Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
2,412
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
2,412 results for “independent”
Data from: Incubator-independent cell-culture perfusion platform for continuous long-term microelectrode array electrophysiology and time-lapse imaging
Most in vitro electrophysiology studies extract information and draw conclusions from representative, temporally limited snapshot experiments. This approach bears the risk of missing decisive moments that may make a difference in our understanding of physiological events. This feasibility study presents a simple benchtop cell-culture perfusion system adapted to commercial microelectrode arrays (MEAs), multichannel electrophysiology equipment and common inverted microscopy stages for simultaneous and uninterrupted extracellular electrophysiology and time-lapse imaging at ambient CO2 levels. The concept relies on a transparent, replica-casted polydimethylsiloxane perfusion cap, gravity- or syringe-pump-driven perfusion and preconditioning of pH-buffered serum-free cell-culture medium to ambient CO2 levels at physiological temperatures. The low-cost microfluidic in vitro enabling platform, which allows us to image cultures immediately after cell plating, is easy to reproduce and is adaptable to the geometries of different cell-culture containers. It permits the continuous and simultaneous multimodal long-term acquisition or manipulation of optical and electrophysiological parameter sets, thereby considerably widening the range of experimental possibilities. Two exemplary proof-of-concept long-term MEA studies on hippocampal networks illustrate system performance. Continuous extracellular recordings over a period of up to 70 days revealed details on both sudden and gradual neural activity changes in maturing cell ensembles with large intra-day fluctuations. Correlated time-lapse imaging unveiled rather static macroscopic network architectures with previously unreported local morphological oscillations on the timescale of minutes.
Data from: Experimental priming of independent and interdependent activity does not affect culturally-variable psychological processes
Cultural psychologists have shown that people from Western countries exhibit more independent self-construal and analytic (rule-based) cognition than people from East Asia, who exhibit more interdependent self-construal and holistic (relationship-based) cognition. One explanation for this cross-cultural variation is the ecocultural hypothesis, which links contemporary psychological differences to ancestral differences in subsistence and societal cohesion: Western thinking formed in response to solitary herding, which fostered independence, while East Asian thinking emerged in response to communal rice farming, which fostered interdependence. Here, we report two experiments that tested the ecocultural hypothesis in the laboratory. In both, participants played one of two tasks designed to recreate the key factors of working alone and working together. Before and after each task, participants completed psychological measures of independent–interdependent self-construal and analytic–holistic cognition. We found no convincing evidence that either solitary or collective tasks affected any of the measures in the predicted directions. This fails to support the ecocultural hypothesis. However, it may also be that our priming tasks are inappropriate or inadequate for simulating subsistence-related behavioural practices, or that these measures are fixed early in development and therefore not experimentally primable, despite many previous studies that have purported to find such priming effects.
Data from: Independent effects of host and environment on the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi
1. Dead wood is a habitat for numerous fungal species, many of which are important agents of decomposition. Previous studies suggested that wood-inhabiting fungal communities are affected by climate, availability of dead wood in the surrounding landscape and characteristics of the colonized dead-wood object (e.g. host tree species). These findings indicate that different filters structure fungal communities at different scales, but how these factors individually drive fungal fruiting diversity on dead-wood objects is unknown. 2. We conducted an orthogonal experiment comprising 180 plots (0.1 ha) in a random block design and measured fungal fruit body richness and community composition on 720 dead-wood objects over the first four years of succession. The experiment allowed us to disentangle the effects of the host (beech and fir; logs and branches) and the environment (microclimate: sunny and shady plots; local dead wood: amount and heterogeneity of dead wood added to plot). 3. Variance partitioning revealed that the host was more important than the environment for the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi. A more detailed model revealed that host tree species had the highest independent effect on richness and community composition of fruiting species of fungi. Host size had significant but low independent effects on richness and community composition of fruiting species. Canopy openness significantly affected the community composition of fruiting species. By contrast, neither local amount nor heterogeneity of dead wood significantly affected the fungal diversity measures. 4. Synthesis: Our study identified host tree species as a more important driver of the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi than the environment, which suggests a host-centred filter of this diversity in the early phase of the decomposition process. For the conservation of wood-inhabiting fungi, a high variety of host species in various microclimates is more important than the availability of dead wood at the stand level.
