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FIGURE 9 in A new species of Ungla (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) that exhibits remarkable homoplasy in male secondary sexual characters
FIGURE 9. Comparison of the male cranial features of Ungla pseudomeleoma with those of selected Meleoma species, A. Ungla pseudomeleoma, sp. nov., Holotype (Peru: La Libertad, FSCA). A1. Dorsal aspect (base) of interantennal horn (arrow indicates dorsal origin of mesal trough), A2. Frontolateral aspect of interantennal and lower horns (The arrows indicate paired distal arms of the interantennal horn; the lower horns are brown, triangular, below and anterior to the interantennal horns), A3. Frontal close-up of interantennal trough, interantennal horn, and lower horn (upper arrows indicate tips of paired interantennal horns; lower arrows indicate paired lower horns); B-D. Dorsal aspect of interantennal horn (lower arrows on each figure indicate base of the horn; upper arrows indicate tip of interantennal horn. B. Meleoma emuncta Fitch (USA: California, TRC); C. Meleoma hageni Banks (USA: Arizona, TRC); D. Meleoma unidentified sp. (Argentina: Jujuy, TRC).
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Ungla (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) that exhibits remarkable homoplasy in male secondary sexual characters
FIGURE 1. Ungla pseudomeleoma, sp. nov., Holotype (male, Peru: La Libertad, FSCA). A. Head, prothorax (frontolateral); B. Head, prothorax (lateral); C. Head (frontal); D. Head (lateral); E. Face (frontal); F. Head, prothorax (dorsal). f1, first flagellomere; in.fu., interantennal furrow; in.h., interantennal horn; lo.h., lower horn; ped, pedicel.
Fig. 1 in Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical investigation of paramylon combined with new 18S rDNA-based secondary structure analysis clarifies phylogenetic affiliation of Entosiphon sulcatum (Euglenida: Euglenozoa)
Fig. 1 Phylograms obtained from maximum likelihood (ML) analyses of 182 euglenozoan taxa with new 18S rDNA sequences boxed and most ingroup taxa pruned to major groupings, sequences of Heterolobosea and Jakobida were used as outgroup. Congruent Bayesian inference (BI) posterior probability values>0.50 were mapped onto both ML trees and are
Fig. 4 in Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical investigation of paramylon combined with new 18S rDNA-based secondary structure analysis clarifies phylogenetic affiliation of Entosiphon sulcatum (Euglenida: Euglenozoa)
Fig. 4 Schematic phylogram combining molecular and morphological findings corroborating phylogenetic position of Entosiphon as sister group of Helicales within Euglenida. States of key characters are illustrated tabularly: black squares code presence and blanks absence, e.g., paramylon is present only in Entosiphon and Helicales. Unpaired base in 18S rDNA helix 44 is present in primordial petalomonads and kinetoplastids, but absent in more derived taxa within respective groups. White Roman numerals depict heterogeneous dispersal of different types of feeding apparatuses (FA) according to Triemer and Farmer (1991), white Arabic numerals count for number of rods in FA. Heterolobosea and Jakobida represent outgroup taxa
Fig. 1 in Are copepods secondary hosts of Cycliophora?
Fig. 1 Cycliophoran life cycle stages attached to harpacticoid copepods; light micrographs. a Two Symbion sp. feeding stages (fs1–2) attached, respectively, to the metasome and the urosome of a copepod host. The anterior region of the copepod (co) is facing left. The insert figure shows a close up of the trunk of one of the feeding stages with several wrinkles (arrowheads) on the cuticle. b Undetermined cycliophoran stage (ucs) settled on the urosome of a copepod host (co). The anterior of the copepod is facing right. c Same cycliophoran life cycle stage as shown in b, but detached from the copepod host. Note the folded cuticle on its most posterior region. The insert figure shows a close up of the attachment disk that characterizes the most anterior region of this cycliophoran stage. an antennule, as anal somite, ce cephalothorax, cr caudal rami, ds double-somite, ey eye, pc posterior folded cuticle, sl swimming legs
Fig. 3 a in Phylogeographic patterns of genetic diversity in the common spadefoot toad, Pelobates fuscus (Anura: Pelobatidae), reveals evolutionary history, postglacial range expansion and secondary contact
Fig. 3 a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis based on a 571-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cyt b gene. Only haplotype sequences have been used. Spea bombifrons was used as outgroup. Asterisks denote Bayesian posterior probabilities values: *95–98 %; **99–100 %. b Haplotype network reconstruction of 29 haplotypes of Pelobates fuscus fuscus (W) and of 13 haplotypes of P. f. vespertinus (E), based on the analysis of a 571-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Size of circles is proportional to the number of individuals sharing a given haplotype. The frequency of each haplotype has been computed based on published data (Crottini et al. 2007) and on new sequences
Fig. 1 in Phylogeographic patterns of genetic diversity in the common spadefoot toad, Pelobates fuscus (Anura: Pelobatidae), reveals evolutionary history, postglacial range expansion and secondary contact
Fig. 1 Geographic locations of the 59 analyzed populations of Pelobates. The limit of the geographic distribution of Pelobates fuscus is indicated with the solid line. The dashed line indicates the presumptive position of the contact zone between P. f. fuscus
Fig. 7 in Phylogeographic patterns of genetic diversity in the common spadefoot toad, Pelobates fuscus (Anura: Pelobatidae), reveals evolutionary history, postglacial range expansion and secondary contact
Fig. 7 Predictive potential niche models (black areas) of Pelobates f. fuscus (a and c) and P. f. vespertinus (b and d) for Last Glacial Maximum based on the MIROC (a and b) and CCSM (c and d) models. Models are above the average 10-percentile training threshold.
