Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

Data from: climate adaptation in white oak (Quercus alba, L.): a forty-year study of growth and phenology

Climate change poses a significant threat to the resilience and sustainability of forest ecosystems. This study examines the performance of white oak (Quercus alba, L.) across a range of provenances in a common garden planting, focusing on the species' response to climatic variables and the potential role of assisted migration in forest management. We evaluated the survival and growth rates of white oak provenances originating from various points along a latitudinal gradient over a period of 40 years. These provenances were planted in a common garden situated near the midpoint of this latitudinal gradient, where we also monitored their phenological traits, such as budburst and leaf senescence. The results revealed substantial variation in phenological responses and growth patterns among the provenances, with southern provenances demonstrating faster growth and later senescence relative to local sources, with limited impact on survival. In contrast, the northern provenances demonstrated slower growth, resulting in later-aged competition-induced mortality. The findings highlight the necessity of incorporating genetic diversity into white oak reforestation and conservation strategies, as the local provenance may no longer be the most suitable option for current and future conditions. We advocate for a nuanced approach to forest management that leverages genetic insights to optimize seed source selection for reforestation, fostering resilient forest landscapes in the face of ongoing climate shifts.

opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

Data from: Long-term climate and hydrologic regimes shape stream invertebrate community responses to a hurricane disturbance

Disturbances can produce a spectrum of short- and long-term ecological consequences that depend on complex interactions of the characteristics of the event, antecedent environmental conditions, and the intrinsic properties of resistance and resilience of the affected biological system. We used Hurricane Harvey's impact on coastal rivers of Texas to examine the roles of storm-related changes in hydrology and long-term precipitation regime on the response of stream invertebrate communities to hurricane disturbance. We detected declines in richness, diversity, and total abundance following the storm, but responses were strongly tied to direct and indirect effects of long-term aridity and short-term changes in stream hydrology. The amount of rainfall a site received drove both flood duration and flood magnitude across sites, but lower annual rainfall amounts (i.e., aridity) increased flood magnitude and decreased flood duration. Across all sites, flood duration was positively related to the time it took for invertebrate communities to return to a long-term baseline and flood magnitude drove larger invertebrate community responses (i.e., changes in diversity and total abundance). However, invertebrate response per unit flood magnitude was lower in sub-humid sites, potentially because of differences in refuge availability or ecological-evolutionary interactions. Interestingly, sub-humid streams had temporary large peaks in invertebrate total abundance and diversity following recovery period that may be indicative of the larger organic matter pulses expected in these systems because of their comparatively well-developed riparian vegetation. Our findings show that hydrology and long-term precipitation regime predictably affected invertebrate community responses and, thus, our work underscores the important influence of local climate to ecosystem sensitivity to disturbances.

opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

Data from: Rapid climate change increases diversity and homogenizes composition of coastal fish at high latitudes

Rapid warming at high latitudes triggers poleward shifts of species' distributions that impact marine biodiversity. In the open sea, the documented redistributions of fish lead to a borealization of Arctic fauna. A climate driven borealization and increased species diversity at high latitudes is also expected in coastal fish communities, but it has not been previously documented on a large, biogeographic scale. Here, we investigate the impact of temperature change over the last 25 years on fish communities along the coast of Norway. The study area, spanning different ecoclimatic zones between 62° and 71° N, harbors over 200 species of boreal and Arctic fish. Several of these fish species are harvested by coastal and indigenous communities, influencing settlements geography and livelihood. The long-term data on coastal water temperatures and fish species were obtained from monitoring stations and scientific surveys. Water temperature measured at three fixed sampling stations distributed along the coast show increased temperatures during the study period. The fish species distribution and abundance data were obtained from the annually standardized scientific bottom trawl survey program. Fish species richness, which was highest in the south, increased with warming first in the south and then, gradually, further north, eventually affecting biodiversity in the whole study area. Fish community composition showed a distinct latitudinal pattern early in the study, with Arctic fish species confined north and boreal species dominating south. The poleward shifts eventually eroded this zoogeographic pattern, resulting in more boreal fish species in the north and an increased homogenization of species composition along the Norwegian coast. The climate-driven reorganization of fish communities affects coastal ecosystems that are exposed to fisheries, aquaculture and other rapidly expanding human activities, stressing the urgent need for a climate adaptation of integrated coastal management.

