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Figure1 in Indiscriminate ingestion of entomopathogenic nematodes and their symbiotic bacteria by Aedes aegypti larvae: a novel strategy to control the vector of Chikungunya, dengue and yellow fever
Figure1. Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti larvae to different species of EPNs. Five 3rd instar larvae exposed to 500 infective juveniles (IJs) and mortality assessed daily at 1-day, 2- and 3-days post-inoculation (DPI).
Fig. 1. A Neighbor Joining tree phylogram comparing 316 in Zoonotic and vector-borne pathogens in tigers from a wildlife safari park, Italy
Fig. 1. A Neighbor Joining tree phylogram comparing 316 bp 18S rRNA DNA Hepatozoon canis sequences from tigers, herein in bold, to other Hepatozoon spp. GenBank deposited sequences with Babesia canis as outgroup. Sequences are presented by GenBank accession number, host species and country of origin.
Fig. 3 in Utilising a novel surveillance system to investigate species of Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as the suspected vectors of Leishmania macropodum (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in the Darwin region of Australia
Fig. 3. Evaluation of L. macropodum viability on FTAṜ cards and the effect of honey. To determine L. macropodum detection on honeycoated and plain FTAṜ cards, an experiment was designed over a 10-week time course. FTAṜ cards (2.5 × 2.5 cm) were inoculated with 10 6 L. macropodum per card in triplicates and DNA was tested at five time points (week 0, 2, 5, 8 and 10).
Genetic diversity of Aedes and Armigeres mosquito vectors and associated Wolbachia pipientis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Fig. 15 in Distribution, adult phenology and life history traits of potential insect vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in Belgium
Fig. 15. Cicadella viridis eggs in common rush.
Fig. 14 in Distribution, adult phenology and life history traits of potential insect vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in Belgium
Fig. 14. Aphrophora salicina eggs in a willow twig.
Landscape structure of bacterial and fungal community composition in the West Nile Virus vector, Culex tarsalis
<p>Raw sequence data for fungi (ITS1 region) </p>
Landscape population genetics structure in the West Nile virus vector, Culex tarsalis
<p>RADseq raw data</p>
Data from: Transgenerational interactions between pesticide exposure and warming in a vector mosquito
While transgenerational plasticity may buffer ectotherms to warming and pesticides separately, it remains unknown how combined exposure to warming and pesticides in the parental generation shapes the vulnerability to these stressors in the offspring. We studied the transgenerational effects of single and combined exposure to warming (4°C increase) and the pesticide chlorpyrifos on life history traits of the vector mosquito Culex pipiens. Parental exposure to a single stressor, either warming or the pesticide, had negative effects on the offspring: both parental exposure to warming and to the pesticide resulted in an overall lower offspring survival, and a delayed offspring metamorphosis. Parental exposure to a single stressor did, however, not alter the vulnerability of the offspring to the same stressor in terms of survival. Parental pesticide exposure resulted in larger offspring when the offspring experienced the same stressor as the parents. Within both the parental and offspring generations, warming made the pesticide more toxic in terms of survival. Yet, this synergism disappeared in the offspring of parents exposed to both stressors simultaneously because in this condition the pesticide was already more lethal at the lower temperature. Our results indicate that transgenerational effects will not increase the ability of this vector species to deal with pesticides in a warming world. Bifactorial transgenerational experiments are crucial to understand the combined impact of warming and pesticides across generations, hence to assess the efficacy of vector control in a warming world.
Data from: Dynamics of short- and long-term association between a bacterial plant pathogen and its arthropod vector
The dynamics of association between pathogens and vectors can strongly influence epidemiology. It has been proposed that wilt disease epidemics in cucurbit populations are sustained by persistent colonization of beetle vectors (Acalymma vittatum) by the bacterial phytopathogen Erwinia tracheiphila. We developed a qPCR method to quantify E. tracheiphila in whole beetles and frass and used it to assess pathogen acquisition and retention following variable exposure to infected plants. We found that (i) E. tracheiphila is present in frass in as little as three hours after feeding on infected plants and can be transmitted with no incubation period by vectors given brief exposure to infected plants, but also by persistently colonized vectors several weeks following exposure; (ii) duration of exposure influences rates of long-term colonization; (iii) frass infectivity (assessed via inoculation experiments) reflects bacterial levels in frass samples across time; and (iv) vectors rarely clear E. tracheiphila infections, but suffer no apparent loss of fitness. These results describe a pattern conducive to the effective maintenance of E. tracheiphila within cucurbit populations.
