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FIGURE 29 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 29. First dorsal fin (A) and second dorsal fin (B) of holotype of Squalus bahiensis sp. nov. (MNRJ 30180, adult male, 590 mm TL). Scale bars: 20 mm.
FIGURE 23 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 23. Pelvic fin and right clasper cartilages of (A) Squalus lobularis sp. nov. (UERJ 1661, paratype) in dorsal view; (B) detail of cartilages in ventral view. Abbreviations: abv, anterior pelvic basal; ax, axial cartilage; bpt, basipterygium; b1, intermediate segment;, beta cartilage; fvn, foramen for ventral fin nerves; g, end-style; lpp, lateral prepelvic process; pub, puboischiadic bar; p2, pelvic fin; rl, radials; rd, dorsal marginal cartilage; rv, ventral marginal cartilage; td, dorsal terminal cartilage (claw); td2, dorsal terminal 2 cartilage; tv, ventral terminal cartilage; t3, accessory terminal cartilage (spur). Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIGURE 22 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 22. Neurocranium of paratype of Squalus lobularis (UERJ 1661, paratype) in (A) dorsal, (B) ventral and (C) lateral views. Abbreviations: ba, basal angle; bp, basal plate; btp, basitrabecular process; cp1, first cartilaginous process; csa, anterior semicircular canal; csl, lateral semicircular canal; csp, posterior semicircular canal; ec, ethmoidal canal; elf, endolymphatic foramen; ep, epiphysial pit; es, eye-stalk; fca, foramen for carotid artery; foa, foramen for orbital artery; fopp, profundus canal; fops, series of foramina for superficial ophthalmic branch of trigeminal and facial nerves; gb, glossopharyngeal base; hmf, hyomandibular facet; hmVII, foramen for hyomandibularis facialis; lra, lateral rostral appendage; mra, median rostral appendage; ns, nasal capsule; oc, otic capsule; occ, occipital condyle; opp, opisthotic process; otc, otic crest; pcf, precerebral fossa; pecet, ectethmoid process; plf, perilymphatic foramen; poc, preorbital canal; pop, postorbital process; potp, prootic process; pow, preorbital wall; psb, efferent pseudobranchial artery foramen; r, rostrum; rk, rostral keel; sec, subethmoid chamber; sep, supraethmoidal process; ser, subethmoidean ridge; snf, subnasal fenestra; soc, supraorbital crest; II, optic foramen; III, oculomotor foramen; IV, trochlear foramen; V, V I I, foramen prooticum; VI, abducens foramen; IX, foramen for glossopharyngeal nerve.
FIGURE 21 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 21. Dermal denticles of Squalus lobularis. (A, B) holotype (HUMZ 91806, juvenile female); (C, D) paratype (UERJ 1661, adult male). Scale bars: 200 ìm (A–C); 50 ìm (D).
FIGURE 9 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 9. Pectoral fin (A) and girdle (B) of Squalus acanthias (HUMZ 30173, adult male). Abbreviations: co, coracoid bar; dpf, m. depressor pectoralis facet; fd, diazonal foramen; ms, mesopterygium; mt, metapterygium; mtx, metapterygial axis; pr, propterygium; rl, radials; sc, scapula; *, segmented processes of coracoid bar. Scale bar: 10 mm.
FIGURE 14 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 14. Teeth of holotypes of (A) Squalus tasmaniensis (MCZ 146-S, neonate female) and (B) Squalus barbouri (MCZ 1463-S, neonate female).
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 1. Cranial measurements for species of Squalus, modified from Muñoz-Chápuli & Ramos (1986) and Compagno (1988).
FIGURE 6 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 6. Variations of dorsolateral white spots on Squalus acanthias. (A) single and isolated (HUMZ 30285, adult male); (B) fused (HUMZ 30200, adult male); (C) double series (HUMZ 104955, neonate male). Scale bar: 50 mm.
FIGURE 2. Squalus acanthias from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, ZMH 108038 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 2. Squalus acanthias from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, ZMH 108038, adult male, 670 mm TL in (A) lateral and (B) ventral views (scale bar: 50 mm); (C) detail of first and (D) second dorsal fins (scale bar: 20 mm).
FIGURE 5 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 5. Left clasper of Squalus acanthias in dorsal view (ZMH 104951, adult male, 715 mm TL). Abbreviations: ap, apopyle; cg, clasper groove; hp, hypopyle; p2, pelvic fin; rh, rhipidion; td, dorsal terminal cartilage (claw); t3, accessory terminal cartilage (spur). Scale bar: 10 mm.
