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FIGURE 12 in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 12. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Measurements for various sections of the aedeagus—(a) length of (entire) dorsal margin, (b) length of ventral margin, (c) length of narrow posterior (apical) section, (d) width of narrow posterior (apical) section measured at midpoint, (e) maximal (vertical) width of shaft.
FIGURE 13. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Male leg I in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 13. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Male leg I, tibia and tarsus (dorsal to slightly lateral aspect). Illustration is based on specimens from Citrus sp. in Florida, and are representative of all populations studied.
FIGURE 10. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Ambulacra, female I in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 10. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Ambulacra, female I (A) and IV (B), male I (C) and IV (D) (red arrows indicate the fine dorsal and ventral hairs flanking the middle thickened proximoventral hair).
FIGURE 11 in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 11. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (including E. asiaticus) (A–N), E. spanius (possible synonym of E. sexmaculatus) (O) and E. queenslandicus* (P–R). Presentation of variation of aedeagus in lateral view (A–C, E–H, K–L, O), in dorsolateral view (J, M), and in mostly dorsal view (D, I, N). *It is unclear whether the aedeagi of E. queenslandicus paratypes are in a dorsolateral or lateral view. Host plants: (A–B), (D–E) Citrus sp.; (C) X Citroncirus sp.; (F–I) avocado; (K) Ficus erecta; (L–N) Ficus virgata; (O) Psidium guajava; (P–R) Codaeium variegatum. Legend: FL—Florida (USA), WA—Western Australia, CA—California (USA), TA—Taiwan; PT—paratype; HT—holotype.
FIGURE 9 in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 9. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Female leg III, dorsal (A) and ventral aspect (B) of tibia and tarsus, and leg IV, dorsal aspect of trochanter, femur and genu (C). Illustrations are based on specimens from Citrus sp. in Florida, and are representative of all populations studied. Red arrow indicates seta vʺ1 that is not present on tarsus III in many other Tetranychinae (including the representative Tetranychus sp. illustrated in Lindquist (1985:17)).
FIGURE 8. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Female leg II in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 8. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Female leg II, tibia and tarsus (A–B) and trochanter, femur and genu (C); dorsal aspect (A, C) and ventral aspect (B). Illustrations are based on specimens from Citrus sp. in Florida, and are representative of all populations studied. Red arrow indicates seta lʺ1 that is not present in many other Tetranychinae (including the representative Tetranychus sp. illustrated in Lindquist (1985:17)).
FIGURE 5 in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 5. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (A–H) and E. queenslandicus (I). Genital and pregenital area of specimens—(A–C) from Citrus spp. and X Citroncirus sp. in Florida, USA (A: Alachua County, B: Dunnellon Co., C: Suwannee Co.); (D–F) from grape and avocado in southwestern Western Australia (D: grape, E–F: avocado); (G) from Citrus sp. in Taiwan; (H) of E. asiaticus paratype from Ficus sp. in Okinawa, Japan; (I) of E. queenslandicus paratype from Codaeium variegatum in Freshwater, Queensland, Australia. Legend: FL—Florida (USA), WA—Western Australia, CA—California (USA), TA—Taiwan, PT—paratype
FIGURE 2 in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 2. Majority rule consensus tree of 19802 trees generated by Bayesian MCMC analysis (10 million generations) of 451 bp fragment of COI from 33 Eotetranychus specimens representing 17 species (ingroup), and two Bryobia species (outgroup). Bayesian posterior probabilities>50% / Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap supports (1000 repl.)>50% shown above branches.
FIGURE 7. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Female leg I in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 7. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Female leg I, tibia and tarsus (only tibia in D); dorsal aspect (A) and ventral aspect (B– D). Illustrations are based on specimens from Citrus sp. in Florida and from Ficus virgata in Okinawa, and are representative of all populations studied. Red arrow indicates seta l′2 that is not present in many other Tetranychinae (including the representative Tetranychus sp. illustrated in Lindquist (1985:17)).
FIGURE 1 in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 1. Aedeagus of E. sexmaculatus, reproduced from the literature. (A) McGregor 1919:659, 682 (Plate 78, figure 8); (B) McGregor 1950:390 (Plate XVII, figure 8); (C) Pritchard & Baker 1955:199 (figure 156); (D) Pritchard & Baker 1955:140 (figure 104, bottom left).
FIGURE 4 in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 4. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. Female habitus; dorsal idiosomal setae labelled; specimen from Citrus sp. in Florida, USA.
FIGURE 6 in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 6. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus. (A) female palp and (B) male palp, with photos showing slight variation of dimension of tarsal spinneret; (C) variation in peritremes.
FIGURE 3 in The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
FIGURE 3. Majority rule consensus tree of 9902 trees generated by Bayesian MCMC analysis (5 million generations) of 643 bp fragment of ITS2 from 25 Eotetranychus specimens representing six species (ingroup), and three Brevipalpus species (outgroup). Bayesian posterior probabilities>50% / Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap supports (1000 repl.)>50% shown above branches.
