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opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

A new low-carbon project scheduling problem with renewable and traditional energy A comprehensive analysis and its solution

The data and related experimental results used in the article

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

TRADITIONAL METHODS OF TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A BASIS FOR SUCCESSFUL LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

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dryad28/100

Integrating UCE phylogenomics with traditional taxonomy reveals a trove of New World Syscia species (Formicidae, Dorylinae)

The ant genus Syscia is part of the cryptic ant fauna inhabiting leaf litter and rotten wood in the Asian and American tropics. It is a distinct clade within the Dorylinae, the subfamily from which army ants arose. Prior to this work the genus comprised seven species, each known from a single or very few collections. Extensive collecting in Middle America revealed an unexpected and challenging diversity of morphological forms. Locally distinct forms could be identified at many sites but assignment of specimens to species spanning multiple sites was problematic. To improve species delimitation, Ultra-Conserved Element (UCE) phylogenomic data were sequenced for all forms, both within and among sites, and a phylogeny was inferred. Informed by phylogeny, species delimitation was based on monophyly, absence of within-clade sympatry, and a subjective degree of morphological uniformity. UCE phylogenomic results for 130 specimens were complemented by analysis of mitochondrial COI (DNA barcode) data for an expanded taxon set. The resulting taxonomy augments the number of known species in the New World from 3 to 57. We describe and name 31 new species, and 23 species are assigned morphospecies codes pending improved specimen coverage. Queens may be fully alate or brachypterous, and there is a wide variety of intercaste female forms. Identification based on morphology alone is very difficult due to continuous character variation and high similarity of phylogenetically distant species. An identification aid is provided in the form of a set of distribution maps and standard views, with species ordered by size.

opencc-zeroDec 2019View details →

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Supplementary material 1 from: D'Cruze N, Assou D, Coulthard E, Norrey J, Megson D, Macdonald DW, Harrington LA, Ronfot D, Segniagbeto GH, Auliya M (2020) Snake oil and pangolin scales: insights into wild animal use at "Marché des Fétiches" traditional medicine market, Togo. Nature Conservation 39: 45-71. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.39.47879

Questionnaire

dryad28/100

History taking online: Opportunities and limitations in comparison to traditional bedside teaching

Objective Obtaining a systematic medical history (MH) from a patient is a core competency in medical education and plays a vital role in the diagnosis of diseases. At the Faculty of Medicine at LMU Munich, students have their first course in MH taking during their second year. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the traditional bedside MH taking course had to be transformed into an online course (OC). Our objectives were to implement an online MH taking course, to evaluate its feasibility and to compare the evaluation results to a historic cohort that had undertaken the traditional bedside teaching course (BTC). Methods 874 second-year students participated in the OC. After teaching the theoretical background via asynchronous online lectures, students participated in a practical exercise with fellow students using the video communication platform Zoom where they were able to practice taking a MH on the basis of fictitious, text-based patient cases. Students were then asked to evaluate the course through a standardized online survey with 31 questions on teaching quality and self-perceived learning success, which had also been used in previous years. The survey results were compared to the results of the historic cohort using the two-sample t-test. Results A total of n=162 students (18.5%) evaluated the OC. In the historic cohort, n=252 (30.5%) completed the survey. 85.3% of the OC respondents thought that the atmosphere during the practical exercise was productive and 83.0% greatly appreciated the flexibility in terms of time management. 27.7% of the respondents thought that traditional BTCs should be supplemented through more online activities in the future. The respondents appreciated the online resources as well as having the opportunity to undertake a MH taking course during the COVID-19 pandemic. With respect to the ability of independently taking a MH upon completion of the course, the OC was rated significantly lower relative to the BTC (mean OC: 2.4, SD: ±1.1 vs. mean BTC: 1.9, SD: ±1.1 (1=strongly agree; 5=strongly disagree); p<0.0001). Conclusion OCs are a feasible format and seem to convey the theory and practical implementation in a peer-exercise format of MH taking to medical students. The theoretical background can be acquired with great flexibility. Nevertheless, the students' self-appraisal suggested that the traditional teaching format was more effective at teaching MH taking skills. Thus, we propose a blended learning concept, combining elements of both formats. In this context, we suggest prospective, randomized trials to evaluate blended learning approaches.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

dryad28/100

Data from: Song complexity - no correlation between standard deviation of frequency and traditionally used song complexity metrics in passerines: a comment on Pearse et al. (2018)

