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FIGURE 10 in Male secondary sexual characters resolve taxonomic uncertainty: five new species and a review of the formerly monotypic rove beetle genus Mimosticus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)
FIGURE 10. Distribution of Mimosticus aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov, M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov, M pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov, and M. viridipennis Sharp (A); and M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov, and M. sharpi (B).
FIGURE 1 in Male secondary sexual characters resolve taxonomic uncertainty: five new species and a review of the formerly monotypic rove beetle genus Mimosticus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)
FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Scale bars = 2 mm.
FIGURE 8 in Male secondary sexual characters resolve taxonomic uncertainty: five new species and a review of the formerly monotypic rove beetle genus Mimosticus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)
FIGURE 8. Aedeagus of Mimosticus viridipennis Sharp (A–D), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Parameral view (A–B, E–F), lateral view (C–D). Internal sac not everted (A, C, E, F), internal sac everted (B, D). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Male secondary sexual characters resolve taxonomic uncertainty: five new species and a review of the formerly monotypic rove beetle genus Mimosticus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)
FIGURE 4. Male sternite VIII of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Male secondary sexual characters resolve taxonomic uncertainty: five new species and a review of the formerly monotypic rove beetle genus Mimosticus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)
FIGURE 3. Forebody of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Scale bars = 1 mm. a—anterior frontal puncture, b—oculomarginal puncture, c—posterior frontal puncture, d—vertical puncture.
FIGURE 7. Male tergite X in Male secondary sexual characters resolve taxonomic uncertainty: five new species and a review of the formerly monotypic rove beetle genus Mimosticus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)
FIGURE 7. Male tergite X of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
Dataset for paper: Research Artifacts in Secondary Studies: A Systematic Mapping in Software Engineering
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Dataset for manuscript : "Weak and shallow secondary frictional faults revealed by large earthquakes in Haiti".
<p>This archive file contains datafiles used in "Weak and shallow secondary frictional faults revealed by large earthquakes in Haiti".<br><br>README.txt files describing the datasets are available within the archive.</p>
Discovering the secondary metabolic potential of Saccharothrix
<p>Supplementary documents for Discovering the secondary metabolic potential of Saccharothrix:</p><p>Table captions:</p><p>Table S1. Structure, bioactivity, and source information of 138 secondary metabolites isolated from Saccharothrix.</p><p>Table S2. Genomic features and biosynthetic gene cluster composition in 25 high-quality Saccharothrix genomes.</p><p>Table S3. Detailed information regarding the characterized or annotated biosynthetic gene clusters of secondary metabolites isolated from Saccharothrix.</p><p>Table S4. Genomic features and biosynthetic gene cluster composition in 566 high-quality Pseudonocardiaceae genomes.</p><p>Table S5. Number of biosynthetic gene clusters in gene cluster families across all 34 genera within the Pseudonocardiaceae family.</p>
Contemporaneous formation of self-secondaries and layered ejecta deposits on Mars
<p>The raw data of the counting areas and crater statistics for martian impact craters, including Gratteri, Mojave, Tooting, Zunil, and Steinheim. IDs of images used to perform the crater statistics are provided.</p>
FIGURE 4. a in Characterization of a secondary contact zone of the Great Tit Parus major and the Japanese Tit P. minor (Aves: Passeriformes) in Far Eastern Siberia with DNA markers.
FIGURE 4. a) Proportion of minor phenotypes plotted against geographic distances between the populations (with parameters, a = 1.0166, b = 0.1534, x = 5.7334, y = 0.0114, R2 = 0.9934), b) 0 0 proportion of minor mitochondrial haplotypes plotted against geographic distances (a = 1.0049, b = 0.1551, x = 0.5749, y = 0.0319, R2 = 0.9843) and c) proportion of individuals being assigned to 0 0 minor based on microsatellites plotted against geographic distances (a = 0.9616, b = 0.2167, x0 = 5.2785, y = 0.0166, R2 = 0.9928).
