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5,145 results for “CO₂”
KORUS-AQ gridded O3, NOx, and CO observations created using ground station data
<p>We present gridded surface air quality datasets over South Korea for three key species – ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) during the timeframe of the Korea–US Air Quality (KORUS–AQ) mission (May–June 2016). The tenth degree hourly averaged abundances are constructed from the 300+ air quality network sites using inverse distance weighting with simple declustering. Cross–comparing the interpolated fields against the site data that was used to create them reveals high prediction skill for O<sub>3</sub> (80%) throughout South Korea, and moderate skill (60%) for CO and NOx on average in densely observed regions after individual mean bias corrections. The gridded O<sub>3</sub> and CO interpolations predict the NASA DC–8 observations in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) with high skill (80%) in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) after subtracting the mean bias. DC–8 NOx observations were much less predictable on account of consistently negative vertical gradients within the PBL. Our gridded products capture the mean and variability of O<sub>3</sub> throughout South Korea, and of CO and surface NO<sub>x</sub> in most site–dense urban centres (SMA, Cheongju, Gwangju, Daegu, Changwon, and Busan).</p>
Co-Dispersion Delivery Systems with Solubilizing Carriers Improving the Solubility and Permeability of Cannabinoids (Cannabidiol, Cannabidiolic Acid, and Cannabichromene) from Cannabis sativa (Henola Variety) Inflorescences
<p>Article, Dataset for article</p> <p> </p> <h2>Abstract</h2> <div>Cannabinoids: cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabichromene (CBC) are lipophilic compounds with limited water solubility, resulting in challenges related to their bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy upon oral administration. To overcome these limitations, we developed co-dispersion cannabinoid delivery systems with the biopolymer polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol (Soluplus) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin US2) to improve solubility and permeability. Recognizing the potential therapeutic benefits arising from the entourage effect, we decided to work with an extract instead of isolated cannabinoids. <span>Cannabis sativa</span> inflorescences (Henola variety) with a confirming neuroprotective activity were subjected to dynamic supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (scCO<sub>2</sub>) extraction and next they were combined with carriers (1:1 mass ratio) to prepare the co-dispersion cannabinoid delivery systems (HiE). In vitro dissolution studies were conducted to evaluate the solubility of CBD, CBDA, and CBC in various media (pH 1.2, 6.8, fasted, and fed state simulated intestinal fluid). The HiE-Soluplus delivery systems consistently demonstrated the highest dissolution rate of cannabinoids. Additionally, HiE-Soluplus exhibited the highest permeability coefficients for cannabinoids in gastrointestinal tract conditions than it was during the permeability studies using model PAMPA GIT. All three cannabinoids exhibited promising blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (P<sub>app</sub> higher than 4.0 × 10<sup>−6</sup> cm/s), suggesting their potential to effectively cross into the central nervous system. The improved solubility and permeability of cannabinoids from the HiE-Soluplus delivery system hold promise for enhancement in their bioavailability.</div> <div> <div> <div>Keywords: </div> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabidiol">cannabidiol</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabidiolic+acid">cannabidiolic acid</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabichromene">cannabichromene</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabis">cannabis</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=solubility">solubility</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=permeability">permeability</a></div> </div>
Co-curricular Quantitative Data Analytics Training Program (CQDATP) for Undergraduate Natural Science Students
<p>While data analytics has increasingly become an essential skill for various professionals in natural science fields, college curricula often cannot be updated frequently to meet the emerging changes of the workforce’s needs. A drastic curricular change is particularly difficult at small colleges with limited availability of faculty. This study proposes a co-curricular training program that enables natural science students to master skills of applying quantitative data analytics on real datasets without requiring a significant curricular change. The training program was developed and implemented as a sequence of in-person one-hour training sessions at a small four-year college. The results show that the approach is effective in improving students’ data analytics skills. This program can be adapted by other small institutions to achieve similar goals.</p> <p> </p> <p>This dataset include the training materials and deidentified student performance and survey responses. </p>
LC-MS/MS data for WT human PANX1 with or without co-expressing Src-Y529F mutant