Fig. 5 A in Phylogeographic patterns of genetic diversity in the common spadefoot toad, Pelobates fuscus (Anura: Pelobatidae), reveals evolutionary history, postglacial range expansion and secondary contact
Fig. 5 A multilocus cline at four diagnostic allozyme loci along transect in the contact zone of Pelobates fuscus fuscus and P. f. vespertinus. The vertical axis shows the frequency of genetic variants diagnostic for P. f. fuscus (variation diagnostic for P. f. vespertinus is the inverse)
Fig. 2 in Phylogeographic patterns of genetic diversity in the common spadefoot toad, Pelobates fuscus (Anura: Pelobatidae), reveals evolutionary history, postglacial range expansion and secondary contact
Fig. 2 Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean phenogram (a) and neighbor-joining tree (b) showing genetic (allozyme) relationship among the Pelobates species populations sampled based on Nei's (1978) unbiased genetic distance (DNei); bootstrap values ≥ 70 %. Correspondence analysis of allele frequencies among the studied samples of P. fuscus (c), where dark circles represent P. f. vespertinus samples, gray circles are samples from the contact zone from Kursk Province of Russia, open circles are P. f. fuscus samples from Eastern
Fig. 2 Splits graph for ITS sequences from 26 in Allopatric divergence and secondary contacts in Euphorbia spinosa L: Influence of climatic changes on the split of the species
Fig. 2 Splits graph for ITS sequences from 26 ribotypes of E. spinosa. Branch lengths were estimated using the standard implementation of split decomposition (SplitsTree 4.0 beta 06). Ribotype abbreviations are given in Table 3
Fig. 3 in Allopatric divergence and secondary contacts in Euphorbia spinosa L: Influence of climatic changes on the split of the species
Fig. 3 Graphic representation produced on the basis of the ISSR data matrix for E. spinosa. a Plot of grey square individuals by first- and second-principal (30% and 11%) components showing an intermediate position between the samples of the black square = Northwestern group and white square=Southeastern group. b Estimation, by using the software NEWHY- BRIDS (Anderson and Thompson 2002) of the posterior probability that each individual belongs to each of the six genotypic classes that originate after two generations of admixture. The six classes are: two pure lines (black =pure line 1, northwestern group and white = pure line 2, southeastern group), first generation hybrids (F1), second generation hybrids (F2), backcrosses to NW (BC_1); backcrosses to SE (BC_2). The length of each bar reflects the Bayesian posterior probabilities that the 90 analyzed individuals belong to line pure or hybrids. Population abbreviations are explained in Table 1
Fig. 2 in Using compensatory base change analysis of internal transcribed spacer 2 secondary structures to identify three new species in Paramacrobiotus (Tardigrada)
Fig. 2 Phylogenetic tree topol- ogies and sampling locations. a Neighbor-joining tree obtained by ProfDistS and supporting bootstrap values (1,000 repli- cates) shown in black; CBC tree obtained by CBCanalyzer in dark grey; corresponding sampling locations indicated by arrows. b Numbers of CBCs distinguishing three species classified within Paramacrobiotus; grey ovals correspond to those in Fig. 2a and indicate the species groups that can be identified on the basis of CBCs
FIGURE 8. Secondary structure V3 in A phylogenetically distant clade of Nostoc-like (Cyanobacteria) taxa with the description of Reofilinostoc matlalcueyense gen. et sp. nov. from an extreme environment
FIGURE 8. Secondary structure V3 helix (16S-23S ITS) of Reofilinostoc matlalcueyense, Desikacharya nostocoides, and Minunostoc cylindricum.
