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10,929 results for “Communities”
Fig. 1 in Spatial Patterns Of Bird Communities Of The Lower Dnieper Sands During The Breeding Season: Differentiation Factors
Fig. 1. The scheme of the study area. Аrenas of Low-Dnieper Sands: A — Kakhovska; B — Kozachelaherska; C — Oleshkivska; D — Chalbaska; E — Zburivska; F — Ivanivska; G — Kinburn Peninsula. N o t e. The first and the last sample of each census route are marked by numbers; the numbering of samples is the same as in table 1.
Fig. 4 in Spatial Patterns Of Bird Communities Of The Lower Dnieper Sands During The Breeding Season: Differentiation Factors
Fig. 4. The area ratio of different types of habitats on standard test plots in the groups of samples.
Fig. 1 in Avian Communities Of A Mixed Mopane-Acacia Savanna In The Cuvelai Drainage System, North-Central Namibia, During The Dry And Wet Season
Fig. 1. Seasonal changes in percentage contribution of main feeding guilds in avian assemblage in mixed Mopane-Acacia savanna (F — frugivores, G — granivores, I — insectivores, O — other guilds).
Fig. 1 in Species Composition And Structure Of The Communities Of Plant-Parasitic And Free-Living Soil Nematodes In The Greenhouses Of Botanical Gardens Of Ukraine
Fig. 1. Dendrogram of similarity of the nematode communities in the greenhouses of botanical gardens of Ukraine (amalgamation by the method of complete linkage). Explanation of the abbreviations is given in table 2. Рис. 1. Дендрограмма сходства нематодных сообществ в оранжереях ботанических садов Украины (объединение по методу полной связи). Расшифровка сокращений дана в таблице 2.
Fig. 1 in Seasonal Changes In Species Diversity And Dominance Structure In Communities Of Oribatid Mites (Sarcoptiformes, Oribatei) In Megalopolis Green Areas
Fig. 1. Cluster analysis of oribatid species diversity in studied plots at April–September 2011 (plot indexes are given in Material and methods).
Fig. 2 in Seasonal Changes In Species Diversity And Dominance Structure In Communities Of Oribatid Mites (Sarcoptiformes, Oribatei) In Megalopolis Green Areas
Fig. 2. Seasonal fluctuations of numbers of registered species, mean aerial daytime temperature and relative humidity (iv — April, v — May, vi — June, vii — July, viii — August, ix — September).
Fig. 2 in Species Composition And Structure Of The Communities Of Plant-Parasitic And Free-Living Soil Nematodes In The Greenhouses Of Botanical Gardens Of Ukraine
Fig. 2. Dendrogram of similarity of plant-parasitic nematodes' communities in the greenhouses of botanical gardens of Ukraine (amalgamation by the method of complete linkage). Explanation of the abbreviations is given in table 2.
Dataset for "Alien plants tend to occur in species-poor communities"
<p>This dataset contains the list of plant species, their abundances, vegetation types, and the area of the vegetation plots analyzed in the paper titled “<strong>Alien plants tend to occur in species-poor communities</strong>” by Padullés Cubino et al. (2022; Neobiota). </p> <p>These data were obtained from the Czech National Phytosociological Database (Chytrý and Rafajová, 2003) (<a href="https://botzool.cz/vegsci/phytosociologicalDb">https://botzool.cz/vegsci/phytosociologicalDb</a>).</p> <p>The dataset contains 2 tables:</p> <ol> <li>“Metadata.xlsx”: It includes a description of the fields found in "plot_species.csv".</li> <li>“plot_species.csv”: It includes the list of angiosperm plant taxa, their abundance cover, associated vegetation type, and the area of each vegetation plot.</li> </ol> <p>References: </p> <p>Chytrý M, Rafajová M (2003) Czech National Phytosociological Database: basic statistics of the available vegetation-plot data. Preslia 75: 1–15.</p>
Paleolimnological assessment of a hyper-eutrophic lake (Nowlans Lake, N.S., Canada) Cladoceran communities
<p>Mink fur farming was once a widespread agricultural activity in southwestern Nova Scotia. Some freshwaters near mink fur farm operations now show severe water quality issues. Notably, the watershed of Nowlans Lake (southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada) once contained six mink farms as well as a fish meal feed processing plant. It is now one of the most productive lakes in Atlantic Canada, with exceedingly high measured Total Phosphorus concentrations.</p> <p>Here, we provide data from a paleolimnological investigation on the long-term environmental changes that occurred in Nowlans Lake, and how these changes have impacted cladoceran communities. First, we identify abundances of cladoceran taxa throughout the sediment core, corresponding to assemblages from the ~1900s to present day (determined by 210Pb dating analyses – see Table 1 of cited manuscript), and provide raw counts. We detected shifts in the dominant pelagic cladoceran taxa beginning in the early 1900s, with decreases in small-bodied bosminids, while taxa such as <em>Chydorus brevilabris</em> and <em>Daphnia pulex</em> spp. increased. We identified assemblage "zones" using a constrained hierarchal clustering analysis, denoting three distinct assemblage groups (Script 03). We then provide empirical measures of the body sizes of bosminids in each sediment interval, as body sizes of cladocerans are good proxies of shifts in predation. We identified bottom-up ecological factors as the likely drivers of these assemblage shifts, as body sizes were found to be consistent through time with a Mann Kendall Monotonic Trend Analysis (Script 02). Finally, we reconstructed and provide data on trends in sedimentary chl-a concentrations using visible reflectance spectroscopy (VRS). After conducting a PCA on cladoceran assemblages and extracting PC1 scores, we observed a strong relationship by VRS chl-a and PC1 scores, suggesting similar timing between increases in lake productivity and major cladoceran changes (Script 01).</p>
