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Figure 2 in Karyotypes of water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): new data and review of published records

Figure 2. Karyotypes of the Amphiopini and Laccobiini. A–E, Amphiops mater, mitotic methaphase from midgut. F–L, Laccobius decorus, mitotic metaphase from midgut. A, C, F, H, J, without treatment. B, D, G, I, K, C-banded. Habitus figures: (E) Amphiops mater; (L) Laccobius decorus.

Figures 72–77 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 72–77. Larva of Limnoxenus niger, first instar (72–74) and third instar (75–77). 72, 75, labroclypeus. 73, 76, head capsule in dorsal view. 74, 77, head capsule in ventral view. Scale bars: Figs 72, 75: 0.05 mm, Figs 73–74, 76–59: 0.1 mm.

Figures 54–59 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 54–59. Larva of Limnohydrobius melaenus, first instar (54–56) and third instar (57–59). 54, 57, labroclypeus. 55, 58, head capsule in dorsal view. 56, 59, head capsule in ventral view. Scale bars: Figs 54, 57: 0.05 mm, Figs 55–56, 58–59: 0.1 mm.

Figures 68–71 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 68–71. Larva of Limnohydrobius melaenus, first instar (68–69) and third instar (70–71). 68, 70, mentum and prementum, dorsal view. 69, 71, mentum and prementum, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.

Figures 44–53. Hybogralius hartmeyeri, third instar larva. 44–46 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 44–53. Hybogralius hartmeyeri, third instar larva. 44–46, head capsule (44, dorsally; 45, ventrally; 46, labroclypeus). 47–48, mandibles, dorsal view (47, left mandible; 48, right mandible). 49, antenna, dorsal view. 50–51, maxilla (50, dorsal view; 51, ventral view). 52, mentum and prementum, dorsal view. 53, prementum, ventral view. Scale bars: Figs 44–45: 0.1 mm, Figs 46–53: 0.05 mm.

Figures 35–43. Ametor scabrosus, first instar larva. 35–37 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 35–43. Ametor scabrosus, first instar larva. 35–37, head capsule (35, dorsally; 36, ventrally; 37, labroclypeus). 38, antenna, dorsal view. 39, right mandible, dorsal view. 40–41, maxilla (40, dorsal view; 41, ventral view). 42–43, mentum and prementum (42, dorsal view; 43, ventral view). Scale bars: Figs 35–36: 0.1 mm, Figs 37–43: 0.05 mm.

Figures 31–34 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 31–34. Larva of Hydramara argentina, first instar (31–32) and third instar (33–34). 31, 33, mentum and prementum, dorsal view. 32, 34, mentum and prementum, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.

Figures 1–12 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 1–12. Hydrobiusini larvae, third instar larval habitus in dorsal, lateral and ventral view: 1–3, Hydramara argentina. 4–6, Limnohydrobius melaenus. 7–9, Sperchopsis tessellata. 10–12, Limnoxenus niger. Scale bars: 2 mm.

Figures 17–22 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 17–22. Larva of Hydramara argentina, first instar (17–19) and third instar (20–22). 17, 20, clypeolabrum. 18, 21, head capsule in dorsal view. 19, 22, head capsule in ventral view. Scale bars: Figs 17, 20: 0.05 mm, Figs 18–19, 21–22: 0.1 mm.

Figures 13–16. 13–14 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 13–16. 13–14, cuticular projections on head capsule: 13, Ametor scabrosus. 14, Sperchopsis tessellata. 15, Hydramara argentina, antenna of third instar larva showing secondary setae on A1 (gAN2) and basal pores on A2 (AN6 refers to the pore that is on the antennal segment). 16, Hydramara argentina, symmetrical nasale of one atypical first instar larva.

Figure 13 in Karyotypes of water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): new data and review of published records

Figure 13. Karyotypes of the Cylominae, without treatment. A, D, Exydrus gibbosus, mitosis, midgut. B–C, E, Tormissus magnulus, mitosis, midgut. F–H, Rygmodus modestus (F–G, meiotic metaphase I, testes; H, mitotic karyotype, midgut). Habitus figures: (I) Exydrus gibbosus; (J) Rygmodus modestus, from Minoshima et al. (2018).

Figure 14 in Karyotypes of water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): new data and review of published records

Figure 14. Karyotypes of the Omicrini and Sphaeridiini, without treatment. A–F, Omicrini: (A–B) Noteropagus sp. from Taiwan, meiotic karyotypes from testes; (C–D) Omicrogiton insularis, mitotic karyotype, midgut; (E–F) Paromicrus sp. from Taiwan, mitotic karyotype, midgut. G–I, habitus of examined specimens: (G) Noteropagus sp.; (H) Omicrogiton insularis; (I) Paromicrus sp. J–P, Sphaeridiini: Sphaeridium; (J–K) Sphaeridium lunatum (J, testes, mitosis; K, midgut, mitosis); (L) Sphaeridium scarabaeoides, mitosis, midgut; (M) Sphaeridium bipustulatum, mitosis, midgut; (N–P) meiosis, metaphase I, testes: (N) Sphaeridium scarabaeoides; (O) Sphaeridium bipustulatum; (P) Sphaeridium lunatum. Q, habitus of Sphaeridium scarabaeoides.

