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FIGURE 4 in A review of East and Central African species of Letheobia Cope, revived from the synonymy of Rhinotyphlops Fitzinger, with descriptions of five new species (Serpentes: Typhlopidae)

FIGURE 4. The Letheobia pallida complex: A. L. pallida (BMNH 68.2.9.135 – Zanzibar, after Roux-Estève, 1974: Fig. 151); B. L. swahilica sp. nov. (MCZ 40076, holotype – Ngatana, Tana River, Kenya, J. Boundy illustration); C. L. toritensis sp. nov. (NMZB 16722, paratype – Torit, Sudan, J. Boundy illustration). The lines indicate 1 mm to scale.

FIGURES 7–12 in A new species, new synonymy, and taxonomic notes in the Anastrepha schausi group (Diptera: Tephritidae)

FIGURES 7–12. Anastrepha fuscicauda, terminalia (Panama: Altos de Pacora): 7, oviscape; 8, eversible membrane, dorsal (USNMENT00212780); 9, aculeus, ventral (USNMENT00212778); 10, aculeus tip, ventral; 11, epandrium and

FIGURES 3–6 in A new species, new synonymy, and taxonomic notes in the Anastrepha schausi group (Diptera: Tephritidae)

FIGURES 3–6. Wings: 3–4, Anastrepha fuscicauda (Panama: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00212780; Cerro Jefe, USNMENT00214104); 5, A. lutea, female (Venezuela: La Chira, USNMENT00048651); 6, A. lutea, male (holotype, A.

FIGURES 1–2 in A new species, new synonymy, and taxonomic notes in the Anastrepha schausi group (Diptera: Tephritidae)

FIGURES 1–2. Anastrepha fuscicauda, habitus (Panama: Altos de Pacora): 1, female (Panama: Altos de Pacora,

FIGURES 13–14 in A new species, new synonymy, and taxonomic notes in the Anastrepha schausi group (Diptera: Tephritidae)

FIGURES 13–14. Anastrepha lutea, habitus (Venezuela: La Chira): 13, female (USNMENT00048654); 14, male

FIGURE 6 in Redescription of three species of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes from the Yellow Sea, China, with the synonymy of Hysterothylacium muraenesoxin (Luo, 1999)

FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Hysterothylacium tasmaniense (Johnston & Mawson, 1945). A, cephalic extremity of female, apical view; B, cephalic extremity of female, ventral view C, dorsal lip; D, subventral lip; E, posterior end of male, lateral view; F, tip of male tail; G. cuticular stransverse striations of anterior part of body; H. I, posterior region of male tail, showing the caudal papillae; i, interlabium; d, double papillae.

FIGURE 5 in Redescription of three species of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes from the Yellow Sea, China, with the synonymy of Hysterothylacium muraenesoxin (Luo, 1999)

FIGURE 5. Hysterothylacium tasmaniense (Johnston & Mawson, 1945). A, anterior part of body of male, lateral view; B, cephalic end of male, dorsal view; C, cephalic end of female, ventral view; D, posterior end of male, lateral view; E, caudal region of male, lateral view; F, posterior end of female, lateral view; Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 4 in Redescription of three species of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes from the Yellow Sea, China, with the synonymy of Hysterothylacium muraenesoxin (Luo, 1999)

FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Hysterothylacium fabri (Rudolphi, 1819). A, cephalic end of female, lateral view; B, cephalic extremity, lateral view; C, cephalic extremity, apical view; D, subventral lip; E, dorsal lip; F, posterior end of female, lateral view; G, tip of female tail; a, lateral alae; i, interlabium; d, double papillae; s, single papillae; am, amphid.

FIGURE 3 in Redescription of three species of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes from the Yellow Sea, China, with the synonymy of Hysterothylacium muraenesoxin (Luo, 1999)

FIGURE 3. Hysterothylacium fabri (Rudolphi, 1819). A, anterior part of female, lateral view; B, cephalic end of female, dorsal view; C, cephalic end of female, lateral view; D, cephalic end of female, ventral view; E, tip of female tail; Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 1 in Redescription of three species of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes from the Yellow Sea, China, with the synonymy of Hysterothylacium muraenesoxin (Luo, 1999)

FIGURE 1. Hysterothylacium amoyense (Hsü, 1933). A, cephalic end of female, lateral view; B, cephalic end of female, dorsal view; C, posterior end of male, lateral view; D, anterior part of male, ventral view; E, posterior end of male, lateral view; F, posterior end of female, lateral view; Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 2 in Redescription of three species of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes from the Yellow Sea, China, with the synonymy of Hysterothylacium muraenesoxin (Luo, 1999)

FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Hysterothylacium amoyense (Hsü, 1933). A, B, cephalic extremity of male, apical view; C, cephalic extremity of male, lateral view; D, dorsal lip; E, subventral lip; F, posterior end of male; G, postcloacal papillae; H, tip of female tail; I, tip of male tail; J, paracloacal papillae (arrows); K, posterior end of female, lateral view; L, anterior end of male, lateral view; i, interlabium; d, double papillae; s, single papillae; pd, postcloacal double papillae.