Data from: Linking the vectorial capacity of multiple vectors to observed patterns of West Nile virus transmission
1. Theoretical models suggest that increased vector species participation in pathogen transmission significantly increases the prevalence of vector and host infections. However, there has been a lack of empirical evidence to support this. 2. We linked transmission potential of multiple vectors species to observed patterns of enzootic pathogen transmission by conducting longitudinal field surveillance of West Nile virus (WNv) infections in Culex spp. mosquitoes and avian host communities in the southeastern U.S. We then used a temperature-dependent vectorial capacity model as a predictor of WNv infections in mosquitoes and birds using general linear mixed effects models. 3. Two WNv-competent Culex spp. mosquitoes were present in our study sites, Culex restuans Theobald during the spring and Culex quinquefasciatus Say during the summer. Empirical evidence of WNv transmission was limited exclusively to time periods when night time temperatures were suitable for accelerated within-vector viral replication, susceptible avian hosts (i.e. hatch year birds) were abundant, and Culex quinquefasciatus was the primary Culex spp. vector in the mosquito community. 4. Contrary to theoretical predictions, increased presence of competent vector species through time did not significantly increase the prevalence of infections in the WNv enzootic system. 5. Synthesis and applications. We extend a commonly used theoretical framework to quantify transmission potential of vector-borne diseases, the vectorial capacity equation, to account for species-specific variations in temperature-dependent development and host feeding preference. By quantifying key vectorial capacity parameters using field data from southeast United States we quantified the relative contribution of two Culex spp. species (Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Culex restuans) to the transmission of West Nile virus (WNv). Our findings suggest that to reduce the risk of human exposure to WNv in urban environments, vector control should focus on the primary WNv vector, the members of the Culex pipiens complex. Additionally, vector control may be more effective if it coincides with the onset of the avian breeding season, when most WNv amplification occurs. Moreover, our results highlight relevant knowledge gaps pertaining to WNv transmission by secondary mosquito species that coexist either in time or space with Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes. A better understanding of secondary WNv vector species is greatly needed in order to appropriately gauge their role in pathogen transmission dynamics.
Data from: Systems biology of tissue-specific response to Anaplasma phagocytophilum reveals differentiated apoptosis in the tick vector Ixodes scapularis
Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging pathogen that causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis. Infection with this zoonotic pathogen affects cell function in both vertebrate host and the tick vector, Ixodes scapularis. Global tissue-specific response and apoptosis signaling pathways were characterized in I. scapularis nymphs and adult female midguts and salivary glands infected with A. phagocytophilum using a systems biology approach combining transcriptomics and proteomics. Apoptosis was selected for pathway-focused analysis due to its role in bacterial infection of tick cells. The results showed tissue-specific differences in tick response to infection and revealed differentiated regulation of apoptosis pathways. The impact of bacterial infection was more pronounced in tick nymphs and midguts than in salivary glands, probably reflecting bacterial developmental cycle. All apoptosis pathways described in other organisms were identified in I. scapularis, except for the absence of the Perforin ortholog. Functional characterization using RNA interference showed that Porin knockdown significantly increases tick colonization by A. phagocytophilum. Infection with A. phagocytophilum produced complex tissue-specific alterations in transcript and protein levels. In tick nymphs, the results suggested a possible effect of bacterial infection on the inhibition of tick immune response. In tick midguts, the results suggested that A. phagocytophilum infection inhibited cell apoptosis to facilitate and establish infection through up-regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Bacterial infection inhibited the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in tick salivary glands by down-regulating Porin expression that resulted in the inhibition of Cytochrome c release as the anti-apoptotic mechanism to facilitate bacterial infection. However, tick salivary glands may promote apoptosis to limit bacterial infection through induction of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. These dynamic changes in response to A. phagocytophilum in I. scapularis tissue-specific transcriptome and proteome demonstrated the complexity of the tick response to infection and will contribute to characterize gene regulation in ticks.
Data from: "Transcriptome sequence identity between Lyme disease tick vectors, Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes ricinus" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 April 2014 to 31 May 2014
Ixodes scapularis and I. ricinus transmit the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi in the U.S. and Europe, respectively. The only tick genome sequence available is that of I. scapularis, which constitutes a limitation for tick research. Recent evidences suggest that I. ricinus and I. scapularis transcriptomes share some degree of sequence identity. However, only the global transcriptome comparison reported here demonstrated that I. ricinus and I. scapularis share a 99.232±0.005 percent sequence identity with a very low frequency of INDELs. However, due to limitations of the current I. scapularis genome assembly, the number of aligned reads was only 26-27%. These results support the use of I. scapularis genome sequence as a reference for the analysis of I. ricinus transcriptomics and proteomics data, but addressing the limitations associated with the I. scapularis genome assembly.
