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774 results for “glacier”
High resolution lidar data of the Khumbu glacier
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Data from: Simple parameterization of aerodynamic roughness lengths and the turbulent heat fluxes at the top of midlatitude August‐one glacier, Qilian Mountains, China
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Model Setup of Thwaites Glacier
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Glacier Covered Area for the State of Alaska, 1985-2020, Version 1
This data set captures changes in glacier covered area across the state of Alaska for the period 1985 to 2020.The data set includes 18 biannual shapefiles each for overall glacier covered area, supraglacial debris area, and debris-free glacier covered area.
World Glacier Inventory, Version 1
Notice: Due to funding limitations, this data set was recently changed to a “Basic” Level of Service. Learn more about what this means for users and how you can share your story here: <a href="https://nsidc.org/data/user-resources/data-announcements/user-notice-level-service-update-data-products">Level of Service Update for Data Products</a>.<br><br>The World Glacier Inventory (WGI) contains information for over 130,000 glaciers, or about 85% of the total estimated number of glaciers. Inventory parameters include geographic location, area, length, orientation, elevation, and classification. The WGI is based primarily on aerial photographs and maps with most glaciers having one data entry only. Hence, the dataset can be viewed as a snapshot of the glacier distribution in the second half of the 20th century. It is based on the original WGI (WGMS 1989) from the World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS).
Rock glaciers Gruben, Muragl and Murtel, Switzerland: Area-wide flow fields, Version 1
Besides their thermal and mechanical properties, rock glaciers are essentially defined by their kinematics. Knowledge of the permafrost flow field provides important information about the origin, morphology, development, dynamics and internal structure of creeping mountain permafrost. Monitoring permafrost behavior helps detecting climate signals. Aerial photogrammetry was used for determining digital terrain models (DTM) with high resolution.
Rock glaciers, Bernese Alps, western Switzerland, Version 1
This inventory has been established from the results of the interpretation of aerial photographs and field work between 1992 and 1994.The area investigated covers the entire Bernese Alps (western Switzerland), about 4200 km2, and is situated between 46 deg 10' and 46 deg 50' N and 7 deg 10' and 8 deg 30' E. The Bernese Alps are one of the main European watersheds, separating the catchment area of the Aare (draining into the North Sea via the Rhine) from that of the Rhone (which flows into the Mediterranean Sea). The lowest points of the study area are situated in the valley floors of the two rivers at about 500 m asl, whereas several summits exceed 4000 m asl (highest point-- Finsteraarhorn, 4273 m asl). The main structure of the Bernese Alps is the crystalline Aar massif striking WSW-ENE and culminating in the western part of the study area. To the north and the west, the massif is covered by thrust nappes consisting of sedimentary rocks mainly of Mesozoic and early Tertiary age (chiefly marine limestones, shales, and sandstones). Their summits are considerably lower (mostly between 2000 and 3500 m asl).According to their geographic situation between 46 deg and 47 deg N, the climate of the Bernese Alps is of temperate character typical for the zone of the westerlies. Because of the their horizontal and vertical extension, the Alps themselves have considerable influence on the climate. Based on climatic criteria, two main realms can be distinguished: the moist and quite oceanic part in the north of the main watershed and the slightly more continental part sloping south to the Rhone. The northern part, exposed to the westerlies, shows maximum precipitation during summer, with quite low variability, whereas the south is somewhat dryer, showing no distinct maximum but higher variability. Accordingly, mean cloudiness is higher in the north. This results in an increase in the height of the mean glacier elevation from about 2500 m asl in the northern part of the Bernese Alps to 2900 m asl in the south. Because of the high precipitation (locally exceeding 4000 mm per year) and their external situation, the Bernese Alps show a lower equilibrium line of the glaciers and are the mountain group showing the heaviest glacierization of the Alps, which leaves little space for periglacial phenomena (both the glacier showing the lowermost front and the largest glacier of the Alps are situated within the study site). However, this does not mean that permafrost is rare in the Bernese Alps; above 3300 m asl, permafrost can be considered as continuous. In fact, the bedrock of many of the higher mountains in the Bernese Alps is perennially frozen. The number of rock glaciers found in the Bernese Alps is relatively small compared with other Alpine regions. Furthermore, the objects are quite small. This can be explained with the stronger glacierization. Modelling shows that permafrost ground amounts to roughly half as much as the glacierized area (subglacial permafrost not included). (Imhof, 1996) These data are presented on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June 1998.
