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Astroniumxylon, Schinopsixylon and Parametopioxylon n. gen. fossil woods from Upper Cenozoic of Argentina: Taxonomic revision, new taxon and new records
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Body size, sampling completeness, and extinction risk in the marine fossil record
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Data from: Recognizing sexual dimorphism in the fossil record: lessons from nonavian dinosaurs
The demonstration of sexual dimorphism in the fossil record can provide vital information about the role that sexual selection has played in the evolution of life. However, statistically robust inferences of sexual dimorphism in fossil organisms are exceedingly difficult to establish, owing to issues of sample size, experimental control, and methodology. This is particularly so in the case of dinosaurs, for which sexual dimorphism has been posited in many species, yet quantifiable data are often lacking. This study presents the first statistical investigation of sexual dimorphism across Dinosauria. It revisits prior analyses that purport to find quantitative evidence for sexual dimorphism in nine dinosaur species. After the available morphological data were subjected to a suite of statistical tests (normality and unimodality tests and mixture modeling), no evidence for sexual dimorphism was found in any of the examined taxa, contrary to conventional wisdom. This is not to say that dinosaurs were not sexually dimorphic (phylogenetic inference suggests they may well have been), only that the available evidence precludes its detection. A priori knowledge of the sexes would greatly facilitate the assessment of sexual dimorphism in the fossil record, and it is suggested that unambiguous indicators of sex (e.g., presence of eggs, embryos, medullary bone) be used to this end.
Figure 3 from: Telnov D, Perkovsky EE, Vasilenko DV, Yamamoto S (2021) The first fossil Coleoptera record from the Volyn Region, Ukraine, with description of a new Glesoconomorphus (Coleoptera, Mycteridae) in syninclusion with Winterschmidtiidae (Acari) and a key to species. ZooKeys 1068: 189-201. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1068.75391
Figure 3 Glesoconomorphus ekaterinae sp. nov., holotype ♂ A frontal habitus B head in frontal view.
Figure 1 from: Telnov D, Perkovsky EE, Vasilenko DV, Yamamoto S (2021) The first fossil Coleoptera record from the Volyn Region, Ukraine, with description of a new Glesoconomorphus (Coleoptera, Mycteridae) in syninclusion with Winterschmidtiidae (Acari) and a key to species. ZooKeys 1068: 189-201. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1068.75391
Figure 1 Glesoconomorphus ekaterinae sp. nov., holotype ♂ A dorsal habitus B ventral habitus.
Figure 1 in A new genus of Mantispidae (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Eocene of Germany, with a review of the fossil record and palaeobiogeography of the family
Figure 1. Distribution of extant and fossil Mantispidae.
Data from: The effects of skeletal asymmetry on interpreting biological variation and taphonomy in the fossil record
Biological asymmetry is present in all bilaterally symmetric organisms as a result of normal developmental instability. However, fossilized organisms, which have undergone distortion due to burial, may have additional asymmetry as a result of taphonomic processes. To investigate this issue, we evaluated the magnitude of shape variation resulting from taphonomy on vertebrate bone using a novel application of fluctuating asymmetry. We quantified the amount of total variance attributed to asymmetry in a taphonomically distorted fossil taxon and compared it to that of three extant taxa. The fossil taxon had an average of 27% higher asymmetry than the extant taxa. In spite of the high amount of taphonomic input, the major axes of shape variation were not greatly altered by removal of the asymmetric component of shape variation. This presents the possibility that either underlying biologic trends drive the principal directions of shape change irrespective of asymmetric taphonomic distortion, or that the symmetric taphonomic component is large enough that removing only the asymmetric component is inadequate to restore fossil shape. Our study is the first to present quantitative data on the relative magnitude of taphonomic shape change and presents a new method to further explore how taphonomic processes impact our interpretation of the fossil record.
Data from: The effects of skeletal asymmetry on interpreting biological variation and taphonomy in the fossil record
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Data from: Recognizing sexual dimorphism in the fossil record: lessons from nonavian dinosaurs
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FIGURE 5. Burmempheria raruschaetae. A, B in First record of fossil psocodeans in copula from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber
FIGURE 5. Burmempheria raruschaetae. A, B, Habitus of NIGP203383. C, D, Habitus of NIGP203384. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 3 in First reliable fossil record of the subfamily Rhysipolinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): a new subgenus and species of the genus Rhysipolis Foerster, 1863 from Baltic amber
FIGURE 3. Rhysipolis (Rhysipolis) meditator (Haliday, 1836). (A) Body, lateral view. (B) Head, front view. (C) Head, dorsal view. (D) Basal antennomeres (E) Mesosoma and first metasomal tergite, dorsal view. (F) Head and mesosoma, lateral view. (G) Metasoma, dorsal view. (H) Metasoma and ovipositor, lateral view. (I) Wings.
