Find research datasets worth reusing

openCC0Feb 2018View details →

Root tissue carbon and nitrogen:Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments

This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.

openCC0Mar 2018View details →

Soil bulk density:Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments

openCC0Feb 2018View details →

Soil net N mineralization over five incubation periods:Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments

openOpenFeb 2011View details →

2003 Prescribed Burn Effect on Chihuahuan Desert Grasses and Shrubs at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico: Shrub Recovery Study (2003-2009)

Disturbance from fire can affect the abundance and distribution of shrubs and grasses in arid ecosystems. In particular, fire may increase grass and forb production while hindering shrub encroachment. Therefore, prescribed fires are a common management tool for maintaining grassland habitats in the southwest. However, Bouteloua eriopoda (black grama), a dominant species in Chihuahuan Desert grassland, is highly susceptible to fire resulting in death followed by slow recovery rates. A prescribed fire on the Sevilleta National Wildlife refuge in central New Mexico in 2003 provided the opportunity to study the effects of infrequent fires on shrub invasion in this region. This study was conducted along a transition zone where creosote bushes (Larrea tridentata) are encroaching on a black grama grassland.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2020View details →

Prescribed Burn Statistical Analysis and R Code

Paper: Diversity and composition of fungal soil communities across prescribed burn areas in temperate hardwood forests Authors: S.D. Russell & M.C. Aime All of the R code for the paper and the supplemental materials required to run it. This includes the BIOM file and the metadata file. The analysis is separated by the total fungal community and a separate analysis (and R file) for the ECM analysis.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2020View details →

Cross-correlation between burned area and climate teleconnections in the Iberian Peninsula

Set of figures and html app showing the cross-correlation results between burned area and climate teleconnections in the Iberian Peninsula.

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

Data from: To burn or not to burn: comparing re-introducing fire with cutting an encroaching conifer for conservation of an imperiled shrub-steppe

Woody vegetation has increased on rangelands worldwide for the past 100-200 years, often because of reduced fire frequency. However, there is a general aversion to re-introducing fire and therefore, fire-surrogates are often used in its place to reverse woody plant encroachment. Determining the conservation effectiveness of re-introducing fire compared to fire-surrogates over different time scales is needed to improve conservation efforts. We evaluated the conservation effectiveness of re-introducing fire with a fire-surrogate (cutting) applied over the last ~30 years to control juniper (Juniperus occidentalis Hook.) encroachment on 77 sagebrush-steppe sites. Critical to conservation of this imperiled ecosystem is to limit juniper, not encourage exotic annual grasses, and promote sagebrush dominance of the overstory. Re-introducing fire was more effective than cutting at reducing juniper abundance and extending the period of time that juniper was not dominating the plant community. Sagebrush was reduced more with burning than cutting. Sagebrush, however, was predicted to be a substantial component of the overstory longer in burned than cut areas because of more effective juniper control. Variation in exotic annual grass cover was explained by environmental variables and perennial grass abundance, but not treatment, with annual grasses being problematic on hotter and drier sites with less perennial grass. This suggests that ecological memory varies along an environmental gradient. Re-introducing fire was more effective than cutting at conserving sagebrush-steppe encroached by juniper over extended time-frames; however, cutting was more effective for short-term conservation. This suggests fire and fire-surrogates both have critical roles in conservation of imperiled ecosystems.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

Data set: Burn severity and soil chemistry are weak drivers of early vegetation succession following a boreal mega-fire in a production forest landscape

Data used in the analyses of the study. Data set on soil chemistry (pH, organic content, nutrient content), plots distance to the fire perimeter, and plant communities (vascular plants and bryophytes) recorded in permanent plots on clearcuts in a burn-severity gradient two and five years following a wildfire. Data collected from a 13000 hectare wildfire that occurred in 2014, in boreal southern Sweden. Calculated trait means from data bases, and plant community data from unburned plots from another study, are are also included here.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

MOSEV: A global burn severity database from MODIS (2000-2020)

To advance in the fire discipline as well as in the study of CO2 emissions it is of great interest to develop a global database with estimators of the degree of biomass consumed by fire, which is defined as burn severity. We present the first global burn severity database (MOSEV database), which is based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectance and burned area (BA) products scenes since November 2000 to near real time. To build the database we combined Terra MOD09A1 and Aqua MYD09A1 surface reflectance products to obtain dense time series of the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) spectral index, and we used the MCD64A1 product to identify BA and the date of burning. Then, we calculated for each burned pixel the difference of the NBR (dNBR), and its relativized version (RdNBR), as well as the post-burn NBR which are the most commonly used burn severity spectral indices. The database also includes the pre-burn NBR used for calculations, the date of the pre- and post-burn NBR and the date of burning.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2021View details →

Measurement Report: Strong Impacts of Biomass Burning, Nitrogen Fertilization, and Fine Particles on Gas-phase Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)

Measurement Report: Strong Impacts of Biomass Burning, Nitrogen Fertilization, and Fine Particles on Gas-phase Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2021View details →

Datasets for "Meteorological factors associated with the timing and abundance of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus spore release" by Burns, Timmermann and Yearsley.

