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1,492 results for “species delimitation”
FIGURE 8 in The Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): species delimitation and evolutionary relationships based on wing geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 8. Thin-plate spline reconstruction representing negative and positive deformations of mean shape between genders along the CV1 axis. Deformation grids are exaggerated × 3. Numbers in the deformation grids refer to landmarks shown in figure 2.
FIGURE 1 in The Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): species delimitation and evolutionary relationships based on wing geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 1. Map of the Balkan Peninsula. Origin of the analysed populations: 1. Eastern Alps (Slovenia, SLO; E 13º30'–14º40', N 46º15'); 2. Fruška Gora Mt (Serbia, FG; E 19º50', N 45º10'); 3. Homoljske planine Mt (Serbia, HPL; E 21º55', N 44º22'); 4. Kopaonik Mt (Serbia, KOP; E 20º40', N 43º15'); 5. Durmitor Mt (Montenegro, DUR; E 19º00', N 43º11'); 6. Jahorina Mt (Bosnia and Herzegovina, BIH; E 18º35', N 43º43').
FIGURE 9 in The Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): species delimitation and evolutionary relationships based on wing geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 9. UPGMA phenogram based on the squared Mahalanobis distances of populations of the C. canicularis group.
FIGURE 7 in The Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): species delimitation and evolutionary relationships based on wing geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 7. Scatterplot of individual scores from the CVA showing shape differentiation between sexes of species of the C. canicularis group. The amount of variation explained by each axis is in parentheses.
FIGURE 3 in The Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): species delimitation and evolutionary relationships based on wing geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 3. Boxplot of centroid size of populations of the C. canicularis group with the mean, standard error and standard deviation illustrating intra- and interspecific variation in wing size.
FIGURE 4 in The Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): species delimitation and evolutionary relationships based on wing geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 4. Scatterplot of individual scores from the CVA showing shape differentiation between species of the C. canicularis group. The amount of variation explained by each axis is in parentheses.
Figure 4. Bar charts plotting mean p in Operational criteria for cryptic species delimitation when evidence is limited, as exemplified by North American Entomobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Figure 4. Bar charts plotting mean p-distances (uncorrected) of cytochrome c oxidase I (COI; complete gene, 1539 bp). A, mean intrapopulation, interpopulation, and interspecific distances for all Entomobrya species comparisons. Mean intrapopulation distances and mean distances for comparisons between allopatric populations of the same colour form, different colour forms (i.e. a−b represents mean distance of all comparisons between colour forms a and b), and morphologically differentiated sister species, are graphed for each test species; B, Entomobrya assuta; C, Entomobrya clitellaria; D, Entomobrya ligata; and E, Entomobrya quadrilineata. The line representing the lowest reported interspecific COI distance for Collembola (8%) is highlighted in bold. The number of comparisons (n) for each mean distance is listed. Error bars indicate the SD. See Table S4 for actual mean p-distance values.
Figure 2 in Operational criteria for cryptic species delimitation when evidence is limited, as exemplified by North American Entomobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Figure 2. Colour form distribution maps for each test species: A, Entomobrya assuta; B, Entomobrya clitellaria; C, Entomobrya ligata; and D, Entomobrya quadrilineata. Each sampling locality is represented by a coloured circle indicating the colour form collected from the site. Colour forms collected in sympatry are indicated by a circle with two colours corresponding to colour form in the legend.
Figure 1 in Operational criteria for cryptic species delimitation when evidence is limited, as exemplified by North American Entomobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Figure 1. Dorsal colour patterns for all colour forms included in this study for A, Entomobrya assuta; B, Entomobrya clitellaria; C, Entomobrya ligata; and D, Entomobrya quadrilineata. An asterisk (*) indicates a previously unreported, new colour form.
Figure 11. Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema americanum-group complex. Bayesian 50 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 11. Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema americanum-group complex. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (coxI) sequence alignment under a transversional of invariable sites and gamma-shaped distribution model TVM + I + G model. Posterior probabilities more than 65% are given for appropriate clades; bootstrap values greater than 50% are given on appropriate clades in the maximum likelihood analysis. Sequences newly obtained in this study in this study are in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.