Data for: A protocol for model intercomparison of impacts of Marine Cloud Brightening Climate Intervention

Replication data for "A protocol for model intercomparison of impacts of Marine Cloud Brightening Climate Intervention" submitted to Geophysical Model Development.

Calibrated and uncalibrated projection data from the paper "Assessing observational constraints on future European climate in an out-of-sample framework"

Individual uncalibrated and calibrated projections for each of the five methods (A-E) in the following folders: MethodA_proj/ MethodB_proj/ MethodC_proj/ MethodD_proj/ MethodE_proj/   Also included are the out-of-sample data from the "pseudo-observations" (taken from CMIP6 models) used for the verification (see paper for full details): FUTUREverif/

Supporting Data for "Climate Sensitivity and Relative Humidity Changes in Global Storm-Resolving Model Simulations of Climate Change"

Code and netcdf files of processed X-SHiELD and CMIP6 simulations to reproduce the figures of Timothy M. Merlis, Kai-Yuan Cheng, Ilai Guendelman, Lucas Harris, Christopher S. Bretherton, Maximilien Bolot, Linjiong Zhou, Alex Kaltenbaugh, Spencer K. Clark, Gabriel A. Vecchi, and Stephan Fueglistaler (2024): "Climate Sensitivity and Relative Humidity Changes in Global Storm-Resolving Model Simulations of Climate Change".

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Data from: Tree diversity enhances predation by birds but not by arthropods across climate gradients

Tree diversity can promote both predator abundance and diversity. However, whether this translates into increased predation and top-down control of herbivores across predator taxonomic groups and contrasting environmental conditions remains unresolved. We used a global network of tree diversity experiments (<a href="https://www.treedivnet.ugent.be">www.treedivnet.ugent.be</a>; TreeDivNet) spread across three continents and three biomes to test the effects of tree species richness on predation across varying climatic conditions of temperature and precipitation. We recorded bird and arthropod predation attempts on plasticine caterpillars in monocultures and tree species mixtures. Both tree species richness and temperature increased predation by birds, but not by arthropods. Furthermore, the effects of tree species richness on predation were consistent across the studied climatic gradient. Our findings provide evidence that tree diversity strengthens top-down control of insect herbivores by birds, underscoring the need of implementing conservation strategies that safeguard tree diversity to sustain ecosystem services provided by natural enemies in forests.

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Data from: Climate change is predicted to impact the global distribution and richness of pines (genus Pinus) by 2070

Aim: Climate change is altering habitat suitability for many organisms and modifying species ranges at a global scale. Here we explored the impact of climate change on 112 pine species (Pinus), fundamental elements of Northern terrestrial ecosystems. Location: Global. Methods: We applied a novel methodology for species distribution modelling that considers uncertainty in climatic projections and taxon sampling, and incorporates elements of species' recent evolutionary history. We based our niche calculations on climate and soil data and computed projections across multiple algorithms and IPCC scenarios, which were ensembled into one single suitability map. We then used phylogenetic methods to account for recent evolution in climatic requirements by estimating the evolution of climatic niche. Edaphoclimatic and evolutionary analyses were then combined to calibrate the projections in areas showing high uncertainty. We validated our models using naturalized occurrences of invasive pine species. Results: Our models predicted that by 2070 most pine species (58%) might face important reductions of habitat suitability, potentially leading to range losses and a decrease in species richness, particularly in some regions such as the Mediterranean Basin and South North America, albeit migration might mitigate these shifts in some cases. In contrast, our projections showed increased habitat suitability for approx. 20% of species, which may undergo range expansions under climate change. Moreover, the consideration of recent evolutionary trends modified projected scenarios, decreasing range loss and increasing range expansion for some species. The independent validation endorsed our models for many species and the influence of recent evolution in some cases. Conclusions: We predict that climate change will impose drastic changes in pine distribution and diversity across biogeographical regions, but the magnitude and direction of change will vary significantly across regions and taxa. Species-level responses are likely to be influenced by regional conditions and the recent evolutionary history of each taxon.

opencc-zeroDec 2023View details →

Data from: Putative climate adaptation in American pikas (Ochotona princeps) is associated with copy number variation across environmental gradients