Figure 2. Proposed general secondary structure model for the ITS1–5.8S rDNA–ITS2 in A revised taxonomy and phylogeny of opalinids (Stramenopiles: Opalinata) inferred from the analysis of complete nuclear ribosomal DNA genes
Figure 2. Proposed general secondary structure model for the ITS1–5.8S rDNA–ITS2–LSU rDNA of Opalinida* The expansion segments (ES#L) containing helices (in red) where there are important differences between genera are annotated. Colour code: yellow* ITS1 region; blue* 5.8S rRNA; magenta* ITS2 region; grey* LSU rRNA.
Global distribution of primary and secondary vegetation at 1km spatial resolution
<p>This dataset provides the global spatial distribution of primary and secondary vegetation at approx. 1km spatial resolution (0.01°). It combines Hilda+ landuse/cover data by Winkler et al. (2020) and the global dataset on human influence by Riggio et al. (2020).</p> <p>The data consists of three NetCDF files: </p> <ul> <li>Primary vegetation</li> <li>Primary vegetation minimal use</li> <li>Secondary vegetation</li> </ul> <p>Primary vegetation is assigned where forests, unmanaged grass-/ shrubland or land with sparse vegetation according to the HILDA+ dataset (classes 44, 55, 66) are under full agreement of low human influence according to the global dataset on human influence.</p> <p>The same HILDA+ classes (44, 55, 66) with full agreement to be under very low human influence according to Riggion et al. (2020) are defined as primary vegetation minimal use.</p> <p>Secondary vegetation consists of forests, unmanaged grass-/ shrubland or land with sparse vegetation according to the Hilda+ dataset (classes 44, 55, 66) that are not classified as primary vegetation.</p> <p> </p> <p>Sources:</p> <p>Winkler, K., Fuchs, R., Rounsevell, M. D. A., Herold, M. (2020): HILDA+ Global Land Use Change between 1960 and 2019. PANGAEA. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.921846">https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.921846</a> </p> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <p>Riggio, J. et al. (2020): Global human influence maps reveal clear opportunities in conserving Earth’s remaining intact terrestrial ecosystems. Dryad. <a href="https://doi.org/10.25338/B80G7Z">https://doi.org/10.25338/B80G7Z</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p> </p> <p>This seperation of primary and secondary vegetation has been used e.g. in the following studies:</p> <p>Schneider et al. (2024): Effects of profit-driven cropland expansion and conservation policies. Nature Sustainability. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-024-01410-x">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-024-01410-x</a></p> <p><span>Piipponen et al. (2024): Protein and energy from grazing or crops - does livestock have a chance? Preprint: </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3392089/v1"><span>https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3392089/v1</span></a></p>
Fig. 1 in Morphological specificities of vendace (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae: Coregoninae: Coregonus albula) population in Lake Pleshcheyevo (the Volga River basin): relationships of two phylogenetic lineages in a new zone of secondary contact
Fig. 1 Map of European north of Russia marking the selected sampling location. 1, 2—Lake Goreloye [16] and Lake Bol'shoye Krasnoye [35] (Bol'shoy Solovetsky Island); 3—Lake Beloye [16]; 4—Lake Pleshcheyevo: lineages E [44] and ALBP2 [29]; 5—Lake Vishtynetskoye (Kaliningrad region) [28]. In square brackets, the sample size is shown
Fig. 3 in Morphological specificities of vendace (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae: Coregoninae: Coregonus albula) population in Lake Pleshcheyevo (the Volga River basin): relationships of two phylogenetic lineages in a new zone of secondary contact
Fig. 3 Plots of scores for the first two discriminant functions for size-free morphometric data for six vendace (C. albula) groups. 1—Lake Pleshcheyevo, lineage E; 2—Lake Pleshcheyevo, lineage ALBP2; 3—Lake Goreloye; 4—Lake Bol'shoye Krasnoye; 5—Lake Vishtynetskoye; 6—Lake Beloye. 95% confidence ellipses are shown
Apendices(Effect of Vegetation Structure on Secondary Wind Dispersal Distance of Diaspores)
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Amplified secondary organic aerosol formation induced by anthropogenic–biogenic interactions in forests around megacities
<p>The measured data for the manuscript "Amplified secondary organic aerosol formation induced by anthropogenic–biogenic interactions in forests around megacities "</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.