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opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

opencc-by-4.0May 2019View details →

Use of Electroencephalography (EEG) for Comparing Study of the External Space Perception of Traditional and Modern Commercial Districts

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Figure 1c from: Gutiérrez EE, Helgen KM, McDonough MM, Bauer F, Hawkins MTR, Escobedo-Morales LA, Patterson BD, Maldonado JE (2017) A gene-tree test of the traditional taxonomy of American deer: the importance of voucher specimens, geographic data, and dense sampling. ZooKeys 697: 87-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.697.15124

Figure 1c - Phylogenetic tree of cytochrome-b sequences of Odocoileini (continuation). This is a strict consensus topology resulting from the Bayesian inference analysis. Nodal support is indicated at each node, except where the relationship received negligible support. Posterior probabilities (from the Bayesian inference analysis) and bootstrap values (from the maximum-likelihood analysis) are indicated before and after the slashes ("/") at branches of interest (i.e., nodal support for fairly shallow relationships within intraspecific haplogroups are omitted). The scale represents substitutions per site. For each terminal, country of origin and next-largest administrative unit (state, department, province, etc.) are provided (when reported by the team that generated them; see detailed voucher and locality information in supplementary file 1 for sequences that we generated). GenBank accession numbers are indicated for each terminal.

Figure 1b from: Gutiérrez EE, Helgen KM, McDonough MM, Bauer F, Hawkins MTR, Escobedo-Morales LA, Patterson BD, Maldonado JE (2017) A gene-tree test of the traditional taxonomy of American deer: the importance of voucher specimens, geographic data, and dense sampling. ZooKeys 697: 87-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.697.15124

Figure 1b - Phylogenetic tree of cytochrome-b sequences of Odocoileini (continuation). This is a strict consensus topology resulting from the Bayesian inference analysis. Nodal support is indicated at each node, except where the relationship received negligible support. Posterior probabilities (from the Bayesian inference analysis) and bootstrap values (from the maximum-likelihood analysis) are indicated before and after the slashes ("/") at branches of interest (i.e., nodal support for fairly shallow relationships within intraspecific haplogroups are omitted). The scale represents substitutions per site. For each terminal, country of origin and next-largest administrative unit (state, department, province, etc.) are provided (when reported by the team that generated them; see detailed voucher and locality information in supplementary file 1 for sequences that we generated). GenBank accession numbers are indicated for each terminal.

Figure 3 from: Gutiérrez EE, Helgen KM, McDonough MM, Bauer F, Hawkins MTR, Escobedo-Morales LA, Patterson BD, Maldonado JE (2017) A gene-tree test of the traditional taxonomy of American deer: the importance of voucher specimens, geographic data, and dense sampling. ZooKeys 697: 87-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.697.15124

Figure 3 - Hind foot bones of Mazama rufina (A) and Pudu puda (B) sensu Hershkovitz (1982). According to Hershkovitz (1982; see also Brooke 1874, 1878), the union of the cuboideonavicular and external and middle cuneiform tarsal bones into a single bone in Pudu is the only osteological characteristic shared by P. puda and P. mephistophiles that consistently separates them from all other living deer, with exception of the genera Elaphodus and Muntiacus.