Community access to rectal artesunate for malaria (CARAMAL): a large-scale observational implementation study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nigeria and Uganda
<p>Datasets underlying the publication "Community access to rectal artesunate for malaria (CARAMAL): a large-scale observational implementation study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nigeria and Uganda":</p> <p><strong>Figure 6: </strong>Number of children enrolled in the Patient Surveillance System (grey bars), and percentage of these children being administered rectal artesunate (RAS), by country.</p> <p><strong>Figure 8:</strong> Overall case fatality ratio (CFR) in patients with danger signs and a positive malaria test at enrolment across the entire study period, by enrolment location and country. Data for Uganda excludes enrolments at PHCs (N=34).</p>
Individual dietary specialization in a generalist bee varies across populations but has no effect on the richness of associated microbial communities
<p><span></span></p> <p>Despite the increasingly documented occurrence of individual specialization, the relationship between individual consumer interactions and diet-related microbial communities in wild populations is still unclear. Using data from nests of the bee <em>Ceratina australensis</em> from three different wild populations, we combine metabarcoding and network approaches to explore the existence of individual variation in resource use within and across populations, and whether dietary specialization affects the richness of pollen-associated microbes. We reveal the existence of marked dietary specialization. In the most specialized population, we also show that individuals' diet breadth was positively related to the richness of fungi, but not bacteria. Overall, individual specialization appeared to have a weak or negligible effect on the microbial richness of nests, suggesting that different mechanisms beyond environmental transmission may be at play regarding microbial acquisition in wild bees.</p>
Light and photoacclimatization drive distinct differences between shallow and mesophotic coral communities
<p>This data repository contains the raw data (.csv files) and R code (.Rmd and .htlm) used in the analysis for "Light and photoacclimatization drive distinct differences between shallow and mesophotic coral communities". </p>
Data from: Looking for compensation at multiple scales in a wetland bird community
<p>Compensatory dynamics, during which community composition shifts despite a near-constant total community size, are usually rare: synchronous dynamics prevail in natural communities. This is a puzzle for ecologists, because of the key role of compensation in explaining the relation between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, most studies so far have considered compensation in either plants or planktonic organisms, so that evidence for the generality of such synchrony is limited. Here, we extend analyses of community-level synchrony to wetland birds. We analyse a 35-year monthly survey of a community where we suspected that compensation might occur due to potential competition and changes in water levels, favouring birds with different habitat preferences. We perform both year-to-year analyses by season, using a compensation/synchrony index, as well as multiscale analyses using a wavelet-based measure, which allows for both scale- and time-dependence. We analyse synchrony both within and between guilds, with guilds defined either as tightknit phylogenetic groups or larger functional groups. We find that abundance and biomass compensation are rare, likely due to the synchronizing influence of climate (and other drivers) on birds, even after considering several temporal scales of covariation (during either cold or warm seasons, above or below the annual scale). Negative covariation in abundance at the guild or community level did only appear at the scale of a few months or several years. We also found that synchrony varies with taxonomic and functional scale: the rare cases where compensation appeared consistently in year-to-year analyses were between rather than within functional groups. Our results suggest that abundance compensation may have more potential to emerge between broad functional groups rather than between species, as well as at relatively long temporal scales (multiple years for vertebrates), above that of the dominant synchronizing driver.</p>
Mobilitätsberichterstattung Erhebungsdaten der qualitative Methoden Community Mapping und Teilnehmende Beobachtungen
<p>Als Forschungsdaten der qualitativen Methoden in der Mobilitätsberichterstattung werden die Interviewmitschnitte der Proband*innen aus den neun Community Mappings und 18 Teilnehmende Beobachtungen zur Verfügung gestellt. Aus Datenschutzgründen wurden die Interviews anonymisiert. Die Dateinamen zeigen die Personenmerkmale, aufgrunddessen die Proband*innen für die Erhebungen ausgewählt wurden. Dies umfasste eine gemischte Gruppen aus den drei Stadtraumtypen in Pankow: Innenstadt, Innenstadtrand und suburbanes Gebiet. Darüber hinaus wurden in allen drei Gebieten Schulkinder beteiligt: Primarstufe in der Innenstadt (PS), Sekundarstufe I im Innenstadtrand (ISS) und Sekundarstufe II (OSZ) im suburbanen Gebiet. Zusätzlich wurden Personengruppen mit Mobilitätseinschränkungen und besonderen Mobilitätsbedarfen beteiligt: Menschen mit Gehbehinderungen in der Innenstadt, Senior*innen im Innenstadtrand und zur Arbeit Pendelnde im suburbanen Gebiet. Über die Dateiendung "TB" wird angezeigt, dass das Interview nach einer Teilnehmenden Beobachtung mit den Proband*innen auf ihren Alltagswegen durchgeführt wurde. Diese wurden meistens auf Hinwegen am Morgen und Rückwegen am Nachmittag durchgeführt, wodurch meistens zwei Audiodateien pro Person entstanden sind, die in der Dateibezeichnung nummeriert wurden. Alle anderen Interviews wurden mithilfe des Community Mappings durchgeführt.</p> <p>Genauere Informationen zur Methodik können dem Leitfaden Mobilitätsberichterstattung und auf der Webseite <a href="http://mobilbericht.de">mobilbericht.de</a> entnommen werden. Die Ergebnisse wurden in der Erstellung des 1. Pankower Mobilitätsberichts aufgearbeitet.</p>