Airborne Surface Profiling of Alaskan Glaciers, 1994 - 2001, Version 1
This data set consists of glacier outline, laser altimetry profile, and surface elevation change data for 46 glaciers in Alaska and British Columbia, Canada, measured with an airborne laser altimetry system. Six glaciers in the Alaska Range of central Alaska, two glaciers in the Wrangell Mountains of southcentral Alaska, 11 glaciers in the Chugach Mountains of southcentral Alaska, five glaciers in the Chigmit Mountains of southcentral Alaska, 13 glaciers in the Kenai Mountains of southcentral Alaska (comprising the Harding Icefield), one glacier in the St. Elias Mountains of southeast Alaska, one glacier in the Takhinsha Mountains of southeast Alaska, and seven glaciers in the Coast Mountains of southeast Alaska and British Columbia were profiled between 1994 and 2001. Surface elevation profiles are accurate to about 0.3 m. Long-term elevation changes can be estimated by comparison of these profiles with existing maps.
Inventory of Rock Glaciers along the Ghunsa Valley, Kanchanjunga Himal, Eastern Nepal, Version 1
This dataset provides information on a number of Nepali rock glaciers distributed above 4250 m ASL along the Ghunsa valley and the Kanchanjunga glacier (originating from the summit of Mt. Kanchanjunga, 8586 m ASL). The rock glaciers were identified on the basis of air photo analysis and were visited in October and November 1999. The longitude, latitude, and elevation of each rock glacier are given. Geographic coordinates were determined using a 1:50,000 topographic map of Nepal. Two categories of rock glaciers are described: glacier-derived and talus-derived rock glaciers. The internal structure of two rock glaciers (KR4 and KR23) were investigated by DC resistivity imaging.
Rock glaciers, Entremont, Valais, Switzerland, Version 1
The Entremont area is 300 square km wide and located in the western part of the Swiss Alps between the Mont-Blanc Massif and the Valaisian Alps, slightly north of the main crest of the alpine range. Altitude varies between 4313 m above see level (asl) at the top of the Grand-Combin and 714 m asl for the outlet of the valleys system. The geological composition is essentially dominated by metamorphic rocks (gneiss, shale, quartzite), however some sedimentary layers (limestone, dolomite) are inserted. The mean annual air temperature is about 0 C at 2300 m asl and annual precipitation among ranges between 1000 and 1500 mm at 2000 m asl with a maximum value of about 2000 mm on the alpine crest (Grand-St-Bernard pass). Equilibrium line of glaciers is over 3000 m asl in the north-facing slopes, the timberline is at about 2100 m asl and permafrost creeping features exist between 2000 and 3000 m asl, what results in a great variety of mountain and morphological landscapes.Aerial photographs analyses and field morphological observations have been performed during summer 1995 in order to inventory and map (1 to 25000) 321 well-developed to embryonic rock glaciers and protalus lobes (coexisting features have been separated) of total area 10.4 square. km. Rock glacier activity classification results from interpretation of both geomorphological and environmental signs. Some geophysics (BTS measurements and DC resistivity soundings) have been performed between 1995 and 1997 on a few rock glaciers in order to confirm the initial interpretation. Data described in this file on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June 1998, are--1. Location (X, Y)-- Swiss coordinates near the center of the feature.2. Front elevation (Z)-- Elevation (m a.s.l.) at the foot of the front (accuracy: 10 m).3. Length-- Maximal distance (m) between front and roots (accuracy: 10 - 20%).4. Width-- Mean width (m) of the feature (accuracy: 10%). 5. Orientation-- Global exposition of the rock glacier.6. Activity-- Interpretation by field indicators observation, only in a few cases by geophysics.7. Surface (ha)-- Calculated by 1 to 25,000 numerical mapping (accuracy: 5 - 10%).8. Origin-- Talus or moraine (debris) derived rock glacier ?Other information such as lithology, spring temperature, vegetation cover, inclination, roots elevation are partly available, but not described in the present data set.
Randolph Glacier Inventory - A Dataset of Global Glacier Outlines, Version 2
The Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) is a global set of glacier outlines; it is intended as a snapshot of the world’s glaciers. This data set provides a single outline for each glacier and is produced in coordination with the Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) initiative. The RGI is not suitable for measuring glacier-by-glacier rates of area change, but can be used to estimate glacier volumes, rates of elevation change at regional and global scales, and cryospheric responses to climatic forcing.Glacier mapping data are contributed to both GLIMS and the RGI from the glaciological community. RGI is produced by the Working Group on the Randolph Glacier Inventory and Infrastructure for Glacier Monitoring, a body of the International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS). This data set is updated approximately annually.Glacier outlines are distributed as Shapefiles. Hypsometric data (CSV files) and gridded auxiliary data (GeoTIFFs) are also available. All RGI data are packaged globally and by region, with regions based upon the Global Terrestrial Network for Glaciers.