FIGURE 3 in Characterization of a secondary contact zone of the Great Tit Parus major and the Japanese Tit P. minor (Aves: Passeriformes) in Far Eastern Siberia with DNA markers.
FIGURE 3. Assignment probabilities for each individual to belong to major or minor cluster. Phenotypes of the individuals are shown above the graph. Individuals in bold are first generation migrants detected by GeneClass.
FIGURE 2 in Characterization of a secondary contact zone of the Great Tit Parus major and the Japanese Tit P. minor (Aves: Passeriformes) in Far Eastern Siberia with DNA markers.
FIGURE 2. Relative frequencies of alleles at the nine studied microsatellite loci for each population.
Evolution of the Sabulina verna group (Caryophyllaceae) in Europe: A deep split, followed by secondary contacts, multiple allopolyploidization and colonization of challenging substrates
<p>One of the major goals of contemporary evolutionary biology is to elucidate the relative roles of allopatric and ecological differentiation and polyploidy in speciation. In this study, we address the taxonomically intricate <em>Sabulina verna</em> group, which has a disjunct Arctic–alpine postglacial range in Europe and occupies a broad range of ecological niches, including substrates toxic to plants. Using genome-wide ddRAD sequencing combined with morphometric analyses based on extensive sampling of 111 natural populations, we aimed to disentangle internal evolutionary relationships and examine their correspondence with the pronounced edaphic and ploidy diversity within the group. We identified two spatially distinct groups of diploids: a widespread Arctic–alpine group and a spatially restricted yet diverse Balkan group. Most tetraploids exhibited a considerably admixed ancestry derived from both these groups, suggesting their allopolyploid origin. Four genetic clusters in congruence with geography and mostly supported by morphological traits were recognized in the diploid Arctic–alpine group. Tetraploids are split into two distinct and geographically vicariant groups, indicating their repeated polytopic origin. Furthermore, our results also revealed at least five-fold parallel colonization of toxic substrates (serpentine and metalliferous), altogether demonstrating a complex interaction between geography, challenging substrates, and polyploidy in the evolution of the group. Finally, we propose a new taxonomic treatment of this intricate complex.</p>
Measurement report: Secondary organic aerosols at a forested mountain site in southeastern China
<p>Supporting dataset for Measurement report: Secondary organic aerosols at a forested mountain site in southeastern China</p>
Data from: the two faces of secondary contact on islands: introgressive hybridization between endemics and reproductive interference between endemics and introduced species
<p>Aim: Hybridization is thought to have played an important role in shaping the evolutionary history of diverse island taxa. Here, we propose an ecological and evolutionary framework for understanding the causes and consequences of heterospecific mating on islands – with and without introgressive hybridization. We use this framework to support our main contention that cases of secondary contact among endemic species should commonly result in introgressive hybridization whereas cases of contact between endemic and introduced species should commonly result in reproductive interference – resulting in two qualitatively different faces of secondary contact on islands.</p> <p>Location: Canary Islands, Galapagos, New Zealand, Caribbean, and Hawaii.</p> <p>Taxa: 705 vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant species spanning 167 genera and 99 families.</p> <p>Methods: Using a quantitative analysis of empirical research on secondary contact on islands, we weigh evidence for the drivers of secondary contact and heterospecific mating on islands. In particular, we compare cases of secondary contact between endemic species versus secondary contact between endemic and introduced species.</p> <p>Results: We find that three main drivers of secondary contact and heterospecific mating on islands most frequently reported in the literature are disturbance, long-distance (e.g. inter-island) dispersal, and compromised assortative mating. We find support for the hypothesis that introgression is a more common outcome between endemic species while reproductive interference is a more common outcome between endemic and introduced species.</p> <p>Main conclusions: We conclude that there are biological reasons to predict secondary contact and heterospecific mating to be common on islands for all taxa, but that the consequence of secondary contact is categorically different for contact between endemic species and contact between endemic and introduced species. We conclude that the former likely explains the apparent frequency of hybridization on islands, while the latter presents a cryptic and underappreciated conservation threat.</p>
