Find research datasets worth reusing

FIGURE 11 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 11. Distribution of Thalictrum reniforme (●) and T. tamurae (▲). Arrow indicates the type locality of T. cuonaense (= T. reniforme), i.e. Cona in southern Xizang, China.

FIGURE 10 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 10. Thalictrum delavayi in the wild (China, Yunnan, Dali, the type locality), showing a morph with purplish to pure white sepals. A. Habitat and habit. B. Flowering branch. C. Flowering branch (close-up). D. Flower (sepals purplish). E. Flower (sepals pure white, with stamens having fallen off). F. Sepals (abaxial side). G. Stamens. H. Carpels. I. Aggregate fruit. J. Achenes (immature). Photographed by Y.P. Zeng.

FIGURE 9 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 9. Specimens of Thalictrum reniforme from southern Xizang, China. A. Cona, L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 3147 (IBSC). B. Dinggye, L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 2857 (IBSC). C. Gyirong, L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 2737 (IBSC). D. Yadong, L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 2951 (IBSC).

FIGURE 7 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 7. Thalictrum reniforme in the wild (China, Xizang, Yadong). A. Habitat. B. Habit. C. Portion of stem (left: proximal part; right: distal part). D. Leaf (left: adaxial side; right: abaxial side). E. Leaflet (abaxial side). F. Portion of adaxial side of leaflet (densely glandularpubescent). G. Portion of abaxial side of leaflet (densely glandular-pubescent). H. Flower (front view). I. Sepals (abaxial side). J. Stamens. K. Carpels. L. Aggregate fruit. M. Achenes (immature). Photographed by Y.P. Zeng.

FIGURE 8 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 8. Thalictrum reniforme in the wild (China, Xizang, Yadong). A. Habitat. B. Habit. C. Roots. D. Portion of stem (left: proximal part; right: distal part). E. Leaf (adaxial side). F. Leaflet (left: adaxial side; right: abaxial side). G. Portion of adaxial side of leaflet (glabrous). H. Portion of abaxial side of leaflet (minutely glandular-pubescent). I. Portion of pedicel (subglabrous). J. Flower. K. Sepal (abaxial side). L. Stamens. M. Carpels. N. Aggregate fruit. O. Achenes (immature). A, C‒O: photographed by Y.P. Zeng; B: photographed by X.Q. Guo.

FIGURE 6 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 6. Thalictrum reniforme in the wild (China, Xizang, Dinggye). A. Habitat. B. Habit. C. Leaf (left: adaxial side; right: abaxial side). D. Leaflet (left: adaxial side; right: abaxial side). E. Portion of adaxial side of leaflet (densely glandular-pubescent). F. Portion of abaxial side of leaflet (densely glandular-pubescent). G. Flower (front view). H. Flower (lateral view). I. Sepals (abaxial side). J. Stamens. K. Carpels. L. Aggregate fruit. M. Achenes (immature). Photographed by Y.P. Zeng.

FIGURE 5 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 5. Thalictrum reniforme in the wild (China, Xizang, Cona). A. Habitat. B. Habit. C. Distal portion of stem. D. Leaflet (abaxial side). E. Portion of adaxial side of leaflet (subglabrous). F. Portion of abaxial side of leaflet (densely glandular-pubescent). G. Potion of pedicel. H. Flower (lateral view). I. Sepals (abaxial side). J. Stamens. K. Carpels. L. Fruiting branchlet, showing aggregate fruits. M. Achenes (immature). Photographed by Y.P. Zeng.

FIGURE 3 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 3. Selected specimens of Thalictrum reniforme from the type locality of T. cuonaense (= T. reniforme), i.e. Cona in southern Xizang, China. A. PE-Xizang Exped. 6297 (PE). B. J. Luo & S.L. Wang LIUJQ11XZ156 (HNWP). C. Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 74-2830 (KUN0690048). D. Anonymous 75-1638 (PE00558489).

FIGURE 4 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 4. Thalictrum reniforme in the wild (China, Xizang, Cona, Lebu tea plantation, the type locality of T. cuonaense (= T. reniforme)). A. Habitat. B. Habit. C. Proximal portion of stem (subglabrous). D. Distal portion of stem (densely glandular-pubescent). E. Leaf (left: adaxial side; right: abaxial side). F. Leaflet (adaxial side). G. Portion of abaxial side of leaflet (densely glandular-pubescent). H. Portion of pedicel. I. Flower (front view). J. Sepals (abaxial side). K. Stamens. L. Carpels. M. Aggregate fruit. A, E‒G, I‒L: photographed by Y.P. Zeng; B‒D, H, M: photographed by W.Q. Fei.