Figure 2 from: Gutiérrez EE, Helgen KM, McDonough MM, Bauer F, Hawkins MTR, Escobedo-Morales LA, Patterson BD, Maldonado JE (2017) A gene-tree test of the traditional taxonomy of American deer: the importance of voucher specimens, geographic data, and dense sampling. ZooKeys 697: 87-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.697.15124

Figure 2 - Overall morphological appearance of "M." pandora (panels A–C) and that of the genus Odocoileus (panels D–F). Notice the grayish pelage and divergent antlers larger than in other species currently classified in Mazama. "M." pandora, panels A and C individuals kept in captivity at the Parque Zoológico del Bicentenario Animaya, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico (photographs by Luis A. Escobedo-Morales)—provenance unknown; panel B individual kept in captivity in Tekax, Yucatán, Mexico (photograph by Rosa María González Marín)—provenance unknown. Odocoileus virginianus (see proposals by Molina and Molinari 1999 and Molinari 2007); panels D and E Monteredondo, Parque Nacional Chingaza, ca. 47 km (by road) E Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia (photographs by Aideé Vargas-Espinoza and Irene Aconcha, respectively); panel F Laguna de Mucubají, Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada, Mérida, Venezuela (photograph by Rodrigo Díaz Lupanow).

Figure 1a from: Gutiérrez EE, Helgen KM, McDonough MM, Bauer F, Hawkins MTR, Escobedo-Morales LA, Patterson BD, Maldonado JE (2017) A gene-tree test of the traditional taxonomy of American deer: the importance of voucher specimens, geographic data, and dense sampling. ZooKeys 697: 87-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.697.15124

Figure 1a - Phylogenetic tree of cytochrome-b sequences of Odocoileini. This is a strict consensus topology resulting from the Bayesian inference analysis. Nodal support is indicated at each node, except where the relationship received negligible support. Posterior probabilities (from the Bayesian inference analysis) and bootstrap values (from the maximum-likelihood analysis) are indicated before and after the slashes ("/") at branches of interest (i.e., nodal support for fairly shallow relationships within intraspecific haplogroups are omitted). The scale represents substitutions per site. For each terminal, country of origin and next-largest administrative unit (state, department, province, etc.) are provided (when reported by the team that generated them; see detailed voucher and locality information in supplementary file 1 for sequences that we generated). GenBank accession numbers are indicated for each terminal.

opencc-zeroJan 2018View details →

Supplementary material 3 from: Korshunova T, Martynov A, Bakken T, Evertsen J, Fletcher K, Mudianta WI, Saito H, Lundin K, Schrödl M, Picton B (2017) Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 717: 1-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885

Table S2 : Explanation note: Primer sequences.

opencc-zeroJan 2018View details →

Supplementary material 4 from: Korshunova T, Martynov A, Bakken T, Evertsen J, Fletcher K, Mudianta WI, Saito H, Lundin K, Schrödl M, Picton B (2017) Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 717: 1-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885

Table S3 : Explanation note: List of taxonomic changes to the traditional family Flabellinidae.

opencc-zeroJan 2018View details →

Supplementary material 1 from: Korshunova T, Martynov A, Bakken T, Evertsen J, Fletcher K, Mudianta WI, Saito H, Lundin K, Schrödl M, Picton B (2017) Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 717: 1-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885

Data S1 : Explanation note: Synopsis of the families of suborder Aeolidacea.

Figure 9 from: Korshunova T, Martynov A, Bakken T, Evertsen J, Fletcher K, Mudianta WI, Saito H, Lundin K, Schrödl M, Picton B (2017) Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 717: 1-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885

Figure 9 - Paracoryphella islandica (Odhner, 1937). ZMMU Op-534. Barents Sea, Dalne-Zelentskaya Bay, living specimen 12 mm in fixed length: A dorsal view B ventral view C lateral view D same, details of cerata E jaw, SEM F details of masticatory process of jaw, SEM G details of masticatory process of jaw, light microscopy H radular teeth, posterior part, SEM I lateral tooth, close up, SEM J rachidian and lateral teeth, details, SEM K radular teeth, middle part, showing second rudimentary row of lateral teeth (rlt), light microscopy L dissected anterior part showing pharynx and reproductive system M ventral anterior part of fixed specimen showing external non-retractable penis (p). Abbreviations: am ampulla fgm female gland mass nc continuous notal edge p penis pvd prostatic bas deferens rlt rudimentary lateral teeth (second additional rudimentary row of lateral teeth) . Scale bars: E = 100 μm; F, H = 30 μm; I, J = 10 μm. Photos and SEM images by T.A. Korshunova, A.V. Martynov.