======++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++============== # Data Files: File: burns_etal_preprocessed_data.Rdata         This file contains the pre-processed spore count data and the cleaned meteorological data         The file contains: stations            The longitude and latitude of the two weather stations used for the metro data varStr_mean    Names of the meteorological variables windowStr        Names of the three time windows emission                  The main data frame containing the spore and meteorological data      date                     Date of a spore count recording. (POSIXlt)      year                     Year of spore count recording      month                   Month of spore count recording       day                       Day of year of spore count recording      total                      The total daily spore count      peak                     The maximum spore count each day          peak_time            The time (hours after midnight) of the maximum spore count each day      peak_time_raw    Raw value for time of maximum spore count each day      peak_time_date   Date and time (POSIXct) for maximum spore count each day =================================================== File: results_burns_etal_daily_emission_analysis_2010_2011_prop0.8.Rdata         This file gives the results for the total daily emission of spores File: results_burns_etal_daily_peaktime_analysis_2010_2011_prop0.8.Rdata         This file gives the results for the time of the daily per in spore counts ================ Both files have the same variables, which are listed below. # Setup parameters use.prop                  Proportion of the data to use for fitting model colinear_threshold  The correlation threshold to identify collinear covariates frost_var                   The name of the variable to use as a frost covariate (three possible windows) k.use                        The dimension of the basis for the smoothing thin-plate splines in the GAM nIter                          Number of Monte-Carlo random subsamples of the data seed                         The random number seed at the start of the analysis years                        The years of data to use for fitting the GAM models.                                  Leaving a year out allows it to be used as independent validation data # Outputs from the analysis var.use              The names of covariate used in the final analysis after removing collinear covariates models              A list (of length nIter) giving all the fitted models d                        A data frame with a summary of the nIter model results.                           There are nIter rows. Each row summarises the results from one GAM     The data frame contains:       r2                r-squared between the model and the validation data.                          Validation data are the (1-use.prop) proportion not used for fitting       r2_fitted.     r-squared for the data used to fit the model       dev.exp.      The explained deviance from the fitted GAM       nTerm.        The number of smooth terms in the fitted GAM       term1          The smooth term with the smallest p-value (number is an index for var.use)       term2          The smooth term with the second smallest p-value (number is an index for var.use)       term3          The smooth term with the third smallest p-value (number is an index for var.use)       termF          The smooth term with the largest F-value (number is an index for var.use) pValues             p values for each of the smooth terms (columns) for each of the nIter models (rows) FValues             F values for each of the smooth terms (columns) for each of the nIter models (rows) edf                     Estimated degrees of freedom for each of the smooth terms (columns) for each of the nIter models (rows) pValue_param   p values for each of the parametric terms (columns) in each of nIter models (rows) tVal_param.       t statistics for each of the parametric terms (columns) in each of nIter models (rows)

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Age‐dependent habitat relationships of a burned forest specialist emphasise the role of pyrodiversity in fire management

1. Variation in fire characteristics, termed pyrodiversity, plays an important role in structuring post-fire communities, but little is known about the importance of pyrodiversity for individual species. The availability of diverse post-fire habitats may be key for fire-associated species if they require different resources at different life history stages. 2. We tested for age-specific habitat relationships in the black-backed woodpecker, a post-fire specialist. We used radio-telemetry to track fledgling and adult woodpeckers in burned forests and built resource selection functions to compare the effect of stand-, tree-, and snag-level covariates between adults and fledglings. 3. Fledgling black-backed woodpeckers selected habitat with more live trees than adults, and used more heterogeneous habitats burned at lower severity, illustrating strong age-dependent effects on habitat selection. Within selected stands, fledglings were less likely to use snags and more likely to use live trees when compared to adults, but both age classes showed strong positive selection for larger-diameter trees (live and dead). Over the 60 days after leaving their nests, fledglings showed an increasing propensity to use snags rather than live trees. 4. Our results provide evidence that the predation–starvation hypothesis, which posits a trade-off between foraging efficiency and the need to minimize predation risk, plays a role in structuring the age-dependent habitat use of a burned forest specialist. Adult black-backed woodpeckers selected resources associated with food availability, but these resources occurred in relatively open, exposed habitat. Fledglings selected habitat that provided increased cover, perhaps as a strategy to reduce predation risk. 5. Synthesis and applications. Globally, fires are increasing in severity and extent, leading to increased focus on fire-associated species that play keystone roles in facilitating biodiversity resilience. Our findings suggest that a diversity of patches burned at different severities may benefit post-fire specialists like the black-backed woodpecker at multiple life history stages. The increasing prevalence of large, homogeneously high-severity "megafires" may present an emerging threat even to post-fire specialists, and we urge land managers to consider opportunities to promote pyrodiversity in the face of novel fire regimes.