Figure 7 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 7. Factor analysis of 11 morphometric characters used to characterize Xiphinema plesiopachtaicum sp. nov., Xiphinema vallense sp. nov., and Xiphinema pachtaicum-subgroup species. Left-hand side of panels: projection of morphometric characters on the plane of factors 1 and 2 (A), 1 and 3 (B), 1 and 4 (C), and 2 and 3 (D). Abbreviations: L, body length; V, (distance from anterior end to vulva/body length) × 100; OaGR, oral aperture-guiding ring distance; Lip, lip region width; Tail, female tail length; Hyaline, hyaline region length; a, body length/maximum body width; b, body length/pharyngeal length; c, body length/tail length; c′, tail length/body width at anus.
Figure 6 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 6. Light micrographs of Xiphinema astaregiense sp. nov. A, B, entire female and male, respectively. C–F, female neck region. G, pharyngeal bulb. H, vulval region. I–K, female tail regions from different specimens showing the morphological variability. L, M, male tail region, ventromedian supplements arrowed. Abbreviations: a, anus; gr, guiding ring; V, vulva. Scale bars: A, B = 200 μm; C–M = 20 μm.
Figure 4 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 4. Light micrographs of Xiphinema vallense sp. nov. A, entire female. B, E, female neck region. C, D, F, female lip region. G, vulval region. H–M, female tail regions from different specimens showing the morphological variability. N–O, male tail, ventromedian supplements arrowed. Abbreviations: a, anus; gr, guiding ring; V, vulva. Scale bars: A = 200 μm; B–O = 20 μm.
Figure 3 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 3. Light micrographs of Xiphinema plesiopachtaicum sp. nov. A, entire female. B, female neck region. C, D, female lip region. E, vulval region. F–K, female tail regions from different specimens showing the morphological variability. Abbreviations: a, anus; gr, guiding ring; V, vulva. Scale bars: A = 100 μm; B–K = 20 μm.
Figure 8 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 8. Factor analysis of 11 morphometric characters used to characterize Xiphinema plesiopachtaicum sp. nov., Xiphinema vallense sp. nov., and Xiphinema pachtaicum-subgroup species. Projection of Xiphinema americanum- group species on the plane of factor 1 and 2 (A), 1 and 3 (B), 1 and 4 (C), and 2 and 3 (D).
Figure 1 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 1. Line drawings of: A–D, Xiphinema plesiopachtaicum sp. nov.; E–H, Xiphinema vallense sp. nov.; I–L, Xiphinema astaregiense sp. nov. A, E, I, female lip regions. B–D, F, G, J, K, female tail regions. H, L, male tail regions.
Figure 2 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 2. Line drawings of pharyngeal bulb and anterior genital branch of: A, B, Xiphinema plesiopachtaicum sp. nov.; C, D, Xiphinema vallense sp. nov.; E, F, Xiphinema astaregiense sp. nov.
Figure 10. Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema americanum-group complex. Bayesian 50 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 10. Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema americanum-group complex. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) rRNA sequence alignment under the general timereversible and gamma-shaped distribution model. Posterior probabilities more than 65% are given for appropriate clades; bootstrap values greater than 50% are given on appropriate clades in the maximum likelihood analysis. Sequences newly obtained in this study are in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.
Figure 5 in Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
Figure 5. Relationship between body length and functional and replacement odontostyle (Ost and rOst, respectively) length in all developmental stages from first-stage juveniles (J1) to mature females of: A, Xiphinema vallense sp. nov. and B, Xiphinema astaregiense sp. nov.
FIGURE 2 in Species delimitation of the northeastern Anatolian Symphytum (Boraginaceae) taxa
FIGURE 2. Dated maximum clade credibility tree from the BEAST analyses based on concatenated ITS and trnL-F sequences with different secondary calibration points.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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