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FIGURE 6 in Applying n-dimensional hypervolumes for species delimitation: unexpected molecular, morphological, and ecological diversity in the Leaf-Toed Gecko Phyllodactylus reissii Peters, 1862 (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) from northern Peru

FIGURE 6. Phyllodactylus pachamama sp. nov. from the type locality (Balsas, Amazonas, Peru) in life.

FIGURE 4. N in Applying n-dimensional hypervolumes for species delimitation: unexpected molecular, morphological, and ecological diversity in the Leaf-Toed Gecko Phyllodactylus reissii Peters, 1862 (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) from northern Peru

FIGURE 4. N-dimensional hypervolumes representing the climatic niches of the delimited species in the Phyllodactylus reissii group. Circles mark centroids and outlines are the 90% confidence interval of the hypervolumes (note that these only approximate the actual hypervolumes and are only used for a more clear illustration).

Fig. 10 in Descriptions of a new species and the gyne in the rarely collected arboreal genera Paratopula and Rotastruma (Hymenopytera: Formicidae) from Hong Kong, with a discussion on their ecology

Fig. 10. Specimen of R. stenoceps Bolton examined in A) profile view. B) dorsal view. C) full face view.

Fig. 6. Locations specimens for P in Descriptions of a new species and the gyne in the rarely collected arboreal genera Paratopula and Rotastruma (Hymenopytera: Formicidae) from Hong Kong, with a discussion on their ecology

Fig. 6. Locations specimens for P. bauhinia sp. n. were collected for A) the holotype and B) the two paratypes. Arrows indicates exact location of P. bauhinia sp. n. collection.

Fig. 9. A in Descriptions of a new species and the gyne in the rarely collected arboreal genera Paratopula and Rotastruma (Hymenopytera: Formicidae) from Hong Kong, with a discussion on their ecology

Fig. 9. A dorsal view comparison of the postpetiole in A) P. ceylonica with globular-shaped postpetiole (from AntWeb 2016, CASENT0908985, photographed by Zach Lieberman), B) P. bauhinia (holotype) with roughly trapezoidal-shaped postpetiole, and anterior margin shorter than the posterior margin.

Fig. 8. A in Descriptions of a new species and the gyne in the rarely collected arboreal genera Paratopula and Rotastruma (Hymenopytera: Formicidae) from Hong Kong, with a discussion on their ecology

Fig. 8. A dorsal view comparison of the anterior margin the pronotum in A) P. demeta (from AntWeb 2016, CASENT0901742, photographed by Will Ericson), pronotal humeri and the median portion of anterior margin of the pronotum angular. B) P. catocha (from AntWeb 2016 CASENT0901743, photographed by Ryan Perry). Pronotal humeri and the median portion of anterior margin of the pronotum round.

Fig. 7. A in Descriptions of a new species and the gyne in the rarely collected arboreal genera Paratopula and Rotastruma (Hymenopytera: Formicidae) from Hong Kong, with a discussion on their ecology

Fig. 7. A dorsal view comparison of the propodeal spines inA) P. zhengi (from pers. comm., holotype, photographed by Zheng Hui Xu). Propodeal spines taper B) P. bauhinia (holotype). Propodeal spines rounded.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of the sessile crinoid Holopus d'Orbigny from the tropical western Atlantic, with comments on holopodid ecology (Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Holopodidae)

FIGURE 2. Holopus mikihe new species, holotype, USNM E41507. A, B, crown, about 33 mm high. A, note the 'mailed fist' appearance produced by the tuberculate, near-spinose proximal secundibrachials. B, reverse side of crown with C ray arm removed. C–F, C ray arm. C, F, lateral views; note pinnulation and profiles of large, aboral tubercles of proximal secundibrachs. D, aboral view. E, adoral view. Note that the specimen had an arm removed after it was examined by S.K.D. in 1989 (see Figure 1).

