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4,028 results for “Behaviour”
Data from: Adaptation in the Anthropocene: How behavioural choice and colour change enables chameleon prawns to camouflage on non‐native seaweeds
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Location and caller familiarity influence mobbing behaviour and the likely ecological impact of noisy miners around colony edges
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Characterising underwater noise and changes in harbour porpoise behaviour during the decommissioning of an oil and gas platform
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Data From: Effects of disease on foraging behaviour and success in an individual free-ranging northern elephant seal
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Data for: Does migration distance influence intra-individual variation in migratory behaviour in a seabird species with diverse migration strategies?
<p>GPS tracking data from adult lesser black-backed gulls (<em>L. fuscus) </em>with 2 – 7 years of tracking data per individual from several colonies in the Netherlands, Belgium and the UK. This data has gone through initial cleaning to remove faulty GPS locations was combined with meta data from colonies to create a single .RDS file. </p> <p>Result for the manuscript "High repeatability in migratory behaviours in a generalist seabird regardless of migration strategy" can be obtained from this data using the R scripts at https://github.com/jbrow247/LBBG_MigrationPlasticity_Pub. </p>
A closer look at the timecourse of mind wandering: pupillary responses and behaviour
<p>This is the dataset reported in the manuscript "A closer look at the timecourse of mind wandering: pupillary responses and behaviour" currently submitted for publication in PlosOne (uploaded on BioRxive, and available at https://doi.org/10.1101/869768)</p> <p>This work is in continuation with previously published data by the same authors: Pelagatti, C., Binda, P., & Vannucci, M. (2018). Tracking the Dynamics of Mind Wandering: Insights from Pupillometry. Journal of Cognition, 1(1), 38. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/joc.41</p>
Figure 3 in Notes on mating behaviour and a possible new host plant for Megacyllene angulata (Fabricius, 1775) (Cerambycidae, Coleoptera)
Figure 3. Megacyllene angulata (Fabricius, 1775). (A‑C) male. (A) dorsal habitus; (B) ventral habitus; (C) lateral habitus. (D‑F) female. (D) dorsal habitus; (E) ventral habitus; (F) lateral habitus. Scale bar = 2 mm.
Figure 1 in Notes on mating behaviour and a possible new host plant for Megacyllene angulata (Fabricius, 1775) (Cerambycidae, Coleoptera)
Figure 1. Location where the observations occurred. (A) South American with Amazonia state (Brazil) marked; (B) Amazonia state with the location of observation in Tefé municipality marked (red point); (C) area of observation.
Fight or flight? Behaviour and experiences of laypersons in the face of an incipient fire
<p>Video examples from an experimental study by the University of Muenster, Germany, in cooperation with the German Fire Protection Association and the State Fire Service Institute NRW, Germany. The study is part of a larger research project and examined the behavior of laypersons when confronted with an incipient fire.</p> <p>Within minutes, an incipient fire can develop into a life-threatening full fire. Consequently, it should be fought as early as possible. But are laypersons capable of doing this? In such a situation, how do they behave and feel? These questions are addressed in the current study. Persons without any professional firefighting training (N=64) were confronted in two experimental runs with a real incipient fire in the form of a burning pillow.</p> <p>The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Department 7 of the University of Münster (ID 2018-16-MT) and pre-registered with AsPredicted.org under the number 20436 (https://aspredicted.org/8py33.pdf). The study was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (funding code FKZ 13N14208).</p> <p>The video examples show 1) an expert handling the fire extinguisher spray and 2) the reaction of a typical participant confronted with an incipient fire.<br> Both persons agreed to the publication of these videos for demonstration purposes in events with limited number of participants (e.g. lectures); any commercial use is explicitly prohibited.</p>
PredCheck: Detecting Predatory Behaviour in Scholarly World
<p>Dataset used in the paper "PredCheck: Detecting Predatory Behaviour in Scholarly World" accepted at JCDL 2020 as a poster.<br> <br> Abstract: High solicitation for publishing a paper in scientific journals has led to the emergence of a large number of open-access predatory publishers. They fail to provide a rigorous peer-review process, thereby diluting the quality of research work and charge high article processing fees. Identification of such publishers has remained a challenge due to the vast diversity of the scholarly publishing ecosystem. Earlier works utilises only the objective features such as metadata. In this work, we aim to explore the possibility of identifying predatory behaviour through text-based features. We propose PredCheck, a four-step classificaton pipeline. The first classifier identifies the subject of the paper using TF-IDF vectors. Based on the subject of the paper, the Doc2Vec embeddings of the text are found. These embeddings are then fed into a Naive Bayes classifier that identifies the text to be predatory or non-predatory. Our pipeline gives a macro accuracy of 95% and an F1-score of 0.89.</p>
