersal. Before measuring and weighing, seeds were oven-dried at 60°C for at least 3 days. After drying, we immediately measured each seed in three dimensions: length (L), the longest linear dimension; width (W), the widest orthogonal direction to L; and thickness (T), the largest orthogonal side to both the L and W, using a Vernier caliper<br> with 2-digit micrometer precision. We weighed the same seed on a microgram balance (PB303, Mettler, Toledo). </p>
Survival and growth data for tree species planted to reforest degraded tropical peat swamp forests and functional trait data for peat swamp forest species across Southeast Asia
<p>Degraded tropical peat swamp forests are harsh environments so difficult to restore. Evidence from past restoration projects can inform selection of species for planting. As part of a systematic review, we collated and synthesised survival and growth monitoring data on trees planted in degraded tropical peat swamp forests across Southeast Asia. A key aim of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine which tree species survive best when planted to restore tropical peat swamp forests. We also investigated the impact of seedling and site treatments and climatic conditions (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) on tree seedling survival and growth and the potential to use plant functional traits to predict survival and growth. </p> <p>Full methodological details of the systematic review, including: search strategy, article screening and inclusion criteria, critical appraisal of screened articles, data processing and data analysis can be found in the published article and supporting information stated below.</p> <p>Smith SW, Rahman NEB, Harrison ME, Shiodera S, Giesen W, Lampela M, Wardle DA, Chong KY, Randi A, Wijedasa LS, Teo PY, Fatimah, YA, Teng NT, Joanne YKQ, Alam MJ, Brugues Sintes P, Darusman T, Graham LLB, Katoppo DR, Kojima K, Kusin K, Lestari DP, Metali F, Morrogh-Bernard HC, Nahor MB, Napitupulu RRP, Nasir D, Nath TK, Nilus R, Norisada M, Rachmanadi D, Rachmat HH, Ripoll Capilla B, Salahuddin, Santosa PB, Sukri RS, Tay B, Tuah W, Wedeux, BMM, Yamanoshita T, Yokoyama EY, Yuwati TW, Lee JSH. Tree species that ‘live slow, die older’ enhance tropical peat swamp restoration: evidence from a systematic review. <em>Journal of Applied Ecology. </em>DOI:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14232">10.1111/1365-2664.14232</a></p> <p>In this data repository, we have uploaded the following data used in the meta-analysis to generate the findings presented in the systematic review, specifically:</p> <ul> <li>Screening sheets of eligible articles across languages (English, Indonesian, Japanese and German) read in detailed by multiple authors on the review</li> <li>Survival monitoring data, including predicted half-life (duration until 50% mortality) derived from functional line-fitting</li> <li>Height monitoring data, including standardized relative growth rates (cm × cm<sup>-1 </sup>month<sup>-1</sup>) derived from functional line-fitting</li> <li>Plant functional traits, selected leaf nutrient contents and wood densities for those species used in the functional trait analyses</li> </ul> <p>Each data file has an associated meta-data file explaining the column headers and variables. Please note, data contributors from some studies wished to retain control over access to their monitoring data, but are willing to share this data on request. The relevant study-site code those studies used in the analyses in our systematic review can be found in the meta-data sheets. Details given include study-site code (used in the systematic review), site name and location, author name(s), author contact email(s). All these details have been provided with permission from relevant data contributor co-author(s). </p>
Genome-wide patterns of selection-drift variation strongly associate with organismal traits across the green plant lineage
<p>Gene alignments and trees</p>
Supplementary material 6 from: Tewes LJ, Mueller C (2018) Syndromes in suites of correlated traits suggest multiple mechanisms facilitating invasion in a plant range-expander. NeoBiota 37: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.37.21470
Figure S5. Pairwise correlations between individual traits of Bunias orientalis plants :
Supplementary material 5 from: Tewes LJ, Mueller C (2018) Syndromes in suites of correlated traits suggest multiple mechanisms facilitating invasion in a plant range-expander. NeoBiota 37: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.37.21470
Figure S4. Reproduction traits of Bunias orientalis plants :
Supplementary material 4 from: Tewes LJ, Mueller C (2018) Syndromes in suites of correlated traits suggest multiple mechanisms facilitating invasion in a plant range-expander. NeoBiota 37: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.37.21470
Figure S3. Herbivore loads of Bunias orientalis plants :
Supplementary material 3 from: Tewes LJ, Mueller C (2018) Syndromes in suites of correlated traits suggest multiple mechanisms facilitating invasion in a plant range-expander. NeoBiota 37: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.37.21470
Figure S2. Growth traits of Bunias orientalis plants :
Supplementary material 1 from: Tewes LJ, Mueller C (2018) Syndromes in suites of correlated traits suggest multiple mechanisms facilitating invasion in a plant range-expander. NeoBiota 37: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.37.21470
Methods S1: Details for plant treatment and data analysis :
Supplementary material 2 from: Tewes LJ, Mueller C (2018) Syndromes in suites of correlated traits suggest multiple mechanisms facilitating invasion in a plant range-expander. NeoBiota 37: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.37.21470
Figure S1. Design of the common garden field experiment :
Leaf functional traits and insular colonization: subtropical islands as a melting pot of trait diversity in a widespread plant lineage