Influence of conspiracy theories and distrust of community health volunteers on adherence to COVID-19 guidelines and vaccine uptake in Kenya
<p>This cross-sectional study collected data between 25 May –27 June 2021 n=447. It involved all registered community health volunteers (CHVs) who had participated in the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy study. This data was collected as part of an Epidemic Ethics/WHO initiative that FCDO/Wellcome Grant 214711/Z/18/Z has supported. WHO’s specific grant number was 2020/1077878-0). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or manuscript preparation. No authors received a salary from the funders.</p>
Community diversity determines the evolution of synthetic bacterial communities under artificial selection
<p>These data and script are related to the article entitled "Community diversity determines the evolution of synthetic bacterial communities under artificial selection". This study reports the results of an experiment that involved bacterial communities differing for their richness level (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 species) and subjected to artificial selection or not. The property under selection was the optical density (OD). All the data needed to reproduce the figures and tables presented in the manuscript are provided.</p>
Geographical variation in the trait-based assembly patterns of multitrophic invertebrate communities
<p><span>It has been argu</span><span>ed that the mechanisms structuring ecological communities may be more generalizable when based on traits than on species identities. If so, patterns in the assembly of community-level traits along environmental gradients should be similar in different places in the world. Alternatively, geographic change in the species pool and regional variation in climate might result in site-specific relationships between community traits and local environments. These competing hypotheses are particularly untested for animal communities. </span><span>Here we test the geographic constancy of trait-based assembly patterns using a widespread multi-trophic community: aquatic macroinvertebrates within bromeliads. We used data on 615 invertebrate taxa from 1656 bromeliads in 26 field sites from Mexico to Argentina. We summarized invertebrate traits with four orthogonal axes, and used these trait axes to examine trait convergence and divergence assembly patterns along three environmental gradients: detrital biomass and water volume in bromeliads, and canopy cover over bromeliads. </span><span>We found no overall signal of trait-based assembly patterns along any of the environmental gradients. However, individual sites did show trait convergence along detrital and water gradients, and we built predictive models to explore these site differences. </span><span>Sites that showed trait convergence along detrital gradients were all north of the Northern Andes. This geographic pattern may be related to phylogeographic differences in bromeliad morphology. Bromeliads with low detritus were dominated by detritivorous collectors and filter feeders, where those with high detritus had more sclerotized and predatory invertebrates. </span><span>Sites that showed the strongest trait convergence along gradients in bromeliad water were in regions with seasonal precipitation. In such sites, bromeliads with low water were dominated by soft-bodied, benthic invertebrates with simple life cycles. In less seasonal sites, traits associated with short-term desiccation resistance, such as hard exoskeletons, were more important.</span><span> In summary, we show that there are strong geographic effects on the trait-based assembly patterns of this invertebrate community, driven by the biogeography of their foundational plant species as well as by regional climate. We suggest that inclusion of biogeography and climate in trait-based community ecology could help make it a truly general theory. (excerpted from Srivastava, DS et al. 2022. Geographical variation in the trait-based assembly patterns of multitrophic invertebrate communities. Functional Ecology)</span></p>
Plant management but not fertilization mediates soil carbon emission and microbial community composition in subtropical Eucalyptus plantations