FIGURE 13 in Hidden in plain sight: reassessment of the pig-footed bandicoot, Chaeropus ecaudatus (Peramelemorphia, Chaeropodidae), with a description of a new species from central australia, and use of the fossil record to trace its past distribution
FIGURE 13. Principal Component Analysis of cranial a), dental b) and external c) measurements for Chaeropus ecaudatus ecaudatus (squares), C. e. occidentalis (diamonds) and C. yirratji sp. nov. (crosses).
FIGURE 9 in Hidden in plain sight: reassessment of the pig-footed bandicoot, Chaeropus ecaudatus (Peramelemorphia, Chaeropodidae), with a description of a new species from central australia, and use of the fossil record to trace its past distribution
FIGURE 9. Reconstruction of Chaeropus yirratji sp. nov. Artwork by Peter Schouten. Copyright WA Museum.
FIGURE 15 in Hidden in plain sight: reassessment of the pig-footed bandicoot, Chaeropus ecaudatus (Peramelemorphia, Chaeropodidae), with a description of a new species from central australia, and use of the fossil record to trace its past distribution
FIGURE 15. Phylogenetic analyses of Chaeropus taxa using Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) approaches for the molecular data.
Figure 11. 3D in Palaeobiology of tanaidaceans (Crustacea: Peracarida) from Cretaceous ambers: extending the scarce fossil record of a diverse peracarid group
Figure 11. 3D virtual extraction of paratype (IGR.ARC- 283.10), female, of Arcantitanais turpis gen. et sp. nov. in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views (from top to bottom). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in The earliest record of fossil solid-wood-borer larvae-immature beetles in 99 million-year-old Myanmar amber
FIGURE 2. Extant larva of Buprestidae; ZMH 62921. A, Ventral view. B, Dorsal view of anterior body. C, Detail of mouthparts. D, Detail of ventral region of thorax with numerous setae. Abbreviations: a1–a9 = abdomen segments 1–9; hc = head capsule; ms = mesothorax; mt = metathorax; pt = prothorax; te = trunk end.
Figure 4 in The first record of fossilized soft parts in ossified tendons and implications for the understanding of tendon mineralization
Figure 4. SEM images and EDS spectra of fossil and recent tendon samples. A–I, fibrous matrix in the vascular canals of: A, B, Edmontosaurus regalis (UAMES 52615); C–F, Homalocephale calathocercos (MPC-D 100/1201); G, Pinacosaurus grangeri (ZPAL MgD-II/32); H, I, mineralized tendon of modern turkey (Meleagris gallopavo, GIUS-12-3741), note the presence the of fibres both in the vascular canals (white asterisks) and in the bone matrix (black asterisks). J–L, EDS spectra of: J, Edmontosaurus regalis (UAMES 52615); K, Homalocephale calathocercos; L, Meleagris gallopavo showing calcium, phosphorus and oxygen as dominant components in tendon mineral matrix in fossil and recent tendon samples. Note that carbon signal is omitted in the spectra (see Material and methods).
Figure 8 in The first record of fossilized soft parts in ossified tendons and implications for the understanding of tendon mineralization
Figure 8. Restoration of tube-shaped blood vessels with attached cells based on SEM images of the extract obtained from Edmontosaurus regalis sample and etched surfaces of a tendon; artwork by Jakub Zalewski. Not to scale.
Figure 7 in The first record of fossilized soft parts in ossified tendons and implications for the understanding of tendon mineralization
Figure 7. FTIR spectra of studied tendon samples of ornithischian dinosaurs: A, powdered samples of a fossilized tendon of Homalocephale calathocercos; B, powdered samples of the extract obtained after demineralization of H. calathocercos tendon; C, powdered samples of a fossilized tendon of Edmontosaurus regalis; D, powdered samples of the extract obtained after demineralization of E. regalis tendon; E, powdered sample of demineralized tendon of Meleagris gallopavo, note that phosphate (PO)3– and carbonate (CO)2– signals are masked by the high input of organic residues; F, amide I region of 4 3 samples extract after demineralization of H. calathocercos as well as (G) E. regalis and (H) M. gallopavo ossified tendons.
Data from "Trait-fitness associations via fecundity and competition in a two-million-year-long fossil record"
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.