<p>Protein phosphorylation is one of the major molecular mechanisms regulating protein activity and function throughout the cell. Pannexin 1 (PANX1) is a large-pore channel permeable to ATP and other cellular metabolites. Its tyrosine phosphorylation and subsequent activation have been found to play critical roles in diverse cellular conditions, including neuronal cell death, acute inflammation, and smooth muscle contraction. Specifically, the non-receptor kinase Src has been reported to phosphorylate Tyr198 and Tyr308 of mouse PANX1 (equivalent to Tyr199 and Tyr309 of human PANX1), resulting in channel opening and ATP release. Although the Src-dependent PANX1 activation mechanism has been widely discussed in the literature, independent validation of the tyrosine phosphorylation of PANX1 has been lacking. Here, we show that commercially available antibodies against the two phosphorylation sites mentioned above—which were used to identify endogenous PANX1 phosphorylation at these two sites—are nonspecific and should not be used to interpret results related to PANX1 phosphorylation. We further provide evidence that neither tyrosine residue is a major phosphorylation site for Src kinase in heterologous expression systems. We call on the field to re-examine the existing paradigm of tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent activation of the PANX1 channel.</p>
Remotely controlled 3D-engineered scaffolds for biomimetic in vitro investigations on brain cell co-cultures
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dataset from J. Am. Chem. Soc. paper: H and CO Co-induced Roughening of Cu Surface in CO2 Electroreduction Conditions
<p>Dataset from J. Am. Chem. Soc. paper: H and CO Co-induced Roughening of Cu Surface in CO2 Electroreduction Conditions</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li>GCGA.zip <ul> <li>step1_init_gen<br>random structure generation for the initial population of the GCGA search</li> <li>step2_init_opt<br> batch optimization of the initial population</li> <li>step3_gcga<br>GCGA search</li> <li>result<br>ASE database of all sampled structures from GCGA searches for Cu (100), (111), and (711)</li> </ul> </li> <li>GCDFT.zip <ul> <li>input_example<br>input files for surface charging calculations of optimized slabs</li> <li>result<br>ASE database of all GCDFT-calculated low energy local minima for Cu (100), (111), and (711)</li> </ul> </li> <li>MC_LSV.zip <ul> <li>input_example<br>input files for running a simulated cathodic scan using the quasi-kinetic MC</li> <li>result_parsed<br>trajectory of key info of each simulation</li> </ul> </li> <li>MC_CA.zip <ul> <li>input_example<br>input files for running a constant potential simulation using the quasi-kinetic MC</li> <li>result_parsed<br>trajectory of key info of each simulation</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>GCGA and GCDFT calculations are performed using the workflow or wrapper in the GOCIA package (https://github.com/zishengz/gocia)</p>
Data from: Preparation of Pt and bamboo charcoal co-modified TiO2 for formaldehyde sensing at room temperature
<p>Anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> has evolved to be one of the most attractive materials for gas sensing due to its strong oxidation activity and excellent sensing properties. In this study, we prepared a Pt and bamboo charcoal co-modified nano-TiO<sub>2</sub> using one-pot hydrothermal process and applied it for detection of formaldehyde. The successful incorporation of precious metal Pt and bamboo charcoal onto TiO<sub>2</sub> was confirmed by SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, and XPS. These modifiers significantly improved the response of TiO<sub>2</sub> to formaldehyde, e.g., the response signal increased by 4 times, while the response time decreased from 91.05 to 67.76 s. The sample with 0.5@Pt and 0.5@C bamboo charcoal performed the best. Our work showed the potential of using biomass-derived carbon to improve the detection of formaldehyde.</p>
WP5 Datasets of empirical testing of co-created tools (Task 5.1, Task 5.4, D5.4)
<p>The datasets are part of WP5 and the Report on the evaluation of effectiveness of tools (D5.4). This includes one study on the forum tool and one study on an energy community website on which the handbook tool is based (Task 5.4). Additionally, there is one follow up study on the predictors of interest in such an energy community website and a survey of already available energy community and energy citizenship tools by energy community members (Task 5.1). </p>
Planteome/CO_338-chickpea-traits: CO_338-chickpea-traits ontology
<p>Chickpea Trait Dictionary in template v5 - ICRISAT - July 2015</p>
Planteome/CO_345-brachiaria-traits: CO_345-brachiaria-traits ontology
<p>Brachiaria (forages) ontology TD v5 - Version Oct 2016</p>
Planteome/CO_359-sunflower-traits: CO_359-sunflower-traits Ontology
<p>December 2019</p>
VORTEX 01: Analytic solution of the flow, aeroacoustic source and acoustic field from a co-rotating vortex pair