Leopard and spotted hyena camera trap dataset
<p><span>Human disturbance has the potential to alter competitive interactions, favoring species better able to adapt to areas used by humans. One such species is the spotted hyena (<em>Crocutu crocuta</em>), which has been successful in human dominated areas throughout Africa, competing through kleptoparasitism with other carnivore species (e.g., leopards [<em>Panthera pardus</em>]). In the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, leopard density declines sharply close to human settlements and hyenas are their only competitors. Using camera trap data and a spatio-temporal occupancy model, we assessed the relative dominance of each species through spatial co-occurrence, altered activity patterns and temporary site avoidance. We tested the hypothesis that hyenas gain a competitive advantage over leopards in human-dominated areas due to their relatively higher tolerance for anthropogenic activities. We found that while hyena occupancy was best predicted by prey occupancy and not strongly affected by landscape factors associated with humans, leopards, </span><span>especially male leopards, were </span><span>less likely to be detected close to human settlements</span><span>. Female leopards, which are smaller than males, exhibited activity shifts and temporary site avoidance in response to hyenas, whereas hyenas shifted their activity patterns in response to male leopards. These results suggest that while hyenas may be behaviorally dominant over female leopards, they are subordinate to male leopards. We found that male leopards and hyenas were less </span><span>likely to co-occur closer to people, especially where prey was scarce, suggesting </span><span>subordinance of hyenas to male leopards may be mitigated by human disturbance</span><span>.</span><span> Furthermore, young male leopards shifted their activity patterns to be more diurnal in response to hyena presence, suggesting that dominance relationship between hyenas and leopards develops with age and is probably related to body size. These results indicate that human disturbance has the potential to affect the competitive relationship between leopards and hyenas in the Udzungwa mountains, but that relationships will vary with sex and body size.</span></p>
FIGURE 3 in A new species-group of Macrostomus (Diptera, Empididae) with notable spotted wings recorded from the North Amazonia biogeographical component and a key to species-groups
FIGURE 3. Macrostomus polleti sp. nov., paratype male. A, habitus; B, wing; C, tergite 8 and sternite 8, dorsal view; D, tergite and sternite 8, lateral view; E, terminalia, lateral view (epandrium outlined); F, detail of the cercal bridge and subepandrial sclerite, anterior view; G, cerci lobes, posterior view; H, hypandrium (below) and detached phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, lateral view. I, holotype labels. Abbreviations: a ce = anterior cercus; ce brd = cercal bridge, m ce = median cercus, p ce = posterior cercus, ph = phallus, sbepand scl = subepandrial sclerite.
FIGURE 2 in A new species-group of Macrostomus (Diptera, Empididae) with notable spotted wings recorded from the North Amazonia biogeographical component and a key to species-groups
FIGURE 2. Macrostomus megatarsus sp. nov., paratype female. A, habitus; B, wing; C, tergites 8, 9+10 and cerci, dorsal view; D, sternite 8, ventral view; E, tergite and sternite 8 to cerci, lateral view (sternite 8 outlined); F, spermatheca; G, eggs. Abbreviations: gen fk = genital fork, tg = tergite, st = sternite. Figures C, D, and E at same scale.
FIGURE 5 in A new species-group of Macrostomus (Diptera, Empididae) with notable spotted wings recorded from the North Amazonia biogeographical component and a key to species-groups
FIGURE 5. South American components (modified from Amorim 2024) and geographical localities for the Macrostomus species. Symbols represent the known collection localities: solid triangle = M. megatarsus sp. nov.; solid star = M. polleti sp. nov.
FIGURE 1 in A new species-group of Macrostomus (Diptera, Empididae) with notable spotted wings recorded from the North Amazonia biogeographical component and a key to species-groups
FIGURE 1. Macrostomus megatarsus sp. nov., paratype male. A, habitus; B, wing; C, tergite 8, dorsal view; D, tergite and sternite 8, lateral view; E, epandrium and cerci, lateral view; F, epandrium, lateral view; G, cerci lobes, dorsolateral view; H, detail of the cercal bridge and subepandrial sclerite, anterior view; I, hypandrium, ejaculatory apodeme, and phallus, lateral view; J, holotype labels. Abbreviations: a ce = anterior cercus; ce brd = cercal bridge, ej apod = ejaculatory apodeme, hypd = hypandrium, m ce = median cercus, p ce = posterior cercus, ph = phallus, sbepand scl = subepandrial sclerite.
FIGURE 4 in A new species-group of Macrostomus (Diptera, Empididae) with notable spotted wings recorded from the North Amazonia biogeographical component and a key to species-groups
FIGURE 4. Macrostomus polleti sp. nov., paratype female. A, habitus; B, wing; C, tergites 8, 9+10 and cerci, dorsal view; D, sternite 8 and genital fork, ventral view; E, tergite and sternite 8 to cerci, lateral view; F, spermatheca and spermathecal duct. Figures C, D, and E at same scale.
2023 HamSCI Gladstone Signal Spotting Challenge (GSSC) Data and Scoring Calculations
<p>The ZIP file contains all data sources used in scoring the October 13, 2023 running of the HamSCI GSSC competition: ReverseBeacon.net, WSPRnet.org, PSKReporter.info. There is a ZIP file containing each entrant's data as extracted from the WSPRnet data. Further, it contains the participant entries (in an Apple Mac OS Numbers formatted spreadsheet) along with the scoring calculation file (Numbers format). Included is a description of the scoring methodology (Apple Mac OS Pages format) and the shell scripts used to extract the WSPRnet data. The GSSC 2023 Results Writeup.pdf, as published to the HamSCI.org website, summarizes the entire event. </p> <p>Additional ZIP files, eg gssc2023bonusXX.zip, contain emails and attachments (PDF, jpg, etc) submitted by the entrants for bonus points.</p> <p>The purpose of the GSSC competition was to generate ham radio 'spots' (records of 1- and 2-way amateur radio contacts on the shortware bands, aggregated in the form of transmission and reception reports stored in the data sources referenced above). The 'spot' data is intended for use in studies of radio wave propagation via the ionosphere.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.