FIGURE 1 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 1. Holotype (A) and isotype (B) sheets of Thalictrum cuonaense (= T. reniforme), showing habit (A, B), proximal (C, E) and distal (D, F) parts of stem, adaxial side of leaflets (G, I), inflorescence rachis (H, J), pedicels (K, M), and carpels (L, N), with C, D, G, H, K and L from the holotype (A), and E, F, I, J, M and N from the isotype (B).

FIGURE 2 in Thalictrum cuonaense (Ranunculaceae) is merged with the Himalayan T. reniforme, with notes on its morphologically similar species

FIGURE 2. Selected specimens of Thalictrum reniforme from southern Xizang, China. A. Dinggye, PE-Xizang Exped. 3074 (PE). B. Gyirong, PE-Xizang Exped. 4023 (PE). C. Mainling, Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 74-1989 (KUN0690046). D. Yadong, Anonymous 75-884 (PE00558492).

opennotspecifiedJul 2018View details →

Distribution. Known definitely from two areas in N &W Sumatra (Mt Tujuh and Bukit Lawan), but if morphologically and genetically similar specimens from Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia prove to be conspecifics, its distribution might be more extensive across the Sundaland. in Soricidae

Distribution. Known definitely from two areas in N &W Sumatra (Mt Tujuh and Bukit Lawan), but if morphologically and genetically similar specimens from Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia prove to be conspecifics, its distribution might be more extensive across the Sundaland.

opennotspecifiedJul 2018View details →

Distribution. Known from Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan, China; distribution should be treated with caution because of its similarity with S. bedfordiae. Only voucher specimens from N & W Sichuan have been examined. in Soricidae

Distribution. Known from Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan, China; distribution should be treated with caution because of its similarity with S. bedfordiae. Only voucher specimens from N & W Sichuan have been examined.

dryad32/100

Data from: Closely related parasitic plants have similar host requirements and related effects on hosts

The performance of root hemiparasites depends strongly on host species identity, but it remains unknown whether there exist general patterns in the quality of species as hosts for hemiparasites and in their sensitivity to parasitism. In a comparative approach, the model root-hemiparasites Rhinanthus minor and R. alectorolophus were grown with 25 host species (grasses, forbs and legumes) at two nutrient levels. Hosts grown without parasites served as a control. Host species identity strongly influenced parasite biomass and other traits and both parasites grew better with legumes and grasses than with forbs. The biomass of R. alectorolophus was much higher than that of R. minor with all host plants and R. alectorolophus responded much more strongly to higher nutrient availability than R. minor. The performance of the two species of Rhinanthus with individual hosts was strongly correlated, and it was also correlated with that of R. alectorolophus and the related Odontites vulgaris in previous experiments with many of the same hosts, but only weakly with that of the less closely related Melampyrum arvense. The negative effect of R. minor on host biomass was less strong than that of R. alectorolophus, but stronger relative to its own biomass, suggesting that it is more parasitic. The impact of the two parasites on individual hosts did not depend on nutrient level and was correlated. Several legumes and grasses were tolerant of parasitism. While R. minor slightly reduced mean overall productivity, R. alectorolophus increased it with several species, indicating that the loss of host biomass was more than compensated by that of the parasite. The results show that closely related parasites have similar host requirements and correlated negative effects on individuals hosts, but that there are also specific interactions between pairs of parasitic plants and their hosts.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