Rock glaciers on South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula, Version 1
In the South Shetland Islands the investigators found eight active rock glaciers, no relict or fossil examples, and seven protalus ramparts. The rock glaciers are located on peninsulas and capes of the two main islands of the archipelago: King George and Livingston. The South Shetland Islands have a cold oceanic climate, characteristic of the maritime Antarctica, with frequent summer rains and moderate thermal amplitude, and a cold and humid morphoclimatic system, of crionival character. These climatic parameters facilitate the operation of periglacial processes, and the presence of a usually saturated active layer in summer. In the South Shetland Islands the presence of rock glaciers have been identified on Livingston Island (Martinez de Pison et al., 1991; Lopez-Martinez et al., 1992a, 1992b), on Admiralty Bay, in King George Island (Birkenmajer, 1981; Barsch et al., 1985) and in Fildes Peninsula (Barsch et al. 1985; Barsch, 1996; Cheng et al., 1996). Four further active rock glaciers have been identified during the present study in King George and Livingston Island (Serrano and Lopez-Martinez, in prep.). The rock glaciers are located in marginal zones, between 300 m asl and sea level, which has been recently deglaciated, and principally under 70 m asl, near 100 m under the Median Equilibrium Line Altitude (MELA). There are indications of a recent diminution of activity, with blurred fronts, mass movements in fronts and sides, lichen colonization and glaciokarstic processes. All of these indicate an inherited dynamic of past conditions in lower altitudes.References to rock glaciers are scarce in Antarctica, limited to a few examples in the Transantarctic Mountains, Victoria Land, South Georgia, James Ross Island, and South Shetland Islands. The spatial pattern of rock glaciers indicates that they are more represented in the periphery of Antarctica than in the interior of the continent, and are particularly numerous in the Antarctic Peninsula region. These data are presented on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June 1998.
Rock glacier Macun 1, Lower Engadin, Switzerland, Version 1
The rock glacier 'Macun 1' is located in the Lower Engadine, Grisons, Swiss Alps and reaches from about 2720 m asl down to 2610 m asl. It has been surveyed by Dietrich Barsch and his co-operators from 1965 until 1997. The results of these measurements are displayed in tables within publications. The investigators intend to continue the survey in intervals of at least every three years. The horizontal displacement, which was rather constant between 1967 and 1988, has increased remarkably in the last years (Zick 1996). These data are presented on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June 1998.
Rock glaciers, Fletschhorn Area, Valais, Switzerland, Version 1
This data set contains a total amount of 74 rock glaciers which were investigated in the Fletschhorn Area in the southern Swiss Alps during the summer of 1995. The thorough investigation included analysis of infrared air photographs; mapping of the rock glaciers; measurement of their aspect, slope and size; measurements of the water temperature of sources in the vicinity or at the snout of the rock glaciers; and analysis of the vegetation cover on the rock glaciers (species, coverage). The analysis of the above mentioned parameters revealed that 32 of the investigated rock glaciers are active, 21 show signs of inactivity (either due to decreasing ice content or due to dynamic stability), 27 are to be considered as fossil objects. The following parameters were measured and are included in the described data set-- location (longitude and latitude), elevation of the front [m asl], length [m], width [m], aspect, activity (active, inactive or fossil), source temperatures [C], and vegetation cover (covered, sporadic or none). These data are presented on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June 1998. Additional measurements (not included in the data set on the CD)-- Rock glacier type; Lithology; Analysis of the vegetations' composition (species, coverage in %); Special remarks.
Glacier Inventory of West Greenland, 1948 - 1985, Version 1
The inventory includes 5,297 Glaciers from west Greenland between 59 to 71 degrees latitude north and 43 to 53 degrees longitude west. The glacier data basin division is based on a simplified version of the World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS) system. Data are based on 1:250000 maps, Landsat imagery, and aerial photos that were taken between 1948 and 1985.
Randolph Glacier Inventory - A Dataset of Global Glacier Outlines, Version 4
The Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) is a global set of glacier outlines; it is intended as a snapshot of the world’s glaciers. This data set provides a single outline for each glacier and is produced in coordination with the Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) initiative. The RGI is not suitable for measuring glacier-by-glacier rates of area change, but can be used to estimate glacier volumes, rates of elevation change at regional and global scales, and cryospheric responses to climatic forcing.Glacier mapping data are contributed to both GLIMS and the RGI from the glaciological community. RGI is produced by the Working Group on the Randolph Glacier Inventory and Infrastructure for Glacier Monitoring, a body of the International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS). This data set is updated approximately annually.Glacier outlines are distributed as Shapefiles. Hypsometric data (CSV files) and gridded auxiliary data (GeoTIFFs) are also available. All RGI data are packaged globally and by region, with regions based upon the Global Terrestrial Network for Glaciers.