FIGURE 1 in A new species of the sessile crinoid Holopus d'Orbigny from the tropical western Atlantic, with comments on holopodid ecology (Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Holopodidae)

FIGURE 1. Holopus mikihe new species, holotype, USNM E41507, A-ray central (after Donovan, 1992, figure 1.2). Crown about 33 mm high.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of the sessile crinoid Holopus d'Orbigny from the tropical western Atlantic, with comments on holopodid ecology (Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Holopodidae)

FIGURE 3. Holopus from the tropical western Atlantic Ocean, Bahamas, in life position. A–D, F, Holopus rangii d'Orbigny, 1837. A, Johnson-Sea-Link I Dive 2276, 369m. Attached to overhang with arms opened for feeding, near-straight to curved. B, Johnson-Sea- Link I Dive 2051, 654–488m. Arms closed. C, Johnson-Sea-Link I Dive 2260, 619m. Arms open and forming an open 'cage'. D, Johnson-Sea-Link II Dive 1497, 591m. Arms widely open, with tips of some arms recurved. F, Johnson-Sea-Link I Dive 2276, 396 m. Oblique view into a feeding 'cage'. Note that some arms appear to be in contact with the substrate. E, Holopus mikihe new species, holotype, USNM E41507. Johnson-Sea-Link II Dive 1501, 758 m. Arms closed.

FIGURES 21–26 in Taxonomic review of the stem-inhabiting trehala-constructing Larinus Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): New species, systematics and ecology

FIGURES 21–26. Echinops orientalis, host plant of L. capsulatus sp. n. 22– habitat of L. capsulatus sp. n. at Aras Valley. 23– capsule (trehala) of L. rudicollis. 24– new generation adult of L. rudicollis emerging from capsule. 25– capsule of L. hedenborgi dorsal view; 26– ventral view of capsule.

FIGURES 1–4 in Taxonomic review of the stem-inhabiting trehala-constructing Larinus Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): New species, systematics and ecology

FIGURES 1–4. Dorsal habitas of trehala-building Larinus species. 1, Larinus capsulatus sp. n., male, holotype; 2, L. rudicollis, lectotype; 3, L. hedenborgi, lectotype; 4, L. nidificans, male.

FIGURES 5–14. 5–8 in Taxonomic review of the stem-inhabiting trehala-constructing Larinus Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): New species, systematics and ecology

FIGURES 5–14. 5–8. Dorsal aspect of aedeagus. 5, Larinus nidificans; 6, L. hedenborgi; 7, L. rudicollis; 8, L. capsulatus sp. n. 9–14. Female genitalia; 9, tergite VIII of L. capsulatus; 10, tergite VIII of L. rudicollis; 11, spermatheca of L. capsulatus; 12, sternite VIII of L. capsulatus; 13, sternite VIII of L. rudicollis; 14, spermatheca of L. rudicollis.

FIGURES 15–20 in Taxonomic review of the stem-inhabiting trehala-constructing Larinus Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): New species, systematics and ecology

FIGURES 15–20. Life stages of L. capsulatus sp. n. (Aras Valley, 2003). 15– oviposition mark; 16– eggs in petiole; 17– larva in capsule (trehala); 18– capsules on stem; 19– pupa in capsule (trehala); 20– newly emerged adult.

FIGURE 9. Oligobregma mucronata n in New species of Scalibregmatidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the East Antarctic Peninsula including a description of the ecology and post-larval development of species of Scalibregma and Oligobregma

FIGURE 9. Oligobregma mucronata n. sp. Photomicrographs: A, holotype, Sta. NBP-21 (LACM-AHF Poly 7013), anterior half of body in ventral view; B, posterior parapodium, anterior view; C, same parapodium, detail of dorsal cirrus and internal glands; D, same parapodium, detail of ventral cirrus and internal glands; E‒I, developmental series of the prostomium (E, Sta. NBP-18, 20 setigers, 2.4 mm long; F, Sta.NBP-21, 22 setigers, 2.8 mm long; G, Sta. NBP-04, 24 setigers, 3.0 mm long; H, Sta. NBP-13, 28 setigers, 4.0 mm long; I, Sta. NBP-21, 30 setigers, 9.5 mm long); J, sperm packets from specimen from Sta. NBP- 20; K, capillaries and lyrate setae from a posterior notopodium from Sta. NBP-21. Abbreviations: dC, dorsal cirrus, vC, ventral cirrus.

