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Figure 1 Cladoxerus cryphaleus. A in Bionomic notes on parthenogenetic females and a record of parasitism by Forcipomyia Meigen (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the stick insect Cladoxerus cryphaleus (Westwood) (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae)

Figure 1 Cladoxerus cryphaleus. A. Adult female in a branch of Calliandra sp., inside a box, illustrating how the specimens were kept in captivity.B–C. Male in pre-imaginal instar parasitized by a specimen of Forcipomyia (Microhelea) sp. (Ceratopogonidae), whole body (B) and detail of the parasite attached to the head (C).

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Figure 1 in Various evolutionary avenues of Nematoda to parasitism in Gastropoda

Figure 1. Incomplete phylogenetic diagram showing the position of nematode taxa obligately associated with gastropods in relation to closely related free-living taxa to illustrate, how many times gastropod parasitism was acquired (thick arrow). Thin arrows indicate transitions to new modes of life: 1) larval-parasitic in marine invertebrates, 2) parasitoidic in arthropods, 3) parasitic or parasitoidic, 4) larval-parasitic and necromenic, 5) necromenic, 6) parasitic in intestine, 7) parasitic in salivary glands, 8) parasitic in tetrapods, 9) acquisition of intermediate host, 10) parasitic in amphibians.

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Figure 5 in On the life cycle and parasitism of the trombiculid mite Hirsutiella hexasternalis (Kudryashova, 1998) (Acariformes, Trombiculidae)

Figure 5. Spermatophores of H. hexasternalis in the culture vial. (A) two spermatophores on the walls of the small holes in the substrate; (B) single spermatophore on the wall of the groove in the substrate. Not scaled.

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Figs 10–19 in Two New Species of Unilobus Théodoridès, Desportes and Jolivet, 1984 (Apicomplexa: Conoidasida) Parasitizing Tenebrionid Beetles along with the Remarks on the Genus and Its Family Status

Figs 10–19. Camera lucida drawings of different stages of life cycle of Unilobus scleroni n. sp. 10 – early development of parasite in the epithelial tissue, showing that the development is intracellular; 11 – early gamont attached to the epithelial cells; 12 – gamont in section; 13–15 – gamonts of different ages, showing the position of the nucleus; 16 – gamont in caudo-frontal association; 17 – dehiscence of gametocyst; 18 – gametocyst with fully formed nine sporoducts; 19 – oocysts (= spores) in chain.

Fig. 5 in Argulus coregoni (Crustacea: Branchiura: Argulidae) Parasitic on a Dark Chub Nipponocypris temminckii (Cypriniformes: Xenocyprididae) in a Stream, Central Japan, with a List of Its Known Hosts in East Asia

Fig. 5. Argulus coregoni, adult male, NSMT-Cr 31596. A, Habitus, fresh specimen, dorsal view; B, C, habitus, ethanol-preserved specimen, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. The specimen was fixed in 70% ethanol on 21 September 2021 and photographed on 20 July 2022. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 4 in Argulus coregoni (Crustacea: Branchiura: Argulidae) Parasitic on a Dark Chub Nipponocypris temminckii (Cypriniformes: Xenocyprididae) in a Stream, Central Japan, with a List of Its Known Hosts in East Asia

Fig. 4. Argulus coregoni, adult male, NSMT-Cr 31596. A, First leg, ventral view; B, distal part of endopod of first leg, ventral view; C, second leg, ventral view; D, coxa of second leg, ventral view; E, third leg, ventral view; F, coxa, base, and part of exopod of third leg, dorsal view; G, fourth leg, ventral view, H, base (with peg) and part of endopod of fourth leg, anteroventral view. Scale bars: A, C, E, G, 0.3 mm; B, D, F, H, 0.1 mm.

Fig. 2 in Argulus coregoni (Crustacea: Branchiura: Argulidae) Parasitic on a Dark Chub Nipponocypris temminckii (Cypriniformes: Xenocyprididae) in a Stream, Central Japan, with a List of Its Known Hosts in East Asia

Fig. 2. Argulus coregoni, adult male, NSMT-Cr 31596. A, Habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Fig. 1. Argulus coregoni and its collection site. A in Argulus coregoni (Crustacea: Branchiura: Argulidae) Parasitic on a Dark Chub Nipponocypris temminckii (Cypriniformes: Xenocyprididae) in a Stream, Central Japan, with a List of Its Known Hosts in East Asia

Fig. 1. Argulus coregoni and its collection site. A, Middle reaches of the Takase River where dark chub were collected; B, a dark chub (ca. 70 mm total length) infected with an adult male of A. coregoni (arrowhead) on the dorsal body surface at the boundary between the head and trunk. Scale bar: 5 mm.

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Figure 2 in First report of some parasites from Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819, collected from the Black Sea coast at Sinop

Figure 2. Parasites of M. galloprovincialis: A. Nematopsis legeri, B. Peniculistoma mytili, C. Urastoma cyprinae, D. Parvatrema duboisi, E. Polydora ciliata, F. burrow (Λ) on the inner side of mussel shell.