opencc-zeroJan 2020View details →

Data from: The impact of prescribed burning on native bee communities (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) in longleaf pine savannas in the North Carolina sandhills

Prescribed burning is a common silvicultural practice used in the management of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) savannas to reduce hardwood encroachment and ground cover and to maintain biodiversity. We investigated the response of the native bee community (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) in the Sandhills of North Carolina to prescribed burning on a three-year rotation over two consecutive years (2012 and 2013). We deployed bee bowl traps in sites that had been burned the year of sampling, one year before, two years before, and in unburned controls. A total of 2,276 bees of 109 species were captured. Bee abundance declined with time since fire, with 2.3 times more bees captured in the most recently burned sites than in unburned controls. Bee diversity also declined with time since fire, with 2.1 times more species captured in the most recently burned sites than in controls. Bee community composition also responded to fire; we present evidence that this response was mediated in part by the effect of fire on the amount of bare ground and canopy cover. Bees nesting aboveground were unaffected by fire, contrary to our expectation that fire would destroy the wood and stems in which these species nest. Our results indicate that prescribed burning is a silvicultural practice consistent with pollinator conservation in longleaf pine ecosystems of the North Carolina sandhills.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Prescribed burning protects endangered tropical heathlands of the Arnhem Plateau, northern Australia

1. There are concerns that frequent intense fires are reducing biodiversity on the Arnhem Plateau within Kakadu National Park, northern Australia. Since the 1980s, prescribed burning in the early dry season has aimed to reduce the extent of late dry season wildfires. A programme of more strategic prescribed burning has been undertaken since 2007, aiming to increase intervals between fires affecting heathland and rain forest communities. 2. We assess the effectiveness of prescribed burning in Kakadu's Stone Country using a Landsat satellite-derived fire history (1980–2011), in terms of achieving 'tolerable fire intervals' for dominant plant communities. 3. Our analysis indicates that fire regimes have become substantially more favourable for biodiversity since the early 1980s. Although annual extent of burning has remained unchanged, two significant changes in fire regimes have occurred over the long term: (i) a switch from late dry season dominance to early dry season dominance and (ii) an increase in the abundance of long-unburnt vegetation, both of which are likely to benefit biodiversity. Demonstrating the statistical significance of changes associated with recent, more strategic fire management (2007–2011) is limited by the short duration of this management approach, although there is evidence of increasing abundance of long-unburnt vegetation during this time. 4. The view that the Arnhem Plateau's fire regimes are increasingly driving biodiversity loss (due to frequent late dry season wildfires) is erroneous; they are in a more benign state now than at any time over the last three decades, most likely due to extensive use of prescribed burning. 5. Synthesis and applications. In highly fire-prone landscapes, such as savannas, prescribed burning can be an effective means of: (i) bringing forward peak fire activity to the time of year when fire conditions are relatively mild and (ii) increasing abundance of long-unburnt vegetation. These changes are likely to favour persistence of a range of fire-sensitive communities. Our case study supports the strategic use of prescribed burning to protect fire-sensitive biota within highly fire-prone landscapes throughout the world.