Figure 6 from: Korshunova T, Martynov A, Bakken T, Evertsen J, Fletcher K, Mudianta WI, Saito H, Lundin K, Schrödl M, Picton B (2017) Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 717: 1-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885

Figure 6 - Chlamylla intermedia (Bergh, 1899). ZMMU Op-481. Laptev Sea, living specimen 15 mm in length: A dorsal view B latero-ventral view C details of cerata D jaw, SEM E radular teeth, posterior part, SEM F reproductive system, SEM. Abbreviations: a anus am ampulla fgm female gland mass nc continuous notal edge pc penial collar (external) pr prostate ps penial sheath vd vas deferens (muscular part). Scale bars: D = 300 μm; E = 100 μm; F = 300 μm. Photos of living specimens by O.L. Zimina, SEM images by A.V. Martynov.

Figure 7 from: Korshunova T, Martynov A, Bakken T, Evertsen J, Fletcher K, Mudianta WI, Saito H, Lundin K, Schrödl M, Picton B (2017) Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 717: 1-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885

Figure 7 - Schematic outline of the reproductive systems of the taxa of the families Paracoryphellidae and Flabellinopsidae integrated with molecular phylogenetic data. Colour indication of reproductive system characters: ampulla – green; body wall – gray; distal receptaculum seminis – red; female gland mass – yellow; female genital opening – orange; penis and male genital opening – dark blue; penial external collar – lilac; penial sheath – pale blue; prostate and prostatic vas deferens – turquoise.

Figure 8 from: Korshunova T, Martynov A, Bakken T, Evertsen J, Fletcher K, Mudianta WI, Saito H, Lundin K, Schrödl M, Picton B (2017) Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 717: 1-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885

Figure 8 - Paracoryphella ignicrystalla sp. n. ZMMU Op-490. The Sea of Japan, Vostok Bay, living specimen 11.5 mm in fixed length: A dorsal view B ventral view C details of cerata D jaw, SEM E details of masticatory process of jaw, SEM F radular teeth, posterior part, showing second rudimentary row of lateral teeth (rlt), light microscopy G radular teeth, posterior part, SEM H lateral tooth, close up, SEM I dissected anterior part showing pharynx and reproductive system J ventral anterior part of fixed specimen showing external non-retractable penis (p). Abbreviations: am ampulla fgm female gland mass g gonad nc continuous notal edge p penis pvd prostatic vas deferens rlt rudimentary lateral teeth (second additional rudimentary row of lateral teeth); Scale bars: D = 100 μm; E, G = 30 μm; H = 10 μm. Photos and SEM images by A.V. Martynov.

Figure 5 from: Korshunova T, Martynov A, Bakken T, Evertsen J, Fletcher K, Mudianta WI, Saito H, Lundin K, Schrödl M, Picton B (2017) Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 717: 1-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885

Figure 5 - Chlamylla intermedia (Bergh, 1899). ZMMU Op-480. White Sea, Cape Kartesh, living animal 23 mm in length: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D details of cerata E living animal and its egg masses on a Tubularia stem F jaw, SEM G details of masticatory process of jaw, SEM H radular teeth, posterior part, SEM I reproductive system J details of external penial collar K details of penis inside of penial sheath. Abbreviations: a anus am ampulla nc continuous notal edge p penis pc penial collar (external) pr prostate ps penial sheath vd vas deferens (muscular part). Scale bars: F = 300 μm; G = 30 μm; H = 100 μm. Photos and SEM images by T.A. Korshunova, A.V. Martynov.