<div>This aeroacoustic reference example (often referred in literature as "Co-rotating vortex pair") provides the analytic solution of the flow, aeroacoustic source and acoustic field. Details on the example and derivation can be found in the article "Analysis of the co-rotating vortex pair as a test case for computational aeroacoustics" on which the analytic functions are based on can be found here: <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2024.118496" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.1016/j.jsv.2024.118496</a>. The following Matlab functions can be used for computing the aero-acoustic radiation of a co-rotating vortex pair:</div> <div> </div> <div><strong>Main script:</strong></div> <div>compute_pfar - Computes the radiated acoustic field. Use the "method" variable to change the aeroacoustic model</div> <div> </div> <div><strong>Computing the source terms:</strong></div> <div>vpair_pic - Incompressible pressure field p_ic and Dp_ic / Dt at a given time instance</div> <div>vpair_u - Velocity field u, and its first and second spatial derivatives at a given time instance</div> <div> </div> <div>plot_source_terms - Create a plot of the source terms of both Lighthill and PCWE</div> <div>plot_quadrupole_field - Plots the analytical quadrupole field solution</div> <div> </div> <div><strong>Utility functions used by the main script:</strong></div> <div>gaussquad - Gauss-Legendre quadrature in 1D (original version from Mathworks FTP)</div> <div>subdiv_graded - Graded subdivision of one or more sections in 1D</div> <div>vpair_quadrature - Quadrature base points and weights for numerical convolution</div> <div> </div> <div><strong>Resource:</strong></div> <div>colormap.png - Blue -> Gray -> Red color scale</div> <div> </div> <div>All functions and scripts, except gaussquad.m were created by the authors:</div> <div>P. Rucz, M. Á. Ulveczki, J. Heinz, S. Schoder</div>
Fig. 1 in Morphological and molecular description of Ixodes woyliei n. sp. (Ixodidae) with consideration for co-extinction with its critically endangered marsupial host
Fig. 1 Locatcons of Bettongia penicillata populatcons where samples were obtacned
Viral diversity and co-evolutionary dynamics across the ant phylogeny
<p>This repository contains the alignment file and phylogeny of every viral clade assessed in this study. The viral phylogenies are in Newick format as well as a pdf and contain bootstrap values greater than 50. The alignment files are in PHYLIP format. Additionally, this repository contains nucleotide sequences of every viral sequence identified in this study and it is entitled: "final_viruses_contigs.fasta" in fasta format. </p>
Response of soil fungal communities and their co-occurrence patterns to grazing exclusion in different grassland types
<p>Overgrazing and climate change are the main causes of grassland degradation, and grazing exclusion is one of the most common measures for restoring degraded grasslands worldwide. Soil fungi can respond rapidly to environmental stresses, but the response of different grassland types to grazing control has not been uniformly determined. Three grassland types (temperate desert, temperate steppe grassland, and mountain meadow) that were closed for grazing exclusion for nine years were used to study the effects of grazing exclusion on soil nutrients as well as fungal community structure in the three grassland types. The results showed that (1) in the 0–5 cm soil layer, grazing exclusion significantly affected the soil water content of the three grassland types (<em>P</em><0.05), and the pH, total phosphorous (TP) and nitrogen-to-phosphorous ratio (N/P) changed significantly in all three grassland types (<em>P</em><0.05). Significant changes in soil nutrients in the 5–10 cm soil layer after grazing exclusion occurred in the mountain meadow grasslands (<em>P</em><0.05), but not in the temperate desert and temperate steppe grasslands. (2) For the different grassland types, Archaeorhizomycetes was most abundant in the montane meadows, and Dothideomycetes was most abundant in the temperate desert grasslands and was significantly more abundant than in the remaining two grassland types (<em>P</em><0.05). Grazing exclusion let to insignificant changes in the dominant soil fungal phyla and in α diversity but significant changes in the β diversity of soil fungi (<em>P</em><0.05). (3) Grazing exclusion areas have higher mean clustering coefficients and modularity classes than grazing areas. In particular, the highest modularity class is found in temperate steppe grassland grazing exclusion areas. (4) We also found that pH is the main driving factor affecting soil fungal community structure, that plant coverage is a key environmental factor affecting soil community composition, and that grazing exclusion indirectly affects soil fungal communities by affecting soil nutrients. The above results suggest that grazing exclusion may regulate microbial ecological processes by changing the soil fungal β diversity in the three grassland types. Grazing exclusion is not conducive to the recovery of soil nutrients in areas with mountain meadow but improves the stability of soil fungi in temperate steppe grassland. Therefore, the type of degraded grassland should be considered when formulating suitable restoration programmes when grazing exclusion measures are implemented. The results of this study provide new insights into the response of soil fungal communities to grazing exclusion, providing a theoretical basis for the management of degraded grassland restoration.</p>