Improved understanding of the genetic basis of adaptation to climate change is necessary for maintaining global biodiversity moving forward. Studies to date have largely focused on sequence variation, yet there is growing evidence that suggests that changes in genome structure may be an even more significant source of adaptive potential. The American pika (Ochotona princeps) is an alpine specialist that shows some evidence of adaptation to climate along elevational gradients, but previous work has been limited to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based analyses within a fraction of the species range. Here, we investigated the role of copy number variation underlying patterns of local adaptation in the American pika using genome-wide data previously collected across the entire species range. We identified 37-193 putative copy number variants (CNVs) associated with environmental variation (temperature, precipitation, solar radiation) within each of the six major American pika lineages, with patterns of divergence largely following elevational and latitudinal gradients. Genes associated (n=158) with independent annotations across lineages, variables, and/or CNVs had functions related to mitochondrial structure/function, immune response, hypoxia, olfaction, and DNA repair, some of which have been previously linked to putative high elevation and/or climate adaptation that may serve as important targets in future studies.

Data and Code for "A Novel Emergent Constraint Approach for Refining Regional Climate Model Projections of Flood Timing" Paper Submission to AGU GRL

This contains the emergent constraint code, the offline CMIP6 hydrology data, and the shapefiles for each region used in the paper "A Novel Emergent Constraint Approach for Refining Regional Climate Model Projections of Flood Timing" submitted to AGU GRL.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Projecting climate and socioeconomic contributions to global flood-induced displacements using a data-driven approach - Data Supplement

This contribution contains data and analysis scripts for the manuscript "Projecting climate and socioeconomic contributions to global flood-induced displacements using a data-driven approach" by Lenin Del Rio Amador, Mathieu Boudreault and David A. Carozza.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

The Emerging Endgame: The EU ETS on the Road Towards Climate Neutrality - figure raw data

<table> <tbody> <tr> <td>This file contains the data from all figures shown in the paper "The Emerging Endgame: The EU ETS on the Road Towards Climate Neutrality". They are all based on results from the model LIMES-EU, whose documentation (for this specific paper version) is available at: https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/institute/departments/transformation-pathways/models/limes/documentation-of-limes-202411_vf-1.pdf Each sheet of this file relates to a specific figure, except for the last one ("Sensitivity"), which shows EUA prices and invalidations reported in Section B.3, specifically in Figures B2, B3, and Tables B1, B2. Most tables in this file present information for a specific scenario(s), whose assumptions are described in the table columns. scenario_ETS refers to the EU ETS ambition and design, namely the Reference and Reform scenarios. These determine the cap and the MSR configuration; scenario_fam refers to the scenario family, that is, the parameter whose value was varied for the sensitivity analysis, e.g., fuel prices and MSR thresholds. Within the different scenario families, specific scenarios can be identified through the scenario name: *dr-X: scenarios assuming a discount rate equal to X *noX: scenarios assuming the unavailability of specific set of technologies X, namely CCS, CDR, BECCS, DACCS, and FossilCCS *coal-X_gas-Y: scenarios where coal prices are multiplied by X and gas prices by Y, compared to the default scenarios *CoCRES2050-X: CAPEX of PV and wind energy in 2050 is multiplied by a factor of X, compared to default scenarios. Factor values between 2020 and 2050 are interpolated between 1 and the factor X *noTransExp: scenarios with no transmission expansion beyond 2020 levels *ElDem2050-X: Electricity demand in 2050 is multiplied by a factor of X,  compared to default scenarios. Factor values between 2020 and 2050 are interpolated between 1 and the factor X *PEbio-X: scenarios where biomass available for the power sector as of 2025 is multiplied by a factor of X/100 *LRFPost2030-X: scenarios, where the linear reduction factor (LRF) after 2030 equals X/100. This factor determines the EU ETS cap. These scenarios were only explored under the Reform configuration *IntakeRatePost2030-X: scenarios where the MSR intake rate after 2030 equals X. These scenarios were only explored under the Reform configuration *LowThrPost2030-X_UpThrPost2030-Y: scenarios where the MSR lower threshold after 2030 equals X million EUA and the upper threshold Y million EUA. These scenarios were only explored under the Reform configuration *OuttakeVolPost2030-X: scenarios where the MSR outtake volume after 2030 equals X million EUA. These scenarios were only explored under the Reform configuration</td> </tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> <tr></tr> </tbody> </table>