Figure 12 in Karyotypes of water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): new data and review of published records

Figure 12. Karyotypes of the Cylominae, without treatment. A–B, Adolopus sp., mitosis from midgut. D, Cyloma guttulatus, mitosis from midgut. E–G, Cyloma sp. (E–F, meiotic first metaphase; G, testes, mitosis;). I–M, Cylomissus glabratus: (I–J) mitotic metaphase from midgut; (K–M) meiotic metaphase I from testes. Habitus figures: (C) Adolopus sp.; (H) Cyloma sp., specimen collected with karyotyped voucher; (N) Cylomissus glabratus, from Minoshima et al. (2015).

Figure 11 in Karyotypes of water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): new data and review of published records

Figure 11. Karyotypes of the Acidocerinae. A–C, Agraphydrus, mitotic metaphase, midgut: (A–B) Agraphydrus decipiens; (C) Agraphydrus variabilis. D–L, Helochares: (D–E) Helochares lividus, mitosis, midgut; (F) Helochares obscurus, mitosis, midgut; (G–H) Helochares punctatus, mitosis, midgut; (I) Helochares punctatus, karyotype of male embryo with multiple y-chromosomes; (J–K) meiotic metaphase I from testes (J, Helochares punctatus; K, Helochares lividus); (L) Helochares sauteri, mitosis, midgut. A, D, F, G, I–L, without treatment. B, C, E, H, C-banded. Habitus figures: (M) Agraphydrus decipiens, from Minoshima, Komarek, & Ȏhara 2015; (N) Helochares obscurus.

Figure 10 in Karyotypes of water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): new data and review of published records

Figure 10. Karyotypes of Enochrus (Lumetus). A–C, Enochrus quadripunctatus, mitosis, midgut. D–K, Enochrus fuscipennis, mitosis, midgut (H–I, specimens from Denmark, Rømø Island with the karyotypes indicating their hybrid origin). L–N, meiotic metaphase I from testes (L, Enochrus quadripunctatus, UK: East Walton, Norfolk; M–N, Enochrus fuscipennis, Denmark: Rømø Island). O–P, Enochrus fuscipennis, testes, mitotic metaphase from the same specimens as in (H–I). A, B, D, E, H, I, J, M–P, without treatment. C, F, G, K, L, C-banded.

Figure 9 in Karyotypes of water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): new data and review of published records

Figure 9. Karyotypes of Enochrus (Lumetus), mitosis from embryos. A, Enochrus bicolor. B–C, Enochrus ochropterus. D–E, Enochrus testaceus. F–K, Enochrus halophilus. A, B, D, F, H, I, without treatment. C, E, G, K, C-banded. Habitus figures: (L) Enochrus (Lumetus) testaceus; (M) Enochrus (Lumetus) halophilus.

Figure 8 in Karyotypes of water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): new data and review of published records

Figure 8. Mitotic karyotypes of the Enochrinae. A, Cymbiodyta marginella, embryo. B–D, European usual-looking species of Enochrus (Methydrus) from embryos: (B) Enochrus affinis; (C) Enochrus coarctatus; (D–E) Enochrus nigritus. F–G, unusual species assigned at the moment to Enochrus (Methydrus): (F) Enochrus morenae, midgut; (G) Enochrus sauteri, midgut. H, Enochrus (s.s.) melanocephalus, embryo. A–G, without treatment. H, C-banded. Habitus figures: (I) Cymbiodyta marginella; (J) Enochrus morenae.

Figures 60–67 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 60–67. Larva of Limnohydrobius melaenus, first instar (60–63) and third instar (64–67). 60, 64, antenna, dorsal view. 61, 65, right mandible, dorsal view. 62, 66, maxilla, dorsal view. 63, 67, maxilla, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.

Figures 90–98 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 90–98. Third instar larva of Sperchopsis tessellata. 90–92, head capsule (90, dorsal view; 91, ventral view; 92, labroclypeus). 93, antenna, dorsal view. 94, right mandible, dorsal view. 95–96, maxilla (95, dorsal view; 96, ventral view). 97–98, mentum and prementum (97, dorsal view; 98, ventral view). Scale bars: Figs 90–91: 0.1 mm, Figs 92–98: 0.05 mm.

Figures 86–89 in Larval chaetotaxy and morphology are highly homoplastic yet phylogenetically informative in Hydrobiusini water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Figures 86–89. Larva of Limnoxenus niger, first instar (86–87) and third instar (88–89). 86, 88, mentum and prementum, dorsal view. 87, 89, mentum and prementum, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.