Nesokia is sister to Bandicota and are nested in Rattus phylogenetically, making Rat- tus paraphyletic. Tarsomys, Limnomys, and Diplothrix are also phylogenetically in Rat- tus, and the clade is in need of focused re- vision at the generic level. Nesokia bunnui was originally described as a separate ge-nus, Erythronesokia, because it is morphologically very distinctive from N. indica. Type specimen was destroyed during the Iraq War, and a neotype was recently designated to replace it. Monotypic. Distribution. Tigris and Euphrates river valleys, SE Iraq. Descriptive notes. Head—body 230-260 mm, tail 205-270 mm, ear 18-21 mm, hindfoot 49-58 mm; weight 519 g. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is larger than the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat (N. indica). Pelage is soft and woolly, interspersed with harsher coarse hair and long black hairs near mid-back. Dorsum is fawn to ocherous red, washed with purple or chestnuton darker individuals. Hairs are basally slate-gray and distally rufous, occasionally with whitish or black tips. Muzzle is drab. Sides arefawn, with gray edge toward venter. Venteris whitish, extending onto cheeks where the same pattern from gray to fawn to dorsal pelage occurs. Feet are large and robust, being light brown and well-furred dorsally. Claws are amber on forefeet and dull brown on hindfeet; pollux is extremely small. Ears are moderately long and brownish, with no hair internally. Tail is ¢.82-104% of head-body length and deep brownish drab, interspersed with visible white hair. Skull is large and robust, similarly to the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat. Habitat. Marsh and swamp land. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is terrestrial, although it isfound in swampy and marshy areas and is probably amphibious. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Longtailed Bandicoot Rat is apparently rare and is known from very few specimens. Marsh and swamp habitats in which it is found were completely destroyed during the Iraq War by draining, war damage, and agricultural expansion. In recent years, flooding from Tigris and Euphrates rivers and high snow fall and melt haveresulted in partial restoration ofits native habitat, although restoration is not a complete. Populations are now probably highly fragmented. Bibliography. Al-Ansari et al. (2012), Al-Robaae & Felten (1990), Khajuria (1981), Krystufek et al. (2017), Musser & Carleton (2005), Richardson & Hussain (2006), Stuart (2008). in Muridae

Nesokia is sister to Bandicota and are nested in Rattus phylogenetically, making Rat- tus paraphyletic. Tarsomys, Limnomys, and Diplothrix are also phylogenetically in Rat- tus, and the clade is in need of focused re- vision at the generic level. Nesokia bunnui was originally described as a separate ge-nus, Erythronesokia, because it is morphologically very distinctive from N. indica. Type specimen was destroyed during the Iraq War, and a neotype was recently designated to replace it. Monotypic. Distribution. Tigris and Euphrates river valleys, SE Iraq. Descriptive notes. Head—body 230-260 mm, tail 205-270 mm, ear 18-21 mm, hindfoot 49-58 mm; weight 519 g. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is larger than the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat (N. indica). Pelage is soft and woolly, interspersed with harsher coarse hair and long black hairs near mid-back. Dorsum is fawn to ocherous red, washed with purple or chestnuton darker individuals. Hairs are basally slate-gray and distally rufous, occasionally with whitish or black tips. Muzzle is drab. Sides arefawn, with gray edge toward venter. Venteris whitish, extending onto cheeks where the same pattern from gray to fawn to dorsal pelage occurs. Feet are large and robust, being light brown and well-furred dorsally. Claws are amber on forefeet and dull brown on hindfeet; pollux is extremely small. Ears are moderately long and brownish, with no hair internally. Tail is ¢.82-104% of head-body length and deep brownish drab, interspersed with visible white hair. Skull is large and robust, similarly to the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat. Habitat. Marsh and swamp land. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is terrestrial, although it isfound in swampy and marshy areas and is probably amphibious. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Longtailed Bandicoot Rat is apparently rare and is known from very few specimens. Marsh and swamp habitats in which it is found were completely destroyed during the Iraq War by draining, war damage, and agricultural expansion. In recent years, flooding from Tigris and Euphrates rivers and high snow fall and melt haveresulted in partial restoration ofits native habitat, although restoration is not a complete. Populations are now probably highly fragmented. Bibliography. Al-Ansari et al. (2012), Al-Robaae & Felten (1990), Khajuria (1981), Krystufek et al. (2017), Musser & Carleton (2005), Richardson & Hussain (2006), Stuart (2008).

Distribution. Known only from Mt Kenya, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 100130 mm, tail 142-177 mm, ear 15-21 mm, hindfoot 22-28 mm; weight 30-59 g. The Mount Kenya Thicket Rat's fur is olive gray above, becoming brighter orange brown on rump, with sharply demarcated white belly tinted with pink. Tail is very long (152% of head-body length), semi-prehensile, and tufted. Feet are buff, with four digits on forefoot and five on relatively short hindfoot, fifth digit longer and semi-opposable. Habitat. Little is known, but presumably similar to that of the East African Thicket Rat (G. beanus). in Muridae

Distribution. Known only from Mt Kenya, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 100130 mm, tail 142-177 mm, ear 15-21 mm, hindfoot 22-28 mm; weight 30-59 g. The Mount Kenya Thicket Rat's fur is olive gray above, becoming brighter orange brown on rump, with sharply demarcated white belly tinted with pink. Tail is very long (152% of head-body length), semi-prehensile, and tufted. Feet are buff, with four digits on forefoot and five on relatively short hindfoot, fifth digit longer and semi-opposable. Habitat. Little is known, but presumably similar to that of the East African Thicket Rat (G. beanus).