Extreme Ice Survey Glacier Image Archive, 2007-2022, Version 1
The Extreme Ice Survey (EIS) Glacier Image Archive, 2007-2022 is a collection of images capturing changes in arctic and alpine landscapes. Camera sites were established and maintained at scientifically significant cryospheric locations around the world. The 1.5 million images in this collection provide crucial data on the speed and extent of glacial retreat.
Rock glaciers in the Pyrenees, Spain and France, Version 1
This study and inventory of active rock glaciers was carried out by means of the usual techniques used in the study of alpine permafrost. First, the rock glaciers were located by means of aerial photography and field work. Second, a detailed geomorphological map was prepared, to detect the active processes in each rock glacier. This includes geotransect and surface analysis (clast roundness, clast forms, particle orientation and lichenometric measurements). Third, complementary measurements (water temperature and BTS [bottom temperature of snow] measurements) were carried out. These three studies allowed us to determine the activity or inactivity of previously detailed landforms, and to classify them as active, inactive, or relict rock glaciers. The external landforms, frontal slope, vertical organization, flow forms, absence of lichens and the descriptive parameters of rock glaciers allowed us to classify them as relict or active ones. On the Besiberri, Gemelos, and Argualas rock glaciers we have carried out photogrammetric studies, and on the Argualas rock glacier we carried out a topographic survey from 1991 and also geoelectric soundings (San Jose et al. 1992; Serrano et al. 1995; Fabre et al. 1995). These data are presented on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June1998.
Rock glaciers from Norway and Svalbard, Version 1
A complete inventory of rock glaciers on mainland Norway and Svalbard has only been carried out in connection with coarse geomorphological mapping. The data presented here are therefore averaged on a regional scale. Some detailed geomorpholgical maps exist, however, where more detailed information can be extracted. The data listed are therefore not a complete database of Norwegian rock glaciers. Recently detailed studies have been carried out on rockglaciers in the Ny Alesund and the Longyearbyen areas on Svalbard. From these studies, detailed data are available.On mainland Norway, there are at least 150 rock glaciers (Sollid and Sorbel 1992) . These may be grouped as follows:1. Probably active rock glaciers in high mountain areas in southern and northern Norway. Most of these are situated in the Rondane mountain area of southern Norway.2. Relict rock glaciers in low-lying areas near the coast of northern Norway. These rock glaciers have a position marginal to the Weichselian ice sheet and were formed during permafrost conditions before or during deglaciation.3. Relict rock glaciers in higher inland areas of northern Norway. These rock glaciers are believed to have formed under permafrost conditions during deglaciation possibly because of rock falls caused by tectonic activity during isostatic uplift. On Svalbard, there are at least 500 rock glaciers (Kristiansen and Sollid 1986). Most of these are situated on the central and western part of Spitsbergen. They are most common in coastal areas, often below the steep escarpment which delimits the inner part of the strandflat. As Svalbard has continuous permafrost, most of these are probably active. Some may however be inactive, as for instance the rock glaciers at Stuphallet near Ny Alesund (Sollid and Sorbel 1992). In those cases, the rock glaciers have moved out of its source area and onto the strandflat. Partly in cooperation with ETH-Zurich, detailed investigations have been started in the Ny Alesund area, Western Spitsbergen. These investigations have been enlarged also to the Longyearbyen area, central Spitsbergen. Principal methods have been velocity measurements, using theodolite/EDM, GPS and photogrammetry; geophysical methods (DC resistivity soundings, seismic refraction soundings, gravimetry and georadar); and morphometrical analysis using a Digital Elevation Model and a grid-based GIS. Typical velocities are between 5 and 10 cm/year, both for lobate and tongue-shaped rock glaciers. These data are presented on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June 1998.
Randolph Glacier Inventory - A Dataset of Global Glacier Outlines, Version 7
The Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) is a global set of glacier outlines intended as a snapshot of the world’s glaciers outside of ice sheets. It provides a single outline for each glacier from approximately the year 2000, as well as a set of attributes and other relevant auxiliary information. Glacier outlines are distributed as Shapefiles. Hypsometric data and attributes (CSV files) and metadata (json) are also available. All RGI data are packaged both globally and by region (as defined by the Global Terrestrial Network for Glaciers (GTN-G) Glacier Regions).The RGI is not suitable for measuring glacier-by-glacier rates of area change. However, it can be used to estimate glacier volumes; rates of elevation change at regional and global scales; and glacier responses to climatic forcing.RGI version 7.0 was developed by the “Working Group on the Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) and its role in future glacier monitoring” of the International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS). The glaciological community contributes glacier mapping data to the Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) database. A subset of the glacier outlines in GLIMS are then extracted and reprocessed to produce the RGI.See the RGI documentation under "User Guide" (below) for more information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.