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Data and Software for "Probabilistic Trade-offs Analysis for Sustainable and Equitable Management of Climate-Induced Water Risks"

Research data supporting the study "Probabilistic trade-offs analysis for sustainable and equitable management of climate-induced water risks" This repository provides data of the Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming (SDDP) model, and the output results of the simulations of the various policies and climate scenarios considered in this study, as well as the code used for postprocessing and visualizing the results. Contents <ol> <li>Data: Model Inputs This folder contains the physical river network, reservoir and water demand, and economic data derived from the observed database. The key files are:</li> <ul> <li>Input_HydrologicalData</li> <li>Input_SystemData</li> </ul> <li>Results: Model Output Analysis This folder includes outputs from the Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming (SDDP) model under various policies and climate scenarios. The results showcase optimized sectoral water use, including irrigated areas, hydropower generation, and allocations for agriculture, energy, and urban demands across spatial locations (upstream and downstream). Key files include:</li> <ul> <li>SDDP Model Outputs (MATLAB format): </li> <ul> <li>EnergyPriority_Baseline.mat</li> <li>EnergyPriority_2070.mat</li> <li>EnergyPriority_2100.mat</li> <li>AgriculturePriority_Baseline.mat</li> <li>AgriculturePriority_2070.mat</li> <li>AgriculturePriority_2100.mat</li> </ul> <li>Extracted Model Results (Excel format): </li> <ul> <li>Organized for each policy and climate scenario to facilitate analysis.</li> </ul> </ul> <li>Software: Data Analysis and Visualization Python scripts designed for outputs data analysis and visualization are included to reproduce the primary figures from the study. Scripts provided:</li> <ul> <li>CDF_outflow.py: Analyzes cumulative distribution functions for river discharge.</li> <li>CDF_sectors.py: Examines sectoral water use distributions.</li> <li>PCP_SI.py: Generates Parallel Coordinate Plots for trade-offs analysis.</li> </ul> <li>Instructions: README File A comprehensive README file explains:</li> <ul> <li>Details of model input data.</li> <li>Instructions to interpret the SDDP model outputs.</li> </ul> </ol> Instructions: The Python scripts process Excel files from the model output results folder to generate and visualize the figures for the paper. Each step is clearly documented within the scripts.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

Data set for the study "Interplay between climate and carbon cycle feedbacks could substantially enhance future warming"

This repository contains the data necessary to reproduce the results of the paper:  "Interplay between climate and carbon cycle feedbacks could substantially enhance future warming"  <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/adb6be" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/adb6be</a> <h3>Data organization:</h3> The Zenodo repository is organized as follows inside of <code>results.zip</code>: <ul> <li>Figure generation are given by "*.pynb" and "*.m" files </li> <li>Data files as NetCDF output are organized with the following structure inside of <code>data</code>: <ul> <li>Experiment/emission scenario: <code>hist-aer</code>, <code>ssp126</code>, <code>ssp434</code>, and <code>ssp245</code> <ul> <li>Equilibrium climate sensitivity: <code>ecs_2.0K</code>, <code>ecs_2.5K</code>, <code>ecs_3.0K</code>, <code>ecs_3.5K</code>, <code>ecs_4.0K</code>, <code>ecs_4.5K</code>, and <code>ecs_5.0K</code> <ul> <li>Experiment: <code>comp</code>, <code>comp_fix_ch4</code>, <code>comp_fix_co2_ch4</code>, <code>comp_ssp_co2_ch4</code> <ul> <li>Component: atmosphere (<code>atm</code>), ocean (<code>ocn</code>), land (<code>lnd</code>), sea ice (<code>sic</code>), carbon dioxide (<code>co2</code>), methane (<code>ch4</code>) </li> <li>File type: for some experiments, files are divided into timeseries (<code>*_ts.nc</code>) or 2D data (<code>*.nc</code>) </li> <li>Note: <code>comp_ssp_co2_ch4</code> are the CLIMBER-X runs which used prescribed concentrations (rather than emissions) and is only available for ECS 3°C </li> <li>Note: <code>comp_fix_ch4</code> and <code>comp_fix_co2_ch4</code> is only available for ECS 2°C, 3°C, and 5°C (as shown in Fig. 4 in the manuscript)</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2021View details →

Supporting Data: The Effect of Ocean Salinity on Climate and its Implications for Earth's Habitability

Data supporting "The Effect of Ocean Salinity on Climate and its Implications for Earth's Habitability" by SL Olson, MF Jansen, DS Abbot, I Halevy, and C Goldblatt, submitted to GRL on April 18, 2022. The ROCKE-3D rundecks and input files required to reproduce these results are also included.