FIGURE 72 in Synonymy of Homalopoltys (Araneae: Araneidae) with the genus Dolichognatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and descriptions of two new species

FIGURE 72. Consensus tree for the tetragnathids. The unfigured part of the tree remains as in the original study (Hormiga et al. 1995). Unambiguous character changes shown, filled squares = non-homoplasious; open squares = homoplasious. Number above symbol is the character number; number below is character state.

FIGURES 61–71. Dolichognatha raveni. 61–65 in Synonymy of Homalopoltys (Araneae: Araneidae) with the genus Dolichognatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and descriptions of two new species

FIGURES 61–71. Dolichognatha raveni. 61–65, male (QM S78041). 61, eye region and chelicerae, frontal (slight rotation); blunt cheliceral tooth near fang tip arrowed. 62, eye region and chelicerae, lateral; arrow indicates anterolateral carapace projection. 63, right maxillary endite and labium, frontal. 64, 65, male palpal organ, ventral, retrolateral; arrow indicates embolic process. 66–71, female (holotype). 66, carapace, dorsal. 67, 68, abdomen lateral, dorsal. 69, 70, epigynum, ventral, posterior. 71, epigynum dorsal (internal genitalia). Scale lines 0.5 mm for somatic parts, 0.1 mm for genitalia.

FIGURES 54–60 in Synonymy of Homalopoltys (Araneae: Araneidae) with the genus Dolichognatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and descriptions of two new species

FIGURES 54–60. Dolichognatha mandibularis male (holotype). 54, prosoma, lateral. 55, 56, abdomen lateral, dorsal. 57, carapace and chelicerae, frontal. 58, carapace, dorsal. 59, 60, male palpal organ, ventral, retrolateral. Scale lines 0.5 mm for somatic parts, 0.1 mm for genitalia.

FIGURES 29–37. Dolichognatha deelemanae. 29–34 in Synonymy of Homalopoltys (Araneae: Araneidae) with the genus Dolichognatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and descriptions of two new species

FIGURES 29–37. Dolichognatha deelemanae. 29–34, male (holotype). 29, prosoma, lateral. 30, 31, abdomen lateral, dorsal. 32, carapace and chelicerae, frontal; anterolateral carapace projection arrowed. 33, 34, male palpal organ (holotype), ventral, retrolateral. 35–37, female epigynum (RMNH.ARA.11301). 35, ventral. 36, posterior. 37, dorsal (internal genitalia). Scale lines 0.5 mm for somatic parts, 0.1 mm for genitalia.

FIGURES 46–53. Dolichognatha incanescens female. 46–48 in Synonymy of Homalopoltys (Araneae: Araneidae) with the genus Dolichognatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and descriptions of two new species

FIGURES 46–53. Dolichognatha incanescens female. 46–48, (holotype). 46, lateral habitus. 47, abdomen, dorsal. 48, carapace, dorsal. 49, female (RBIN), carapace, dorsal. 50–52, female epigynum (holotype). 50, ventral. 51, posterior. 52, dorsal (internal genitalia). 53, D. incanescens? (RMNH ex Kalimantan), internal genitalia. Scale lines 0.5 mm for somatic parts, 0.1 mm for genitalia.

FIGURES 17–28. Dolichognatha albida. 17–23 in Synonymy of Homalopoltys (Araneae: Araneidae) with the genus Dolichognatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and descriptions of two new species

FIGURES 17–28. Dolichognatha albida. 17–23, female (holotype). 17, prosoma, lateral. 18, 19, abdomen lateral, dorsal. 20, part of prosoma, frontal. 21, carapace, dorsal. 22, left leg one showing prolateral macrosetae. 23, prosoma, ventral. 24, 25, female (RMNH), abdomen lateral, dorsal. 26–28, female epigynum (holotype). 26, ventral. 27, posterior. 28, dorsal (internal genitalia). Scale lines 0.5 mm for somatic parts, 0.1 mm for genitalia.

FIGURES 38–45 in Synonymy of Homalopoltys (Araneae: Araneidae) with the genus Dolichognatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and descriptions of two new species

FIGURES 38–45. Dolichognatha incanescens male (RMNH.ARA.11302). 38, lateral habitus; prominent cymbial basal process arrowed. 39, dorsal abdomen. 40, carapace, dorsal. 41, sternum and endites, ventral. 42, carapace and chelicerae, frontal. 43, 44, male palpal organ, ventral, retrolateral. 45, male palpal organ, expanded (RBIN); embolic lamina arrowed. Scale lines 0.5 mm for somatic parts, 0.1 mm for genitalia.

FIGURES 13–16 in Synonymy of Homalopoltys (Araneae: Araneidae) with the genus Dolichognatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and descriptions of two new species

FIGURES 13–16. Dolichognatha incanescens male (QM S74356), left palpal organ (partially expanded). 13, retroventral. 14, retrolateral. 15, tarsal organ and arc of macrosetae. 16, cymbial basal process and paracymbium.

FIGURES 1–7 in Synonymy of Homalopoltys (Araneae: Araneidae) with the genus Dolichognatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) and descriptions of two new species

FIGURES 1–7. Dolichognatha incanescens female (RBIN). 1–4, spinnerets. 1, spinneret field, left side. 2, ALS. 3. PMS. 4, PLS (right side, image reversed). 5–7, legs. 5, dorsal tarsus, left leg IV. 6, tarsal organ, left leg 1. 7, tarsal claws, left leg I.