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FIGURE 8 in Fern distributional records in Christensenia (Marattiaceae), Dipteris (Dipteridaceae), and Rheopteris (Pteridaceae) from the upper Sepik of Papua New Guinea

FIGURE 8. Characteristic foothill habitat for Rheopteris cheesmaniae Alston, at survey site 6 (4°38.785'S, 141°47.789'E, 355 m). The fern is present on forest slopes throughout the area.

FIGURE 6 in Fern distributional records in Christensenia (Marattiaceae), Dipteris (Dipteridaceae), and Rheopteris (Pteridaceae) from the upper Sepik of Papua New Guinea

FIGURE 6. Christensenia aesculifolia (Blume) Maxon subsp. korthalsii (deVriese) Rolleri. A, aspect; B, furfuraceous stipes are characteristic of subsp. korthalsii; C, stipuliform auricles (2) inserted at the stipe-rhizome junction. A–C from Takeuchi, Ama & Gambia 25315.

FIGURE 2 in Fern distributional records in Christensenia (Marattiaceae), Dipteris (Dipteridaceae), and Rheopteris (Pteridaceae) from the upper Sepik of Papua New Guinea

FIGURE 2. Dipteris lobbiana (Hook.) T.Moore. Habitat. Colony on creekbed boulders discolored by heavy metals (4°40.741'S, 141°46.260'E, 530 m, 9 February 2010). Streams in mafic environments are toxic, requiring service water to be obtained via rainfall or helicopter delivery.

FIGURE 5 in Fern distributional records in Christensenia (Marattiaceae), Dipteris (Dipteridaceae), and Rheopteris (Pteridaceae) from the upper Sepik of Papua New Guinea

FIGURE 5. Foothill habitat at survey site 5 (4°37.247'S, 141°41.380'E, 440 m, 13 December 2009). Christensenia was first discovered in forest understories adjacent to the riverbed.

FIGURE 4 in Revision of the fern family Marattiaceae in the Seychelles with two new species and a discussion of the African Ptisana fraxinea complex.

FIGURE 4. Ptisana laboudalloniana: A. A large plant with relatively small rhizome; Congo Rouge, Seychelles (photograph by B. Senterre), B. Leaves; Pérard, Seychelles (photograph by B. Senterre), C. Closer view to the rhizome and "stipules" (photograph by I. Fabre), D. common variation in the apex of pinnae (photograph by I. Fabre), E. Winged pinna rachis (photograph by I. Fabre), F. Unripe sporangia (photograph by I. Fabre), G. Ripe sporangia (photograph by B. Senterre).

FIGURE 3. A–E in Revision of the fern family Marattiaceae in the Seychelles with two new species and a discussion of the African Ptisana fraxinea complex.

FIGURE 3. A–E: Angiopteris chongsengiana. A. View of the 'stipules' and rhizome (photograph by B. Senterre), B. Winged secondary rachis, with sessile pinnules (photograph by I. Fabre), C. Mature sporangia and venuloids (photograph by B. Senterre), D. Wart-like bases of old scales on petiole (photograph by B. Senterre), E. Typical apex of a pinna (photograph by I. Fabre); F–J: Angiopteris madagascariensis. F. Massive rhizome ca. 60–70 cm high (photograph by B. Senterre), G. secondary rachis not winged (photograph by I. Fabre), H. Old sporangia and venuloids (photograph by B. Senterre), I. 'Stipule' (photograph by I. Fabre), J. Typical aspect of the basal pinna, bipinnate on mature individuals (photograph by I. Fabre).

FIGURE 2 in Revision of the fern family Marattiaceae in the Seychelles with two new species and a discussion of the African Ptisana fraxinea complex.

FIGURE 2. Angiopteris chongsengiana: A. Aerating areas of the petiole, B. Details of the venation and shape of pinnules, C. Distal part of a pinna showing the elongated terminal pinnule and winged rachis, D. Petiole base and 'stipules', E. Pinnule apex, F. Base of a middle pinna, G. Ripe sporangia. (illustrated by Katy Beaver from living and dried specimens, B. Senterre & I. Fabre 6172)

FIGURE 1 in Revision of the fern family Marattiaceae in the Seychelles with two new species and a discussion of the African Ptisana fraxinea complex.

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic relationships within Marattiaceae resulting from the BI (50% majority-rule consensus tree) and MP analyses (strict consensus tree) based on the plastid region trnSGG. Values above and below branches indicate the support values for the BI and MP analyses (PP/BS, respectively), with thick branches for the most robustly supported (PP>0.95 and BS>80%). Dotted lines are not retrieved in MP tree. Names of the six marattioids genera are reported on the right. Bold taxa are from the Western Indian Ocean area and were sequenced for the purpose of this study.

FIGURE 3 in Thelypteris indusiata (Thelypteridaceae), a new fern species from Amazonian Brazil

FIGURE 3. Thelypteris indusiata. Scanning electron micrographs of hairs, sorus and spores. A. Hairs of the abaxial side of rachis. B. Sorus with pilose indusium. C. Spore. D. Spore. (All from Black 47-1130, IAN).

FIGURE 2. Thelypteris indusiata. A in Thelypteris indusiata (Thelypteridaceae), a new fern species from Amazonian Brazil

FIGURE 2. Thelypteris indusiata. A. Plant growing inside forest at Carajás National Park. B. Abaxial side of a medial pinna. C. Adaxial side of a distal pinna.