<p><span>The diversity of </span><span>plant functional group</span><span>s</span><span> in plantations affects soil carbon, but we have limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms for how plant management affects soil carbon dynamics. Here, we conducted a 3-year manipulation experiment of plant functional groups that included understory removal, tree root trenching, and fertilization treatments in 2-year-old and 6-year-old <em>Eucalyptus</em> plantations in the subtropical region. The results showed that soil respiration was significantly suppressed by understory removal (-38%), tree root trenching (-41%), and their interactions (-54%), but that fertilization alone and in interactions had no significant effect. The Chao1 indices for soil bacterial and fungal diversity significantly decreased with understory removal in the 2-year-old plantation and with tree root trenching in the 6-year-old plantation. Soil bacterial and fungal communities were also affected by understory removal and tree root trenching. Soil respiration, physicochemical characteristics, microbial diversity, and community composition were significantly affected by plantation age. Reductions in soil carbon emissions were associated with reductions in plant functional groups and soil microbial groups, while increases in soil respiration were associated with soil physicochemical factors, soil temperature, and plantation age. Our findings highlight that plant managements are of great significance to the soil carbon emission processes in afforested plantations.</span></p>
Dataset of Rainy years counteract negative effects of drought on taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity: resilience in annual plant communities
<p>Data used in the article: </p> <p><strong>Rainy years counteract negative effects of drought on taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity: resilience in annual plant communities</strong></p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>1- Climate models forecast changes in the amounts and distribution of rain, which may affect ecosystems worldwide, especially in drylands where water is already the limiting factor for plant life. Annual plant communities are common in drylands where they can complete their entire life cycle during the rainy period while avoiding the dry season. Moreover, seed dormancy allows them to disperse over time by remaining in the seed bank for long periods. However, the extent to which these communities will be able to tolerate increasing drought is uncertain.</p> <p>2- We performed a five-year rainfall reduction treatment under field conditions and determined its effects on annual plant communities in a Mediterranean gypsum ecosystem. We assessed the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of these communities each year for five years.</p> <p>3-The taxonomic and functional diversity decreased under the rainfall reduction treatment whereas the phylogenetic diversity increased. Moreover, the relative importance of species with drought-resistant functional designs increased in the community assemblages. However, after a rainy season with above average rainfall, all of the diversity values recovered completely even under the rainfall reduction treatment.</p> <p>4- Our results provide important insights into the responses of these plant communities under a climate change scenario, where they indicate high losses of diversity during drought events but rapid recovery in milder years.</p> <p><em>Synthesis</em> Our findings highlight the great resilience of annual plant communities in drylands, which may allow them to tolerate increased drought under the present climate change scenario.</p>
How nitrogen and phosphorus supply to nutrient-limited autotroph communities affects herbivore growth: testing stoichiometric and co-limitation theory across trophic levels
<p><span>Primary producer communities are often growth-limited by essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). The magnitude of </span><span>limitation and whether N, P, or both elements are limiting autotroph </span><span>growth depends on the supply and ratios of these essential nutrients. </span><span>Previous studies identified single, serial or co-limitation as predominant </span><span>limitation outcomes in autotroph communities by factorial nutrient </span><span>additions. Little is known about potential consequences of such scenarios </span><span>for herbivores and whether their growth is primarily affected by changes </span><span>in autotroph quantity or nutritional quality. We grew a community of </span><span>phytoplankton species differing in various food quality aspects in </span><span>experimental microcosms at varying N and P concentrations resulting in </span><span>three different N:P ratios. At carrying capacity, N, P, both nutrients or </span><span>none were added to reveal which nutrients were limiting. The nutrient supplied </span><span>communities were fed to the generalist herbivorous rotifer </span><span>Brachionus calyciflorus to investigate how changing phytoplankton </span><span>biomass and community composition affect herbivore abundance. We </span><span>found phytoplankton being growth-limited either by N alone (single </span><span>limitation) or serially, i.e. primarily by N and secondarily by P, altering </span><span>available food quantity for rotifers. Rotifer growth showed a different </span><span>response pattern compared to phytoplankton, suggesting that apart from </span><span>food quantity food quality aspects played a substantial role in the </span><span>transfer from primary to secondary production. The combined addition of </span><span>N and P to phytoplankton had generally a positive effect on herbivore </span><span>growth, whereas adding non-limiting nutrients had a rather detrimental </span><span>effect probably due to stoichiometrically imbalanced food in terms of </span><span>nutrient excess. Our experiment shows that adding various nutrients to </span><span>primary producer communities will not always lead to increased </span><span>autotroph and herbivore growth, and that differences between autotroph </span><span>and herbivore responses under co-limiting conditions can be partly well </span><span>explained by concepts of ecological stoichiometry theory.</span></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.