Fig. 3 in Haemocystidium spp., a species complex infecting ancient aquatic turtles of the family Podocnemididae: First report of these parasites in Podocnemis vogli from the Orinoquia

Fig. 3. (A) A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of reptile haemosporidian parasites based on 62 partial sequences of cytb gene sequences corresponding to a bigger fragment of cytb (707 bp excluding gaps). Leucocytozoon genus was used as outgroup. In parenthesis are GenBank sequence accession number, isolate name, and turtle species name respectively. Branch color indicates the parasites genus: Blue, Plasmodium sp.; light green, Haemocystidium spp. infecting lizards and snakes; dark green, Haemocystidium sp. Infecting turtles; black, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon spp. (B–C) Estimates of evolutionary divergence between/within Haemocystidium spp. Genetic distances were estimated using the bigger fragment of cytb (707 bp excluding gaps). The number of base substitutions per site between sequences are shown in black and the standard error estimate(s) are shown above the diagonal in blue. Evolutionary divergence between/within Haemocystidium pacayae and Haemocystidium sp. (GERPH: PC005) are shown in bold and red respectively. Sequences previously identified as Hae. pacayae (KF049495 and KF049507) are likely Hae. (Simondia) sp. (group 2). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 4 in Haemocystidium spp., a species complex infecting ancient aquatic turtles of the family Podocnemididae: First report of these parasites in Podocnemis vogli from the Orinoquia

Fig. 4. Haemocystidium (Simondia) sp. (GERPH: PC005) identified in Podocnemis vogli (A–H). (A–F) Young gametocytes, (E) coinfection with a gamont of Haemogregarina, (G) microgametocyte, and (H) macrogametocyte. Haemocystidium (S.) pacayae (GERPH: PC004-PC006) identified in P. vogli (I–J). (I) Young gametocyte, (K) microgametocyte, and (L) macrogametocyte. Bold black arrow: hemozoin granules; white arrow: parasitophorous vacuole; fine black arrow: vacuole. Giemsa stain, Scale bar: 10 μm.

Fig. 2 in Haemocystidium spp., a species complex infecting ancient aquatic turtles of the family Podocnemididae: First report of these parasites in Podocnemis vogli from the Orinoquia

Fig. 2. Species and sampling locations for turtles analyzed in the study. Turtle species present in these localities are shown.

Fig. 1 in Haemocystidium spp., a species complex infecting ancient aquatic turtles of the family Podocnemididae: First report of these parasites in Podocnemis vogli from the Orinoquia

Fig. 1. Timeline of the taxonomic classification of the genus Haemocystidium. Relevant events in the description of this genus.

Fig. 5. Parsimony splits network constructed from a per and ITS2 concatenated sequence data set. Heterozygous specimens are indicated with A and B in Ecological and geographical speciation in Lucilia bufonivora: The evolution of amphibian obligate parasitism

Fig. 5. Parsimony splits network constructed from a per and ITS2 concatenated sequence data set. Heterozygous specimens are indicated with A and B. 'bufonivora_EUROPE_A' represents a consistent haplotype present in all 12 samples from Europe (Table 1), of which just two were heterozygous ('bufonivora_frog' and 'bufonivora_NLWi'). 'bufonivora_CAN' and 'elongata_CAN' are represented by two samples each, none of which were heterozygous. Scale bar represents expected changes per site.

Fig. 2. Bayesian Inference tree constructed from Internal transcribed Spacer 2 in Ecological and geographical speciation in Lucilia bufonivora: The evolution of amphibian obligate parasitism

Fig. 2. Bayesian Inference tree constructed from Internal transcribed Spacer 2 (non-coding) sequence data. Each specimen is labelled with the species name and location abbreviation as indicated in Table 1. Green text corresponds to European samples of Lucilia bufonivora; red represents Lucilia elongata; purple represents Canadian L. bufonivora; orange represents Lucilia silvarum. Scale bar represents expected changes per site. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 6. Divergence times estimated from a in Ecological and geographical speciation in Lucilia bufonivora: The evolution of amphibian obligate parasitism

Fig. 6. Divergence times estimated from a concatenated data set of per, COX1 and ITS2 sequences for the Lucilia bufornivora species group. Substitution model and relaxed clock models were unlinked for each gene. The tree was calibrated by setting the root to the node age corresponding to the split between Luciilinae and Calliphorinae subfamilies (~19 mya) as estimated by Wallman et al. (2005). Blue bars represent 95% highest posterior density (HPD) of each node age. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 6 in Differences in infection patterns of vector-borne blood-stage parasites of sympatric Malagasy primate species (Microcebus murinus, M. ravelobensis)

Fig. 6. Phylogenetic tree of 33 filarial nematode species constructed on the basis of partial COI sequences using the Maximum Likelihood method. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated species clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates) is shown next to the branches. Branch lengths is measured in the number of substitutions per site. Thelazia callipaeda was included as an outgroup. The sequence of the present study is framed in red.

Fig. 5 in Differences in infection patterns of vector-borne blood-stage parasites of sympatric Malagasy primate species (Microcebus murinus, M. ravelobensis)

Fig. 5. Phylogenetic tree of Onchocercidae species constructed on the basis of partial ITS1 sequences using the Maximum Likelihood method. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated species clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates) is shown next to the branches. Branch lengths is measured in the number of substitutions per site. The sequences of the present study are framed in red. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 3 in Differences in infection patterns of vector-borne blood-stage parasites of sympatric Malagasy primate species (Microcebus murinus, M. ravelobensis)

Fig. 3. Number of samples (blood smears) per month. Microfilaria positive samples are shown in dark blue for M. murinus and dark brown for M. ravelobensis, microfilaria negative samples in light blue for M. murinus and light brown for M. ravelobensis. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 7 in Altered parasite community structure in an endangered marsupial following translocation

Fig. 7. Mean trypanosome prevalence over time (with 95% CI) in translocated and resident woylies within Dryandra. TRAN: time of translocation.