FIGURE 1. Thelypteris indusiata. A. Habit. B in Thelypteris indusiata (Thelypteridaceae), a new fern species from Amazonian Brazil

FIGURE 1. Thelypteris indusiata. A. Habit. B. Detail of the abaxial side of pinna from a specimen with short hairs. C. Detail of the abaxial side of pinna from a specimen with long hairs. D. Abaxial side of the rachis and pinna base from collection with long hairs. E. Abaxial side of the rachis and pinna base from collection with long hairs. F. Detail of the sorus with pilose indusia. (A–B, F from Salino et al. 15156, BHCB; C–E. from Salino et al. 15195, BHCB).

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FIGURE 1 in Nomenclatural notes on Tectaria blepharorachis (comb. nov.) and T. fibrillosa (Tectariaceae; Pteridophyta) for Malagasy fern flora

FIGURE 1. Tectaria fibrillosa (Baker) J.P.Roux.—A. Holotype.—B. Portion of rachis with pinna. (B drawn by Fang Cui).

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FIGURE 2 in Nomenclatural notes on Tectaria blepharorachis (comb. nov.) and T. fibrillosa (Tectariaceae; Pteridophyta) for Malagasy fern flora

FIGURE 2. Tectaria blepharorachis (C.Christensen) Li Bing Zhang & Yi F. Duan.—A. The isolectotype at BM.—B. Portion of rachis with pinna. (B reproduced from Christensen 1916: Pl. 1, Fig. 1).

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FIGURE 1 in Phanerosorus (Matoniaceae), a new fern genus record for the Philippines

FIGURE 1. Habitat and morphology of Phanerosorus major: A. Habitat at Cadac-an River. B. Abaxial view of fertile segments of pinna with intact indusia. C. Distal portion of fertile frond. D. Pendent habit of plants. E. Immature sori with indusia. F. Abaxial view of mature fertile pinna segments after dehiscence of fugacious indusia.

FIGURE 8 in Mycosphaerellaceous fungi and new species of Venustosynnema and Zasmidium on ferns and fern allies in Taiwan

FIGURE 8. Zasmidium dicranopteridis (from holotype, TNM). a. Conidiophores on external hyphae. b. Conidiophore apex with a percurrent extension, with intercalary and terminal conidiogenous cells and a conidium still attached. c. Conidia. Scale bars: a = 20 µm, b, c = 10 µm.

FIGURE 6. Pseudocercospora pteridophytophila. a. Host with leaf spots. b in Mycosphaerellaceous fungi and new species of Venustosynnema and Zasmidium on ferns and fern allies in Taiwan

FIGURE 6. Pseudocercospora pteridophytophila. a. Host with leaf spots. b. Single leaf spot with epiphyllous fascicles of conidiophores. c. Hypophyllous fascicle of conidiophores arising through a stoma (R. Kirschner 3756). d. Transversal leaf section showing internal hyphae and an epiphyllous fascicle of conidiophores arising from an intraepidermal stroma (R. Kirschner 3602). e. Conidiophores (R. Kirschner 3756). f. Conidia (R. Kirschner 3602). Scale bars: c, e = 10 µm, d, f = 20 µm.

FIGURE 7 in Mycosphaerellaceous fungi and new species of Venustosynnema and Zasmidium on ferns and fern allies in Taiwan

FIGURE 7. Vennustosynnema reniformisporum (from holotype, TNM). a. Host with dead stems and leaves. b. Synnema. c. Apices of conidiophores in the center of a synnema. d. Conidiogenous cell. e. Conidia. Scale bars = 30 µm.

FIGURE 5 in Mycosphaerellaceous fungi and new species of Venustosynnema and Zasmidium on ferns and fern allies in Taiwan

FIGURE 5. Pseudocercospora cyatheae (R. Kirschner 3808). a Host with leaf spots. b. Conidiophores with numerous percurrent extensions arising through a stoma. c. Conidia. Scale bars: b, c = 10 µm.

FIGURE 4 in Mycosphaerellaceous fungi and new species of Venustosynnema and Zasmidium on ferns and fern allies in Taiwan

FIGURE 4. Pseudocercospora athyrii (R. Kirschner 3943). a. Host with leaf spots. b. Epiphyllous conidiophores: stroma with young fascicle of conidiophores erumpent through epidermis (left) and part of a comparatively older fascicle (right). c, d. Hypophyllous conidiophores. c. Conidiophores arising from stoma. d. Conidiophores arising from external hyphae. e. Conidia. Scale bars: b–d = 10 µm, e = 20 µm.

FIGURE 3. Mycosphaerella gleicheniae, microscopic details. a–b. Sections through ascomata rupturing the upper epidermis. a in Mycosphaerellaceous fungi and new species of Venustosynnema and Zasmidium on ferns and fern allies in Taiwan

FIGURE 3. Mycosphaerella gleicheniae, microscopic details. a–b. Sections through ascomata rupturing the upper epidermis. a. Typical ascoma wall (R. Kirschner 3613). b. Ascoma being atypical by basal stroma-like cells probably surrounding a vascular bundle (R. Kirschner 3945). c, d. Fresh asci and ascospores (R. Kirschner 3613). e. Ascospores germinating after 1 day on malt extract agar (R. Kirschner 3613). Scale bars: a, b, e = 40 µm, c, d = 10 µm.