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>One of the main goals of functional biogeography is to examine distribution patterns of trait diversity, and islands provide excellent study cases for this emerging field. We tested the hypothesis that multiple dispersals from a common mainland pool would promote functional similarity among island systems when environmental conditions are similar, but also novel phenotypic traits related to colonization history and exploitation of new habitats.</p> <p><strong>Location: </strong>Mediterranean Basin and Macaronesian islands</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We used the well-known biogeographical history of a woody plant complex (Periploca laevigata s.l.) to examine trait variation and how it relates to climatic conditions of mainland and subtropical island settings. In a common garden experiment, we measured a suite of leaf physiological and anatomical traits tightly related to plant performance in 320 seedlings representing 21 populations of five sublineages: the oldest (2.6 my) island colonization (western Canary Islands) as a reference, three sublineages stemming from independent events of island colonization in the last 0.5 my from NW Africa (Cape Verde, Fuerteventura, Lanzarote), and their widespread Mediterranean mainland counterpart.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> We observed strong phenotypic divergence between island and mainland sublineages linked to contrasting climatic conditions. Mediterranean mainland populations displayed a very specialized leaf phenotype characteristic of arid plants (i.e. small leaves, amphistomaty, isobilateral mesophyll, high photosynthetic rates). In turn, low seasonality on islands was linked to the recurrent expression of a phenotype characterized by larger leaves and lower photosynthetic rates. Our analyses showed that the high investment in secondary compounds (i.e. tannins) on islands decouples photosynthesis from growth rates. Despite this pattern of parallel differentiation, each island sublineage displayed a distinctive phenotype, with some traits related to colonization time, which resulted in a mosaic of functional variation across island systems.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest that the studied subtropical islands promote expression of traits specific to certain sublineages and other common traits that are no untypeset proof Page 2 of 50 Journal of Biogeography longer adaptive in the original mainland pool due to Pleistocene climatic shifts. These findings ultimately extend the role of islands as biodiversity refugia and hotspots of plant functional diversity.</p>
Silicon enrichment alters functional traits in legumes depending on plant genotype and symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria
<p>1. Silicon (Si) uptake and deposition (silicification) in tissues is known to alleviate stresses and generally improve plant health. This is mostly studied in Si-high accumulators, such as grasses, with comparatively less known about its effects on other plant functional groups, such as legumes. There is speculation that Si may positively impact the symbiosis between legumes and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia) they associate with, but this is poorly understood. This study examined the effects of Si enrichment on legume species associated with rhizobia and the potential underlying mechanism of Si impacts.</p> <p>2. We conducted a glasshouse experiment with lucerne (<i>Medicago sativa</i>) and barrel medic (<i>M. truncatula</i>) associated with a model rhizobial strain. Six genotypes (three per species) were either supplemented with Si (+Si) or untreated (-Si). We quantified 16 functional traits which could be classified as plant growth, physiology, elemental chemistry, nodule activity and nitrogen fixation.</p> <p>3. The two legume species responded to Si distinctively. For example, Si supplementation increased shoot biomass by more than 10% in lucerne but growth was unaffected in barrel medic. Conversely, nitrogen-fixing enzyme (nitrogenase) activity was promoted by more than 85% in +Si barrel medic plants but not in lucerne. Moreover, Si supplementation of lucerne increased the concentrations of Si in leaves by more than 36% but not in root nodules. Increased foliar concentrations of Si in lucerne was positively associated with increased shoot and root biomass in Sequel and Trifecta genotypes, respectively. Conversely, Si supplementation of barrel medic increased the concentration of Si in root nodules by 29% but not that in foliar tissues. Nitrogenase activity and where silicification occurred, differed between genotypes in barrel medic; nitrogenase activity was correlated with concentrations of Si in root nodules rather than that in foliar tissues in one genotype (Sephi) but the reverse was true in another (Hannaford).</p> <p>4.This study demonstrates that two closely related legume species can respond to Si in distinct ways, depending on plant genotype and symbiosis. These results present the overlooked function of Si in legume-rhizobia interactions, which could potentially enhance productivity of this important group of plants.</p>
Intraspecific trait variation and species turnover mediate grazing impacts on above- and below-ground functional trait composition of plant communities