The first comprehensive revision of all the species attributed to Melomys led J. I. Menzies in 1996 to resurrect the genus Paramelomys and to redefine its morphologicallimits and species content. Menzies created P. gressitti as a new species belonging to a group displaying morphological similarities and including also P. lorentzii and P. moncktoni. Monotypic Distribution. E New Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-162 mm, hindfoot 30-34 mm; no specific data are available for body weight. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is a medium-sized Paramelomys with a soft, thick and woolly pelage, a long narrow foot, and a tail with three hairs per scale. It exhibits a medium-sepia dorsal pelage and a gray-buff ventral one. Tail is slightly shorter (99%) than head-body length. The skull has a narrow zygomatic plate. Habitat. Moist tropical mountain forest between 2300 m and 2400 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List owing to its small geographic range (less than 3500 km?*) and the destruction ofits habitat by mining and logging activities. The major threat to Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is ongoing habitat degradation caused by nearby human populations; habitat on Mount Kandy has been destroyed by gold-miners and wood-cutters. Bibliography. Menzies (1996). in Muridae

The first comprehensive revision of all the species attributed to Melomys led J. I. Menzies in 1996 to resurrect the genus Paramelomys and to redefine its morphologicallimits and species content. Menzies created P. gressitti as a new species belonging to a group displaying morphological similarities and including also P. lorentzii and P. moncktoni. Monotypic Distribution. E New Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-162 mm, hindfoot 30-34 mm; no specific data are available for body weight. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is a medium-sized Paramelomys with a soft, thick and woolly pelage, a long narrow foot, and a tail with three hairs per scale. It exhibits a medium-sepia dorsal pelage and a gray-buff ventral one. Tail is slightly shorter (99%) than head-body length. The skull has a narrow zygomatic plate. Habitat. Moist tropical mountain forest between 2300 m and 2400 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List owing to its small geographic range (less than 3500 km?*) and the destruction ofits habitat by mining and logging activities. The major threat to Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is ongoing habitat degradation caused by nearby human populations; habitat on Mount Kandy has been destroyed by gold-miners and wood-cutters. Bibliography. Menzies (1996).

Lophuromys stanley: is member of the L. flavopunctatus species complex and was named during partial revision of the L. aguilus species complex. It is characterized by craniometric and genetic character-istics; its skull proportions are similar to L. laticeps, and molecularly, it is similar to L. margarettae and L. zena (cytochrome-b). Lophuromys stanleyi is one of four endemic species in the Rwenzori Mountains diversity hotspot. Monotypic. Distribution. Rwenzori Mts, E DR Congo and SW Uganda. Descriptive notes. Head-body 113-126 mm, tail 40-80 mm, ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 22-24 mm; weight 36-55 g. The Rwenzori Brush-furred Rat has a speckled pelage similar to other speciesin the L. flavopunctatus species complex. Tail is short, 50-60% of head-body length. Habitat. Poorly known, but type specimen was collected at an elevation of 3700 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information. in Muridae

Lophuromys stanley: is member of the L. flavopunctatus species complex and was named during partial revision of the L. aguilus species complex. It is characterized by craniometric and genetic character-istics; its skull proportions are similar to L. laticeps, and molecularly, it is similar to L. margarettae and L. zena (cytochrome-b). Lophuromys stanleyi is one of four endemic species in the Rwenzori Mountains diversity hotspot. Monotypic. Distribution. Rwenzori Mts, E DR Congo and SW Uganda. Descriptive notes. Head-body 113-126 mm, tail 40-80 mm, ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 22-24 mm; weight 36-55 g. The Rwenzori Brush-furred Rat has a speckled pelage similar to other speciesin the L. flavopunctatus species complex. Tail is short, 50-60% of head-body length. Habitat. Poorly known, but type specimen was collected at an elevation of 3700 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information.

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996). in Muridae

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996).