opencc-zeroFeb 2020View details →

Data from: Burning savanna for avian species richness and functional diversity

Prescribed fire is used throughout fire-prone landscapes to conserve biodiversity. Current best practice in managing savanna systems advocates methods based on the assumption that increased fire-mediated landscape heterogeneity (pyrodiversity) will promote biodiversity. However, considerable knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of how savanna wildlife responds to the composition and configuration of pyrodiverse landscapes. The effects of pyrodiversity on functional diversity has rarely been quantified and assessing this relationship at a landscape scale which is commensurate with fire management is important for understanding mechanisms underlying ecosystem resilience. Here, we assess the impact of spatiotemporal variation in a long-term fire regime on avian diversity in North West Province, South Africa. <a name="_Hlk12800642">We examined the relationship between (a) species richness, (b) three indices of functional diversity</a> (i.e., functional richness, functional evenness and functional dispersion) and four measures of pyrodiversity, the spatial extents of fire age-classes, and habitat type at the landscape-scale. We then used null models to assess differences between observed and expected functional diversity. <a name="_Hlk23757785">We found that the proportion of newly-burned (<1-year post-fire), old, unburned (≥10 years post-fire), and woodland habitat on the landscape predicted species and functional richness. </a><a name="_Hlk535845085">Species richness also increased with the degree of edge contrast between patches of varying fire age, while functional dispersion increased with the degree of patch shape complexity. Lower than expected levels of functional richness suggest that habitat filtering is occurring, resulting in functional redundancy across our study sites. </a>We demonstrate that evaluating functional diversity and redundancy is an important component of conservation planning as they may contribute to previously reported fire resilience. Our findings suggest that it is the type and configuration, rather than the diversity, of fire patches on the landscape that promote avian diversity and conserve ecological functions. A management approach is needed that includes significant coverage of adjacent newly-burned and older, unburned savanna habitat; the latter, in particular, is inadequately represented under current burning practices.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Trade-offs in berry production and biodiversity under prescribed burning and retention regimes in Boreal forests

1. Green tree retention and prescribed burning are practices used to mitigate negative effects of forestry. Beside their effects on biodiversity, these practices should also promote non-timber forest products (NTFPs). We assessed: (1) how prescribed burning and tree retention influence NTFPs by examining production of bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus and cowberry; Vaccinium vitis-idaea (2) if there are synergies or trade-offs in the delivery of these NTFPs in relation to delivery of species richness, focusing on five groups of forest dwelling species. 2. We used a long-term experiment located in eastern Finland with three different harvesting treatments: clearcut-logging, logging with retention patches and unlogged, which were combined with or without prescribed burning. Eleven years after the treatment application, we scored plant cover and berry production in different microhabitats within these treatments, while species richness data for five species groups (ground-layer lichens and bryophytes, vascular plants, saproxylic beetles, pollinators – here bees and hoverflies) were collected at the stand level. 3. Logging favoured cowberry production, particularly for plants growing in the vicinity of stumps. Logging was detrimental for cover and berry production of bilberry. Retention mitigated these negative effects slightly, but cover and berry production were still substantially lower compared to unlogged forests. Prescribed burning increased cowberry production in retention patches and in unlogged forest. Bilberry production decreased with burning, except in unlogged forest where the effect was neutral. 4. No single management treatment simultaneously favoured all values - NTFPs and richness - and trade-offs among values were common. Only bilberry production and beetle diversity were higher under retention forestry, or in unlogged stands, compared to logged stands. Prescribed burning favoured many values when performed in combination with retention forestry, or in unlogged stands, but different treatment combinations favoured different species groups. 5. Synthesis and applications. Our results demonstrate that widely-applied conservation practices in managed forests are unlikely to benefit all ecosystem values everywhere. If high multi-functionality is desired, managing at a landscape scale, countering the local trade-offs among values, may be more appropriate than the stand scale conservation practices commonly practiced today.

opencc-by-nc-sa-2.0Nov 2019View details →

Cube Octahedron Lamp, Burning Man Nevada

This lamp was created for the Burning Man Event in Nevada and is on tour at the Oakland Museum in this model. A single LED cast a shadow of the cubeoctahedron's silohuette Created in RealityCapture by Capturing Reality from 82 images in 00h:43m:09s. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opennotspecifiedDec 2006View details →

FIGURE 4 A–D. Cephalodella ungulata n in Cephalodella ungulata n. sp. (Monogononta: Notommatidae), a new rotifer species from North-West Germany, with notes on C. tenuiseta (Burn, 1890)

FIGURE 4 A–D. Cephalodella ungulata n. sp., habitus (S.E.M. photographs, A, C, D lying on the dorsal side). A: lateral view B: dorsal view C: frontal view, rotatory organ D: caudal view.

opennotspecifiedDec 2006View details →

FIGURE 2 A–F. Cephalodella ungulata n in Cephalodella ungulata n. sp. (Monogononta: Notommatidae), a new rotifer species from North-West Germany, with notes on C. tenuiseta (Burn, 1890)

FIGURE 2 A–F. Cephalodella ungulata n. sp., trophi (S.E.M. photographs). A: dorso-lateral view B: lateral view C: ventro-lateral view D: caudal view E: frontal view F: ventral view.