<ol> <li>Although grazing has significant impacts on plant functional traits and community composition in grasslands, few studies have simultaneously explored how plant above- and below-ground traits and community functional composition respond to grazing.</li> <li>Using a grazing manipulation experiment with seven levels of grazing intensity (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9 sheep ha<sup>-1</sup>) in the Inner Mongolia grassland, we partitioned the roles of intraspecific trait variation (ITV) and species turnover underlying the grazing induced changes in above- and below-ground functional trait composition of plant communities. Six aboveground traits (i.e. plant height, plant aboveground biomass, plant density, leaf area, specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf density) and three root traits (average root diameter, ARD; specific root length, SRL; and root tissue density, RTD) of the first-, second- and third-order roots (1<sup>st</sup>-, 2<sup>nd</sup>-, and 3<sup>rd</sup>-) were measured at the plant individual level. </li> <li>At the community level, plant above-ground traits shifted towards grazing avoidance strategy (e.g. plant height and leaf area decreased), and below-ground traits shifted towards conservative strategy (i.e. 1<sup>st</sup>-SRL and 2<sup>nd</sup>-SRL decreased, 1<sup>st</sup>-RTD and 2<sup>nd</sup>-ARD increased) with increasing grazing intensity. Functional tradeoffs were found between plant individual biomass and plant density, and between leaf area and leaf density under grazing. However, community-weighted mean SRL (SRL<sub>CWM</sub>) and ARD (ARD<sub>CWM</sub>) of different root orders exhibited functional coordination under grazing pressure. SLA<sub>CWM</sub> and SRL<sub>CWM</sub> also showed synergistic responses to grazing.</li> <li> The ITV plays a predominant for the changes in above- and below-ground functional trait composition at the community level. However, changes in mean trait values among plant species with different resource use strategies were mainly triggered by species turnover. For species with different resource use strategies, grazing exhibited a coordinated effects on ITV but an offset effect on species turnover.</li> <li> <i>Synthesis.</i> Our results demonstrate that both the above- and below-ground trait composition of plant communities shifted toward conservative strategy under long-term grazing. This study highlights the effects of ITV and species turnover that govern the grazing-induced changes in functional trait composition of plant communities, and has important implications for grazing management in semiarid grasslands.</li> </ol>
Divergent contributions of living roots to turnover of different soil organic carbon pools and their links to plant traits
<p>1. Rhizodeposits and root litter contribute critically to soil organic carbon (SOC) formation and decomposition. This root-induced SOC turnover shows great interspecific variations. Bulk SOC consists of diverse functional pools differing in formation and stabilization. Yet, it remains unclear which plant traits regulate the effects of living roots on the turnover of different SOC pools across species.</p> <p>2. By performing <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2 </sub>continuous<sub> </sub>labelling of six grassland species for a growing season in a climate-controlled chamber, we quantified the contributions of living roots to the dynamics of the fast-cycling particulate organic C and the slow-cycling mineral-associated organic C, and explored their relations to plant traits.</p> <p>3. The results showed that new root-derived SOC varied more than threefold among the six species. The variation in new root-derived SOC was best explained by the ratio of shoot to root biomass. Plant species with higher shoot:root ratio formed more new root-derived SOC. Most of the root-derived C (72%) was incorporated into the particulate organic C pool. All species caused positive rhizosphere priming effects (RPE), which varied sevenfold across species. Among plant traits, specific root length was the best predictor of interspecific variations in the RPE, with greater RPE associated with higher specific root length. Most of the RPE (70%) occurred in the mineral-associated organic C pool. Our results also showed that most plant species caused more old SOC decomposition via the RPE than new SOC formation, leading to net SOC losses, especially for the mineral-associated organic C pool.</p> <p>4. Overall, we provide novel insights into the effects of plant traits on root-induced turnover of particulate and mineral-associated organic C. Our findings should be valuable for understanding how specific plant traits regulate SOC accumulation and stabilization.</p>
Supplementary material 2 from: Worthy SJ, Marsico TD, Lucardi RD, Whitehurst LE, Burgess KS (2022) Variation in plant traits and phylogenetic structure associated with native and nonnative species in an industrialized flora. NeoBiota 77: 101-123. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.77.87307
Sequencing and collection information for the species in this study
Supplementary material 1 from: Worthy SJ, Marsico TD, Lucardi RD, Whitehurst LE, Burgess KS (2022) Variation in plant traits and phylogenetic structure associated with native and nonnative species in an industrialized flora. NeoBiota 77: 101-123. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.77.87307
Species included in this study, listed alphabetically, along with their traits
Supplementary material 1 from: Süle G, Miholcsa Z, Molnár C, Kovács-Hostyánszki A, Fenesi A, Bauer N, Szigeti V (2023) Escape from the garden: spreading, effects and traits of a new risky invasive ornamental plant (Gaillardia aristata Pursh). NeoBiota 83: 43-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.83.97325
Occurrence of Gaillardia aristata within Hungary
Contemporary adaptive divergence of plant competitive traits in urban and rural populations and its implication for weed management
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Data from: Root traits are related to plant water-use among rangeland Mediterranean species
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Data from: Two dimensions define the variation of fine root traits across plant communities under the joint influence of ecological succession and annual mowing
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