Data from: Environmental enrichment induces intergenerational behavioural and epigenetic effects on fish
Parental effects influence offspring phenotypes through pre- and post-natal routes but little is known about their molecular basis, and therefore their adaptive significance. Epigenetic modifications, which control gene expression without changes in the DNA sequence and are influenced by the environment, may contribute to parental effects. We investigated the effects of environmental enrichment on the behaviour, metabolic rate and brain DNA methylation patterns of parents and offspring of the highly inbreed mangrove killifish (Kryptolebias marmoratus). Parental fish reared in enriched environments had lower cortisol levels, lower metabolic rates and were more active and neophobic than those reared in barren environments. They also differed in 1,854 methylated cytosines (DMCs). Offspring activity and neophobia were determined by the parental environment. Among the DMCs of the parents, 98 followed the same methylation patterns in the offspring, three of which were significantly influenced by parental environments irrespective of their own rearing environment. Our results suggest that parental environment influences the behaviour and, to some extent, the brain DNA methylation patterns of the offspring.
Data from: The impact of personality, morphotype and shore-height on temperature-mediated behavioural responses in the beadlet anemone (Actinia equina)
1. Between-individual variation in behavioural phenotype, termed personality, is an important determinant of how populations cope with acute environmental fluctuation related to climate change. 2. Personality in the beadlet sea anemone (Actinia equina) is linked to genetically distinct morphotypes, which are associated with different heights on the shore. In the intertidal zone, high-shore environments experience more environmental fluctuation due to longer periods of exposure, and animals adapted to live in these environments are predicted to deal more effectively with environmental perturbation than their low-shore counterparts. 3. We collected beadlet anemones of two different morphotypes from three different shore-heights. We investigated variation in two behaviours at three different temperatures and in a temporal control treatment where the temperature was not changed: startle response-time, the time it took an anemone to re-extend its tentacles after a threatening stimulus, and immersion response-time, the time to re-extend tentacles after simulated tidal immersion. These behaviours reflect risk taking and allow individuals to be categorised as bold, shy or intermediate based upon response-times. 4. Both behaviours showed significant changes as the temperature increased. For immersion-response, the morphotype associated with the low-shore lengthened response-times at high temperatures. For startle-response, all animals lengthened their response-times at high temperatures but animals collected from the low-shore lengthened theirs to the greatest degree. At the individual level, although control individuals exhibited temporal changes in their response-times, a clear effect of temperature was present in both behaviours. Shy and bold individuals became more intermediate at higher temperatures in immersion-response (this effect was present to a lesser degree in control individuals), while intermediate individuals raised their response-times at higher temperatures for startle-response. 5. Given that prolonged tentacle retraction reduces foraging opportunities and can negatively impact respiratory efficiency, our data suggest that some individuals within a single population of A.equina, particularly those associated with the lower-shore, may exhibit less effective behavioural responses to temperature-shifts than others. These findings demonstrate that acute temperature changes influence risk-taking, and could have profound short and long-term implications for survival in the face of climate change. 16-Jun-2020
Can behaviour impede evolution? persistence of singing effort after morphological song loss in crickets
<p>Evolutionary loss of sexual signals is widespread. Examining the consequences for behaviours associated with such signals can provide insight into factors promoting or inhibiting trait loss. We tested whether a behavioural component of a sexual trait, male calling effort, has been evolutionary reduced in silent populations of Hawaiian field crickets (<em>Teleogryllus oceanicus</em>). Cricket song requires energetically costly wing movements, but 'flatwing' males have feminised wings that preclude song and protect against a lethal, eavesdropping parasitoid. Flatwing males express wing movement patterns associated with singing but, in contrast to normal-wing males, sustained periods of wing movement cannot confer sexual selection benefits and should be subject to strong negative selection. We developed an automated technique to quantify how long males spend expressing wing movements associated with song. We compared calling effort among populations of Hawaiian crickets with differing proportions of silent males, and between male morphs. Contrary to expectation, silent populations invested as much in calling effort as non-silent populations. Additionally, flatwing and normal-wing males did not differ in calling effort. The lack of evolved behavioural adjustment following morphological change in silent Hawaiian crickets illustrates how behaviour might sometimes impede, rather than facilitate, evolution.</p>
Parasite infection disrupts escape behaviour in fish shoals