Data from: Mass-independent maximal metabolic rate predicts geographic range size of placental mammals
1.Understanding the mechanisms driving geographic range sizes of species is a central issue in ecology, but remarkably few rules link physiology with the distributions of species. Maximal metabolic rate (MMR) during exercise is an important measure of physiological performance. It sets an upper limit to sustained activity and locomotor capacity, so MMR may influence ability to migrate, disperse, and maintain population connectivity. Using both conventional ordinary least squares (OLS) analyses and phylogenetically generalized least squares (PGLS), we tested whether MMR helps explain geographic range size in 51 species of placental mammals. 2.Log body mass alone (OLS r2 = 0.074, p = 0.053; PGLS r2 = 0.016, p = 0.373) and log MMR alone (OLS r2 = 0.140, p = 0.007; PGLS r2 = 0.061, p = 0.081) were weak predictors of log range size. 3.However, multiple regression of log body mass and log MMR accounted for over half of the variation in log range size (OLS R2 = 0.527, p < 0.001). The relationship was also strong after correcting for the phylogenetic non-independence (PGLS R2 = 0.417, p < 0.001). 4.In analyses restricted to rodents (34 species), neither log body mass alone (OLS r2 = 0.004, p = 0.720; PGLS r2 = 0.003, p = 0.77) nor log MMR alone was useful in predicting log geographic range size (OLS r2 = 0.008, p = 0.626; PGLS r2 = 0.046, p = 0.225), but multiple regressions of log body mass and log MMR accounted for roughly a third to a half of the variation in log range size (OLS R2= 0.443, p < 0.001, PGLS r2 = 0.381, p < 0.001). 5.Mass-independent MMR is a strong predictor of mass-independent geographic range size in placental mammals. The ability of body mass and MMR to explain nearly 50% of the variation in the geographic ranges of mammals is surprising and powerful, particularly when neither variable alone is strongly predictive. 6.A better understanding of MMR during exercise may be important to understanding the limits of geographic ranges of mammals, and perhaps other animal groups.
Figure 5 in Noble savages: human-independent Rattus rats in Japan
Figure 5. Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) in Kushiro Marsh, Japan's largest remaining wetland.
Figure 3 in Noble savages: human-independent Rattus rats in Japan
Figure 3. Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi) in subtropical evergreen forest near Bonotsu, Kyushu.
FIGURE 2 in Using the size independent discriminant analysis to distinguish the species of Myliobatis Cuvier (Batoidea: Myliobatidae) from Brazil
FIGURE 2: Histogram of discriminant scores of M. freminvillii and M. goodei.
Data from: Do rats learn conditional independence?
If acquired associations are to accurately represent real relevance relations, there is motivation for the hypothesis that learning will, in some circumstances, be more appropriately modelled, not as direct dependence, but as conditional independence. In a serial compound conditioning experiment, two groups of rats were presented with a conditioned stimulus (CS1) that imperfectly (50%) predicted food, and was itself imperfectly predicted by a CS2. Groups differed in the proportion of CS2 presentations that were ultimately followed by food (25% versus 75%). Thus, the information presented regarding the relevance of CS2 to food was ambiguous between direct dependence and conditional independence (given CS1). If rats learnt that food was conditionally independent of CS2, given CS1, subjects of both groups should thereafter respond similarly to CS2 alone. Contrary to the conditionality hypothesis, subjects attended to the direct food predictability of CS2, suggesting that rats treat even distal stimuli in a CS sequence as immediately relevant to food, not conditional on an intermediate stimulus. These results urge caution in representing indirect associations as conditional associations, accentuate the theoretical weight of the Markov condition in graphical models, and challenge theories to articulate the conditions under which animals are expected to learn conditional associations, if ever.