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Data from: Accelerated shifts in terrestrial life zones under rapid climate change

Datasets depicting historical (1901-1920), contemporary (1979-2013), and future (2061-2080) life zones as global rasters at 30 arc-second resolution in GeoTiff format are included, which were produced for the study "Accelerated shifts in terrestrial life zones under rapid climate change", published in Global Change Biology by Elsen et al. Life zones are determined by distinct combinations of biotemperature and precipitation and represent broad-scale ecosystem types (sensu Holdridge[1]). For the future period, life zone maps were produced using five general circulation models (GCMs: CESM1-BGC, MPI-ESM-MR, ACCESS1-3, MIROC5, and CMCC-CM), each under two representative concentration pathways (RCPs: RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). An ensemble mean across all five GCMs is also included for each RCP. All input datasets are publicly available and, along with the complete methodology, are described in Elsen et al. <div> <div> [1] Holdridge, LR (1947) Determination of world plant formations from simple climatic data. Science, 105, 367–368. </div> </div>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →

Data assimilation products by using multiple climate model simulations and different combinations of proxies

This dataset of the climate reconstruction by data assimilation using isotope ratios provides annual surface air temperature, precipitation amount, and other climate variables during 850–2000. Two isotopes-incorporated atmospheric general circulation models and 129 isotopic proxy data (65 corals, 43 ice cores, and 21 tree-ring cellulose) were used in this study. There are nine experiments using three type of simulations and three combinations of proxies. The associated publication: Shoji, S., Okazaki, A., & Yoshimura, K. (2020). Impact of proxies and prior estimates on data assimilation using isotope ratios for the climate reconstruction of the last millennium. (submitted to Earth and Space Science) [Data structure] X(lon) x Y(lat) x Z(2) x Variables(8) x Year(1151) Z(1): analyses Z(2): priors

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →

Data from: A millennium of climatic and floristic dynamics in the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes

The transition from the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA, 950-1250 CE) to the Little Ice Age (LIA, 1350 to 1800 CE) is the largest pre-industrial climate shift within the last two millennia, offering an opportunity to study how vegetation responds to rapid climate change. We analyzed a sedimentary record from the Colombian Andes to reconstruct regional vegetation dynamics during this time interval, identify the modern environmental distribution of taxa present in the fossil record, and provide a reference for modern regional temperature change. A sediment core was analyzed for organic geochemistry and pollen to reconstruct environmental and vegetation variability between 800 and 1800 CE. Modern occurrences of individuals of the genera found in the fossil record were used to model the distribution of taxa across gradients of mean annual temperature and precipitation. These models were used to reconstruct temperature and precipitation across time and evaluate the probability of occurrence of taxa from the fossil record across the contemporary landscape. Reconstructed regional vegetation dynamics were highly coupled with global temperature patterns. Reconstructed climate showed that conditions were warm and dry during the MCA, and cold and relatively wet during the LIA, although quantitative estimations might have been amplified by human disturbances. Rates of temperature change during the MCA-LIA transition were substantially lower than those calculated for the last two decades. Vegetation turnover between 800 and 1800 CE resembled those expressed through a transect extending ~30 km southeast from the lake. Around lake Tota, modern rates of temperature change have no precedent within the last two millennia. The modern environmental affinities of taxa involved in vegetation turnover during the MCA-LIA transition point to the importance of landscape diversity and connectivity for rapid vegetation response to climate change.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2022View details →

Data repository for "Climate change increases the severity and duration of soil water stress in the temperate forest of eastern North America"

Dataset provided for publication in Frontiers in Forests and Global Change : "Climate change increases the severity and duration of soil water stress in the temperate forest of eastern North America".