Fig. 6. ITS2 secondary structures showing significant variations between our isolate A in Funiculosone, a substituted dihydroxanthene-1,9-dione with two of its analogues produced by an endolichenic fungus Talaromyces funiculosus and their antimicrobial activity
Fig. 6. ITS2 secondary structures showing significant variations between our isolate A. Talaromyces sp. (MF927596.1*) and B. T. funiculosus (consensus), incompatible base pairs are highlighted in pale red and yellow colour based on their degrees of incompatibility; * indicating own isolate. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Common Reasons for Conflicts and Common Conflict Resolution Techniques Used: Findings of 8 Years of Secondary and Primary Research Studies
<p>The paper, a summary of 8 years of research (2015-2023) on conflict management, presents the common reasons for conflicts and common conflict resolution techniques used by employees at all levels in an organization based on secondary research and also an empirical investigation. The Macro Objective of the Research is to Generalize the Reasons for Conflicts and Conflict Resolution Techniques Used at Employee, Manager and Top Management Level using Author’s Previous 3 Secondary Research Studies and Current Primary Research Study by finding the Top-3 Common Reasons for Conflicts and Top-3 Common Conflict Resolution Techniques Used at all levels of Employees. The 3 different secondary research studies are conducted (2015-2023) at Employee level, Manager Level, Top Management Level to identify Top-5 Reasons for Conflicts and Top-5 Conflict Resolution Techniques used by Employees, Managers and Top Management Respectively. Top-5 items are identified based on reference count (number of citations) in literature in each of these research works. Later on, in 4th Paper (2023) Common Top-3 Reasons for Conflicts, Common Top-3 Conflict Resolution Techniques are Identified based on the 3 published secondary research works. This current work is primary study conducted on 68 respondents; and Primary Research Findings are Compared with Secondary Research findings; further top-3 common reasons for conflicts and top-3 conflict resolution techniques used are identified at all levels of employees in an organization. Overall, the paper presents the Top-3 common reasons for conflicts among employees, project managers, and top management; and top-3 common conflict resolution techniques used by employees, project managers and top management. Based on Secondary & Primary Research Studies, the Top-3 common reasons for conflicts identified are Resources, Value Differences, Personality Differences; and Top-3 conflict resolution techniques used are Avoidance, Compromise, Confrontation/Problem Solving at all levels of employees. </p>
Fig. 9 in Xenos vesparum (Strepsiptera: Xenidae)-A New Insect Model and Its Endoparasitic Secondary Larva
Fig. 9. Late male secondary larva of X. vesparum, 3D-reconstruction, full view. A. Lateral view, sagittally sectioned, nervous system;B. Dorsal view,dorsal cuticle removed, nervous system. abn: abdominal nerve; ag: abdominal ganglion; ce: compound eye; cer: brain; circ: circumoesophageal connectives; ep: epidermis; fgl: frontal ganglion; ne: nervus procurrens; nea: antennal nerve; nel: leg nerve; ol: optic lobes; pgc: postcerebral ganglionic complex; sp*: spiracular anlage.
Fig. 20 in Xenos vesparum (Strepsiptera: Xenidae)-A New Insect Model and Its Endoparasitic Secondary Larva
Fig. 20. Simplified cladogram of internal relationships in Strepsiptera based on Pohl et al. (2019) showing the derived characters (filled box) of each clade discussed in this study. Schematics show silhouette of parasitic larval stages (top male, bottom female). Illustrations for schematics taken from Pohl et al. (2019) for †Mengea (†Mengeidae),Tröger et al. (2020) for Eoxenos laboulbenei (Mengenillidae), Kirkpatrick (1937) for Corioxenos antestiae (Corioxenidae).The photographs of the secondary larvae of Xenos vesparum (Stylopiformia) were taken from this study.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.