Data from: Whole-body photoreceptor networks are independent of 'lenses' in brittle stars
Photoreception and vision are fundamental aspects of animal sensory biology and ecology, but important gaps remain in our understanding of these processes in many species. The colour-changing brittle star Ophiocoma wendtii is iconic in vision research, speculatively possessing a unique whole-body visual system that incorporates information from nerve bundles underlying thousands of crystalline 'microlenses'. The hypothesis that these form a sophisticated compound eye-like system regulated by chromatophore movement has been extensively reiterated, with consequent investigations into biomimetic optics and similar 'visual' structures in living and fossil taxa. However, no photoreceptors or visual behaviours have ever been identified. We present the first evidence of photoreceptor networks in three Ophiocoma species, both with and without microlenses and colour-changing behaviour. High-resolution microscopy, immunohistochemistry and synchrotron tomography demonstrate that putative photoreceptors cover the animals' oral, lateral, and aboral surfaces, but are absent at the hypothesised focal points of the microlenses. The structural optics of these crystal 'lenses' are an exaptation and do not fulfil any apparent visual role. This contradicts previous studies, yet the photoreceptor network in Ophiocoma appears even more widespread than previously anticipated, both taxonomically and anatomically.
Data from: Integrative taxonomy of root-knot nematodes reveals multiple independent origins of mitotic parthenogenesis
During sampling of several Coffea arabica plantations in Tanzania severe root galling, caused by a root-knot nematode was observed. From pure cultures, morphology and morphometrics of juveniles and females matched perfectly with Meloidogyne africana, whereas morphology of the males matched identically with those of Meloidogyne decalineata. Based on their Cox1 sequence, however, the recovered juveniles, females and males were confirmed to belong to the same species, creating a taxonomic conundrum. Adding further to this puzzle, re-examination of M. oteifae type material showed insufficient morphological evidence to maintain its status as a separate species. Consequently, M. decalineata and M. oteifae are synonymized with M. africana, which is herewith redescribed based on results of light and scanning electron microscopy, ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences, isozyme electrophoresis, along with bionomic and cytogenetic features. Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis placed M. africana outside of the three major clades, together with M. coffeicola, M. ichinohei and M. camelliae. This phylogenetic position was confirmed by several morphological features, including cellular structure of the spermatheca, egg mass position, perineal pattern and head shape. Moreover, M. africana was found to be a polyphagous species, demonstrating that "early-branching" Meloidogyne spp. are not as oligophagous as had previously been assumed. Cytogenetic information indicates M. africana (2n = 21) and M. ardenensis (2n = 51–54) to be a triploid mitotic parthenogenetic species, revealing at least four independent origins of mitotic parthenogenesis within the genus Meloidogyne. Furthermore, M. mali (n = 12) was found to reproduce by amphimixis, indicating that amphimictic species with a limited number of chromosomes are widespread in the genus, potentially reflecting the ancestral state of the genus. The wide variation in chromosome numbers and associated changes in reproduction modes indicate that cytogenetic evolution played a crucial role in the speciation of root-knot nematodes and plant-parasitic nematodes in general.
Data from: Macronutrient intake and simulated infection threat independently affect life history traits of male decorated crickets
<p>Nutritional geometry has advanced our understanding of how macronutrients (e.g., proteins and carbohydrates) influence the expression of life history traits and their corresponding trade-offs. For example, recent work has revealed that reproduction and immune function in male decorated crickets are optimized at very different protein:carbohydrate (P:C) dietary ratios. However, it is unclear how an individual's macronutrient intake interacts with its perceived infection status to determine investment in reproduction or other key life history traits. Here, we employed a fully factorial design in which calling effort and immune function were quantified for male crickets fed either diets previously demonstrated to maximize calling effort (P:C = 1:8) or immune function (P:C = 5:1), and then administered a treatment from a spectrum of increasing infection cue intensity using heat-killed bacteria. Both diet and a simulated infection threat independently influenced the survival, immunity, and reproductive effort of males. If they called, males increased calling effort at the low infection cue dose, consistent with the terminal investment hypothesis, but interpretation of responses at the higher threat levels was hampered by the differential mortality of males across infection cue and diet treatments. A high protein, low carbohydrate diet severely reduced the health, survival, and overall fitness of male crickets. There was, however, no evidence of an interaction between diet and infection cue dose on calling effort, suggesting that the threshold for terminal investment was not contingent on diet as investigated here. </p>
Figure 2 from: Vyshedskiy A, Dunn R (2015) Mental synthesis involves the synchronization of independent neuronal ensembles. Research Ideas and Outcomes 1: e7642. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.1.e7642
Figure 2 - On a neurological level, mentally forming the image of Bill Clinton and the lion consists of the following steps: Step 1 - Recall of Bill Clinton: The prefrontal cortex (PFC) activates the ensemble of neurons representing Bill Clinton to fire synchronous actions potentials. Bill Clinton is perceived by the patient. The electrode implanted into the temporal lobe (TL) records an increased rate of action potentials. Step 2 - Recall of the lion: The PFC activates the ensemble of neurons representing the lion to fire synchronous actions potentials. The lion is perceived. The second electrode implanted into the TL records an increased rate of action potentials. Step 3 - The patient mentally integrates the images of Bill Clinton and the lion into one scene. The Mental Synthesis Theory hypothesizes that integration is accomplished by the PFC synchronizing the two neuronal ensembles in time. Step 4 - When synchronization of the Clinton and the lion neuronal ensembles is achieved, a new, never-before-seen mental image of Bill Clinton holding the lion on his lap is perceived by the patient. At that moment the two implanted electrodes are predicted to record synchronous action potentials, implying the synchronization of the Clinton and lion neuronal ensembles.