FIGURE 8. Oligobregma mucronata n in New species of Scalibregmatidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the East Antarctic Peninsula including a description of the ecology and post-larval development of species of Scalibregma and Oligobregma

FIGURE 8. Oligobregma mucronata n. sp. Paratypes, Sta. NBP-21 (LACM-AHF-Poly 7014): A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end, ventral view; C, large notopodial spines from setiger 2; D, lyrate seta from posterior setiger; E, posterior parapodium, anterior view; F, pygidium, dorsal view. Abbreviations: dC, dorsal cirrus, intP; interramal papilla; lL, lower lip of mouth; neP, neuropodium; noP, notopodium; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; uL, upper lip of mouth, vC, ventral cirrus; vG, ventral groove.

FIGURE 7. Pseudoscalibregma palmeri n in New species of Scalibregmatidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the East Antarctic Peninsula including a description of the ecology and post-larval development of species of Scalibregma and Oligobregma

FIGURE 7. Pseudoscalibregma palmeri n. sp. Photomicrographs of holotype, Sta. NBP-03 (LACM-AHF-Poly 7009): A, anterior and middle body segments, dorsal view; B, anterior end, ventral view; C, posterior parapodium, posterior view; D, same, detail of dorsal cirrus; E, same, detail of ventral cirrus. Abbreviations: dC, dorsal cirrus, intP; interramal papilla; neP, neuropodium; noP, notopodium; vC, ventral cirrus.

FIGURE 6. Pseudoscalibregma palmeri n in New species of Scalibregmatidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the East Antarctic Peninsula including a description of the ecology and post-larval development of species of Scalibregma and Oligobregma

FIGURE 6. Pseudoscalibregma palmeri n. sp. Holotype, Sta. NBP-03 (LACM-AHF-Poly 7009): A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end, ventral view; C, detail of interparapodial papilla; D, short spinous setae from setiger 1; E, lyrate seta from middle body setiger.—Pseudoscalibregma bransfieldium: F, short spinous setae from setiger 1; G, posterior parapodium, anterior view. Abbreviations: dC, dorsal cirrus, intP; interramal papilla; lL, lower lip of mouth; neP, neuropodium; noP, notopodium, per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; uL, upper lip of mouth, vC, ventral cirrus; vG, ventral groove.

FIGURE 1. Scalibregma australis n in New species of Scalibregmatidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the East Antarctic Peninsula including a description of the ecology and post-larval development of species of Scalibregma and Oligobregma

FIGURE 1. Scalibregma australis n. sp. SEMs from Sta. NBP 29: A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, same specimen showing details of prostomium, peristomium, and setiger 1; C, anterior end of another specimen, right lateral view; D, posterior end, right lateral view; E, parapodia from posterior setigers, right lateral view; F, notosetae from setiger 1, with anterior row of short spinous setae (arrows) and three rows of capillaries; G, detail of two short neuropodial spinous from setiger 1 and bases of two capillaries with numerous short bristles or fibril endings; H, four lyrate neurosetae from setiger 2; I, same, detail of a single lyrate seta with plate-like bristles along interior margin of tynes. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; dC, dorsal cirrus, frH, frontal horn, intP; interramal papilla; lL, lower lip of mouth; mo, mouth; neP, neuropodium; noP, notopodium; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; pyg, pygidium; uL, upper lip of mouth, vC, ventral cirrus; vG, ventral groove.

FIGURE 3. Scalibregma australis n in New species of Scalibregmatidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the East Antarctic Peninsula including a description of the ecology and post-larval development of species of Scalibregma and Oligobregma

FIGURE 3. Scalibregma australis n. sp. Photomicrographs of Paratypes Sta. NBP-01 (LACM-AHF Poly 7001): A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end, ventral view; C, entire animal, ventral view; D‒E, dorsal cirri from middle (D) and posterior (E) parapodia showing internal glands; F‒G, ventral cirri from middle (F) and posterior (G) parapodia showing internal glands; H, oocytes, from parts of ovaries; I‒L, oocytes in different stages of maturation; M, sperm packet with sperm nuclei and flagella visible. Abbreviations: dC, dorsal cirrus, vC, ventral cirrus; vG, ventral groove.