<p>Many prey species have evolved collective responses to avoid predation. They rapidly transfer information about potential predators to trigger and coordinate escape waves. Predation avoidance behaviour is often manipulated by trophically transmitted parasites, to facilitate their transmission to the next host. We hypothesised that the presence of infected, behaviourally altered individuals might disturb the spread of escape waves. We used the tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus, which increases risk-taking behaviour and decrease social responsiveness of its host, the three spined stickleback, to test this hypothesis. Three subgroups of sticklebacks were placed next to one another in separate compartments with shelter. The middle subgroup contained either uninfected or infected sticklebacks. We confronted an outer subgroup with an artificial bird strike, and studied how the escape response spread through the subgroups. With uninfected sticklebacks in the middle, escape waves spread rapidly through the entire shoal and fish remained in shelter thereafter. With infected sticklebacks in the middle, the escape wave was disrupted and uninfected fish did hardlyrarely used the shelter. Infected individuals can disrupt the transmission of flight responses, thereby not only increasing their own predation risk but also that of their uninfected shoal members. Our study uncovers a potentially far-reaching fitness consequence of grouping with infected individuals.</p>
How biological invasions affect animal behaviour: a global, cross-taxonomic analysis
<p>1. In the Anthropocene, species are faced with drastic challenges due to rapid, human-induced changes, such as habitat destruction, pollution and biological invasions. In the case of invasions, native species may change their behaviour to minimise the impacts they sustain from invasive species, and invaders may also adapt to the conditions in their new environment in order to survive and establish self-sustaining populations. 2. We aimed at giving an overview of which changes in behaviour are studied in invasions, and what is known about the types of behaviour that change, the underlying mechanisms and the speed of behavioural changes. 3. Based on a review of the literature, we identified 191 studies and 360 records (some studies reported multiple records) documenting behavioural changes caused by biological invasions in native (236 records from 148 species) or invasive (124 records from 50 species) animal species. This global dataset, which we make openly available, is not restricted to particular taxonomic groups. 4. We found a mild taxonomic bias in the literature towards mammals, birds and insects. In line with the enemy release hypothesis, native species changed their anti-predator behaviour more frequently than invasive species. Rates of behavioural change were evenly distributed across taxa, but not across types of behaviour. 5. Our findings may help to better understand the role of behaviour in biological invasions as well as temporal changes in both population densities and traits of invasive species, and of native species affected by them.</p>
Data from: Behavioural and fitness effects of translocation to a novel environment: whole-lake experiments in two aquatic top predators
<p>Translocation into a novel environment through common fisheries-management practices, such as fish stocking, provides opportunities to study behavioural and fitness impacts of translocations at realistic ecological scales. The process of stocking, as well as the unfamiliarity with novel ecological conditions and the interactions with resident fish may affect translocated individuals, leading to alterations of behaviours and causing fitness impacts.</p> <p>Our objectives were to investigate how aquatic top-predators behaviourally establish themselves and compete with resident individuals following introduction in a novel lake environment and to investigate the resulting fitness consequences.</p> <p>Using high-resolution acoustic telemetry, we conducted whole-lake experiments and compared the activity, activity-space size and fate of translocated and resident individuals in two model top predators, northern pike (Esox lucius, n = 160) and European catfish (Silurus glanis, n = 33). Additionally, we compared the reproductive fitness of translocated and resident northern pike. The experiment was conducted with large (adult) individuals of different origins, resilient to predation, but subject to agonistic interactions and competition with resident fish.</p> <p>Over a period of several months, the translocated catfish exhibited consistently larger activity-space sizes than resident catfish, but did not differ from residents in activity and survival. The pike from one of the two translocated origins we tested also showed elevated space-use, and both translocated origins revealed higher mortality rates than their resident conspecifics, indicating maladjustment to their novel environment. When non-resident pike reproduced, they overwhelmingly produced hybrid offspring with resident fish, indicating that introductions fostered gene flow of non-native genes.</p> <p>Our study indicates that fish introductions result in behavioural and fitness impacts even in large-bodied top predators that experience low levels of natural predation risk. </p>
Data from: Effect of pH regulation by microbes on corrosion behaviour of duplex stainless steel 2205 in acidic artificial seawater environment
Sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) can regulate environmental pH because of their metabolism. Since local acidification results in pitting corrosion, the potential capacity of pH regulation by SRB would have important consequences for electrochemical aspects of the bio-corrosion process. This study focussed on identifying the effect of pH on the corrosion of duplex stainless steel (DSS) 2205 in a nutrient rich artificial seawater medium containing SRB species, Desulfovibrio vulgaris. DSS samples were exposed to the medium for 13 days at 37 0C at pH ranging from 4.0 to 7.4. The open circuit potential value (OCP), sulphide level, pH and number of bacteria in the medium were recorded daily. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potential dynamic polarization were used to study the properties of the films and corrosion behaviour of the material. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) was used to measure the concentration of cations Cr, Fe, Ni, Mo, Mn in the experimental solution after 13 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) were used for surface analysis. The results showed the pH changed from acidic values set at the beginning of the experiment to approximately pH 7.5 after 5 days due to bacterial metabolism. After 13 days, the highest iron concentration was in the solution that was initially at pH 4 accompanied by pitting on the stainless steel. Sulphide was present on all specimens but with more sulphide corrosion products at pH 4. The results of this study suggest that the corrosion process for the first few days exposure at low pH was driven by pH in solution rather than by bacteria. The increasing pH during the course of the experiment slowed down the corrosion process of materials originally at low pH. The nature and mechanism of SRB attack on duplex stainless steel at different acidic environments are discussed.
Figure 1 in Phoretic behaviour of Attacobius attarum (Roewer, 1935) (Araneae: Corinnidae: Corinninae) dispersion not associated with predation?
Figure 1. The clustering of males and females of Attacobious attarum.
Behavioural responses to warming differentially impact survival in introduced and native dung beetles
<p>Background: Anthropogenic changes are often studied in isolation but may interact to affect biodiversity. For example, climate change could exacerbate the impacts of biological invasions if climate change differentially affects invasive and native species. Behavioural plasticity may mitigate some of the impacts of climate change, but species vary in their degree of behavioural plasticity. In particular, invasive species may have greater behavioural plasticity than native species since plasticity helps invasive species establish and spread in new environments. This plasticity could make invasives better able to cope with climate change.</p> <p>Goal: Here our goal was to examine whether reproductive behaviours and behavioural plasticity vary between an introduced and a native Onthophagus dung beetle species in response to warming temperatures and how differences in behaviour influence offspring survival.</p> <p>Methods: Using a repeated measures design, we exposed small colonies of introduced O. taurus and native O. hecate to three temperature treatments, including a control, low warming, and high warming treatment, and then measured reproductive behaviours, including the number, size, and burial depth of brood balls. We reared offspring in their brood balls in developmental temperatures that matched those of the brood ball burial depth to quantify survival.</p> <p>Results: We found that the introduced O. taurus produced more brood balls and larger brood balls, and buried brood balls deeper than the native O. hecate in all treatments. However, the two species did not vary in the degree of behavioural plasticity in response to warming. Differences in reproductive behaviours did affect survival, such that warming temperatures had a greater effect on survival of offspring of native O. hecate compared to introduced O. taurus.</p> <p>Broader implications: Overall, our results suggest that differences in behaviour between native and introduced species is one mechanism through which climate change may exacerbate negative impacts of biological invasions. </p>
Data from: Metabolic rate shapes phenotypic covariance among physiological, behavioural, and life history traits in honeybees
<p>Metabolic rate is often cited as the fundamental rate that determines the rate of all biological processes by shaping energetic availability for the various behavioral and life history traits that contribute to performance. It has therefore been suggested that metabolic rate drives the widely observed covariance among these different levels of phenotypic traits. However, much of the work on this topic has relied on pairwise correlational analysis, thereby leaving an important gap in our understanding regarding the functional links that shape this phenotypic covariance, often referred to as pace-of-life. Using honeybees as an experimental model, we measured a large number of behavioural, life history and physiological traits in individual bees and used a structural equation model to characterize the phenotypic covariance structure among these traits. Following this with a path analysis, we demonstrate that variation in metabolic rate plays a fundamental proximate role in driving this phenotypic covariance structure in honeybees. We discuss the importance of these findings in the context of how interindividual variation in terms of slow-fast phenotypes may drive the phenotype of a group and the functional role metabolic rate might play in shaping division of labour and social evolution.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.