Figure 1 from: Vyshedskiy A, Dunn R (2015) Mental synthesis involves the synchronization of independent neuronal ensembles. Research Ideas and Outcomes 1: e7642. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.1.e7642
Figure 1 - Mental synthesis of Bill Clinton holding a lion. Once selective neurons for Bill Clinton and the lion are identified, a subject can be asked to imagine Bill Clinton holding the lion on his lap. The Mental Synthesis theory predicts that both the Clinton neuron and the lion neuron will increase their firing rate and that their activity will be synchronized. Images modified from: 1. William J. Clinton at the Parliament in London, United Kingdom, November 29, 1995. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_1995_im_Parlament_in_London.jpg 2. Lioness in the Olomouc Zoo at Svatý kopeček, Czech Republic. This image is licensed under the CC BY-SA license. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lioness,_Olomouc.jpg
FIGURE 4 in Reinstatement of the independent specific status of Chrysanthemum neo-oreastrum (Asteraceae, Anthemideae)
FIGURE 4. Distribution of Chrysanthemum neo-oreastrum (●).
FIGURE 1 in Raising Thalictrum uncatum var. angustialatum (Ranunculaceae) from China to T. angustialatum as an independent species based on evidence from morphology, geographical distribution, cytology and molecular systematics
FIGURE 1. Holotype (A) and isotype (B, C) sheets of Thalictrum angustialatum.
Enhancing single-cell proteomics through tailored Data-Independent Acquisition and micropillar array-based chromatography
<p>This repository contains all the tables exported from Spectronaut.</p>
Data set for Finding Equivalence of Layout Independent Water Distribution Network for Expansion/Reorganization Using Nonlinear Multi-Port Thevenin Theorem
<p>This is the dataset for our manuscript titled "Finding Equivalence of Layout Independent Water Distribution Network for Expansion/Reorganization Using Nonlinear Multi-Port Thevenin Theorem".</p>
Code and experimental data for the ECAI 2023 paper "PARIS: Planning Algorithms for Reconfiguring Independent Sets"
<p>The archive chirsten-et-al-ecai2023-solvers contains the code necessary to generate the singularity images used in the experimental evaluation, except for CPLEX which is needed for some PARIS images. The solvers can be built using the build.sh script in the solver's sub-directory.</p> <p>The archive christen-et-al-ecai2023-data contains all the scripts necessary to run the experiments<br> presented in the paper, as well as all the raw and processed data.</p> <p>The archive christen-et-al-ecai2023-benchmarks contains all the benchmarks from the competition as well as our compiled PDDL and SAS+ versions, and the scripts used for the compilation.</p> <p>For a detailed explanation, see the README file within the archives. For licensing information about the solvers, consult the LICENSE file within the solvers archive.</p>
"Opinion of Doctors,Nurses and Key Informants About Independent Nurse Midwifery Practitioner in Northern India
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03239548. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
Is TIme From adMission to surgEry an Independent Prognostic Factor for Survival of Patients With Gastro-intestinal Perforation Associated With Septic Shock: (TIME) An Italian Intersocietary Retrospect
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04811755. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 4.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.