FIGURE 10 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 10. Radiograph of Squalus acanthias in ventral view (ZMH 104461, adult female) showing the pectoral girdle. Abbreviations: co, coracoid bar; ms, mesopterygium; p1, pectoral fin; rl, radials; *, segmented processes of coracoid bar.
FIGURE 13 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 13. Map of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, showing the distribution of Squalus acanthias based on material examined.
FIGURE 17 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 17. Upper (A) and lower (B) teeth of holotype of Squalus lobularis (HUMZ 91806, juvenile female, 557 mm TL) in labial view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIGURE 16 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 16. Holotype of Squalus lobularis sp. nov. (HUMZ 91806, juvenile female, 557 mm TL) in (A) lateral and (B) ventral views. Scale bar: 50 mm.
FIGURE 8 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 8. Neurocranium of Squalus acanthias (ZMH 104416, adult male). (A) dorsal view; (B) ventral view; (C) lateral view. Abbreviations: ba, basal angle; bp, basal plate; btp, basitrabecular process; cp1, first cartilaginous process; cr, cranial roof; csa, anterior semicircular canal; csl, lateral semicircular canal; csp, posterior semicircular canal; ec, ethmoidal canal; eec, ectethmoid chamber; elf, endolymphatic foramen; ep, epiphysial pit; es, eye-stalk; fca, foramen for carotid artery; feld, endolymphatic fossa; foa, foramen for orbital artery; fopp, profundus canal; fops, series of foramina for superficial ophthalmic branch of trigeminal and facial nerves; gb, glossopharyngeal base; hmf, hyomandibular facet; hmVII, foramen for hyomandibularis facialis; lag, lateral auditory groove; lra, lateral rostral appendage; mrp, median rostral prominence; ns, nasal capsule; oc, otic capsule; occ, occipital condyle; opp, opisthotic process; otc, otic crest; pcf, precerebral fossa; pecet, ectethmoid process; plf, perilymphatic foramen; poc, preorbital canal; pop, postorbital process; potp, prootic process; pow, preorbital wall; ppe, preorbital process; psb, efferent pseudobranchial artery foramen; r, rostrum; rk, rostral keel; sec, subethmoid chamber; sep, supraethmoidal process; ser, subethmoidean ridge; snf, subnasal fenestra; soc, supraorbital crest; sphr, sphenopterotic ridge; II, optic foramen; III, oculomotor foramen; IV, trochlear foramen; V, V I I, foramen prooticum; VI, abducens foramen; IX, foramen for glossopharyngeal nerve. Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIGURE 15 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 15. Dermal denticles of holotypes of (A) Squalus tasmaniensis (MCZ 146-S) and (B) Squalus barbouri (MCZ 1463- S) in ventral view.
FIGURE 12 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 12. Clasper cartilages, right side, of Squalus acanthias (ZMH 104416, adult male). (A) detail of terminal cartilages in dorsal view; (B) ventral view. Abbreviations: ax, axial cartilage; b1, intermediate segment; rd, dorsal marginal cartilage; rv, ventral marginal cartilage; td, dorsal terminal cartilage (claw); td2, dorsal terminal 2 cartilage; tv, ventral terminal cartilage; t3, accessory terminal cartilage (spur). Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIGURE 11 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 11. Right pelvic clasper of Squalus acanthias (ZMH 104416) in ventral view. Abbreviations: abv, anterior pelvic basal; bpt, basipterygium; fvn, foramen for ventral fin nerves; lpp, lateral prepelvic process; pub, puboischiadic bar; p2, pelvic fin; rl, radials. Scale bar: 10 mm.
FIGURE 7 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 7. Dermal denticles of Squalus acanthias. (A, C) HUMZ 30200, adult male; (B) HUMZ 30303, juvenile female; (D) BMNH 1999.5.4.15, adult female. Scale bars: 200 ìm (A, B); 50 ìm (C); 100 ìm (D).
FIGURE 3 in Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae)
FIGURE 3. Anterior margin of nostrils of Squalus acanthias. (A) HUMZ 30285, adult male, 720 mm TL; (B) HUMZ 104416, adult female, 755 mm TL; (C) BMNH 1999.5.4.13, juvenile female, 448 mm TL.
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