Seasonal precipitation distribution determines ecosystem CO₂ and H₂O exchange by regulating spring soil water-salt dynamics in a brackish wetland
<p>The intensification of the global hydrological cycle is anticipated to increase the variability of precipitation patterns. Brackish wetlands respond to changes in precipitation patterns by regulating the absorption and release of CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O to maintain the stability of ecosystem functions. However, there is limited understanding of how the inter-seasonal precipitation distribution affects ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O exchange compared to annual precipitation totals. Here, we conducted four consecutive years of field experiments in a brackish wetland, manipulating the proportion of precipitation across different seasons while maintaining a constant annual precipitation total. We utilized five inter-seasonal precipitation distribution proportions (+73%, +56%, control (CK), -56%, and -73%) to examine the effects of seasonal precipitation distribution (SPD) on ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O exchange. Our findings revealed that the ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O fluxes showed a trend of decreasing with the decrease of spring precipitation distribution. Among them, the annual net ecosystem CO<sub>2 </sub>exchange (NEE), evapotranspiration (ET), carbon use efficiency (CUE), and water use efficiency (WUE) were shown to be more sensitive to decrease in spring precipitation distribution and increase in summer and autumn precipitation distribution. This negative asymmetric response pattern suggests that annual ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O exchange is primarily governed by seasonal precipitation variability, with spring soil water-salt dynamics identified as the key driver. Therefore, this association can be explained by the fact that drought of the early growth stage exacerbates soil salinization and inhibits vegetation colonization and growth, thereby greatly impairing the annual CO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O exchange capacity of brackish wetlands. Our results emphasized that the spring's extreme precipitation-induced soil water-salt conditions will greatly influence CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O exchange in brackish wetlands in the future. These findings are crucial for improving predictions of the carbon sequestration and water-holding capacity of brackish wetlands.</p>
Data from: Community ecology in a bottle: Leveraging eDNA metabarcoding data to predict occupancy of co-occurring species
<p>Detecting environmental DNA (eDNA) of numerous organisms from the same samples has been revolutionized by metabarcoding. However, utilizing the vast amounts of data generated from metabarcoding to predict occupancy probabilities for co-occurring species is currently rare. Here, we demonstrate how metabarcoding data can be used to advance community ecology research through a case study using replicate stream water samples and Bayesian occupancy models to test hypotheses of eDNA occurrence for a native fish (brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis), its major ectoparasite (gill lice, Salmincola edwardsii), and an introduced potential competitor (brown trout, Salmo trutta). Gill lice DNA occupancy was positively associated with brook trout biomass determined via electrofishing conducted near eDNA sampling sites, suggesting gill lice occupancy is dependent on host density. Leveraging site-specific molecular operational taxonomic units identified from metabarcoding, DNA occupancy of trout and gill lice was often positively predicted by species richness of aquatic insect orders trout commonly feed on, which are also environmental quality indicators. Thus, high-quality habitat that environmentally sensitive salmonids and their primary prey rely on may promote higher fish occupancy rates, further facilitating the spread of fish parasites. An increasing amount of community-level data is being generated from global metabarcoding efforts, and we suggest our framework could be broadly implemented to enhance understanding of factors impacting distributions of co-occurring species, reveal new ecological phenomena, and support management and conservation efforts.</p>
Fig. 2 in Respiration Co And N O Emission From Grassland Ecosystems
Fig. 2. Soil compaction alteration depending on depth in different crop fields.
Fig.1 in Respiration Co And N O Emission From Grassland Ecosystems
Fig.1. Variation of the site meteorological parameters during the GHG measurement in June-July.
Dataset for publication: "Influence of Ag co-activation on the Dy3+ luminescence in lithium tetraborate glasses"
<p>Dataset for the article: I.I. Kindrat, B.V. Padlyak, A. Drzewiecki, V.T. Adamiv, I.M. Teslyuk, R. Lisiecki, Influence of Ag co-activation on the Dy<sup>3+</sup> luminescence in lithium tetraborate glasses, Mater. Res. Bull. 179 (2024) 112979, <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2024.112979" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2024.112979</a></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.