Supplementary Information: Learning Protein-Ligand Binding Affinity with Atomic Environment Vectors
<p>Supplementary Information: Learning Protein-Ligand Binding Affinity with Atomic Environment Vectors</p>
Data from: Advanced characterization of DNA molecules in rAAV vector preparations by single-stranded virus next-generation sequencing
Recent successful clinical trials with recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors (rAAVs) have led to a renewed interest in gene therapy. However, despite extensive developments to improve vector-manufacturing processes, undesirable DNA contaminants in rAAV preparations remain a major safety concern. Indeed, the presence of DNA fragments containing antibiotic resistance genes, wild-type AAV, and packaging cell genomes has been found in previous studies using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses. However, because qPCR only provides a partial view of the DNA molecules in rAAV preparations, we developed a method based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) to extensively characterize single-stranded DNA virus preparations (SSV-Seq). In order to validate SSV-Seq, we analyzed three rAAV vector preparations produced by transient transfection of mammalian cells. Our data were consistent with qPCR results and showed a quasi-random distribution of contaminants originating from the packaging cells genome. Finally, we found single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) along the vector genome but no evidence of large deletions. Altogether, SSV-Seq could provide a characterization of DNA contaminants and a map of the rAAV genome with unprecedented resolution and exhaustiveness. We expect SSV-Seq to pave the way for a new generation of quality controls, guiding process development toward rAAV preparations of higher potency and with improved safety profiles.
Temperature-based phenology model of African citrus triozid (Trioza erytreae Del Guercio): Vector of citrus greening disease.
<p>The data in this dataset show the developmental stages of the African citrus psyllid, vector of citrus greening disease. The data consist of egg development time and survival and, development time and survival of the 1st 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th nymphal instar stages of the African citrus triozid. </p>
Moderate-severe OSA screening based on support vector machine of the Chinese population facio-cervical measurements dataset: A cross-sectional study
<p><strong>Objectives</strong> Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has received much attention as a risk factor for perioperative complications and 68.5% of OSA patients remain undiagnosed before surgery. Facio-cervical characteristics may screen OSA for Asians due to smaller upper airways compared to Caucasians. Thus, our study aimed to explore a machine-learning model to screen moderate-severe OSA based on facio-cervical and anthropometric measurements.</p> <p><strong>Design </strong>A cross-sectional study.</p> <p><strong>Setting</strong> Data were collected from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine affiliated Ruijin Hospital between February 2019 and August 2020.</p> <p><strong>Participants</strong> A total of 481 Chinese participants were included in the study.</p> <p><strong>Primary and secondary outcome</strong> (1) Identification of moderate-severe OSA with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)15 events·h<sup>−1</sup>. (2) Verification of the machine learning model.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong> The SABIHC2 model (Sex-Age-Body mass index-maximum Interincisal distance-ratio of Height to thyro-sternum distance-neck Circumference-waist Circumference) was set up. The SABIHC2 model could screen moderate-severe OSA with an area under the curve (AUC)=0.832, the sensitivity of 0.916, and specificity of 0.749, and performed better than the STOP-BANG questionnaire, which showed AUC=0.631, the sensitivity of 0.487, and specificity of 0.772. Especially for asymptomatic patients (ESS < 10), the SABIHC2 model demonstrated better predictive ability compared to the STOP-BANG questionnaire, with AUC (0.824 vs. 0.530), sensitivity (0.892 vs. 0.348), and specificity (0.755 vs. 0.809).</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong> The SABIHC2 machine learning model provides a simple and accurate assessment of moderate-severe OSA in the Chinese population, especially for those without significant daytime sleepiness.</p>
Insect Vectors of Plant Disease
<p>This is a database of Insect Vectors of Plant Disease worldwide. The database contains ~250 records of Auchenorrhyncha species (leafhoppers, planthoppers, treehoppers, froghoppers, spittlebugs) confirmed to be vectors of plant pathogens. Taxonomy, global distributions, species descriptions and plant pathogen relationships are included for each vector species. The website is available at <a href="https://Insectvectors.science">https://Insectvectors.science</a>. A RESTful Data APi is provided at <a href="https://Insectvectors.science">https://Insectvectors.science</a><a href="https://Insectvectors.science/api">/api</a></p>
Figure 9 from: Krailas D, Namchote S, Koonchornboon T, Dechruksa W, Boonmekam D (2014) Trematodes obtained from the thiarid freshwater snail Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774) as vector of human infections in Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 90(1): 57-86. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.90.7306
Figure 9 - Image of Haematoloechus similis;a. Drawing of cercaria structureb. Cercaria without stainingc. Sporocyst stained with 0.5% neutral redd.–g. Images of Scanning ElectronmicroscopeAbbreviations: s – stylet, os – oral sucker, p – pharynx, pg – penetration gland, vs – ventral sucker, eb – excretory bladder, ta – tail, spo: sporocyst, c – cercaria, b – body, sp – spine (scale a, b = 50 µm, c = 50 µm).
Figure 8 from: Krailas D, Namchote S, Koonchornboon T, Dechruksa W, Boonmekam D (2014) Trematodes obtained from the thiarid freshwater snail Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774) as vector of human infections in Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 90(1): 57-86. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.90.7306
Figure 8 - Image of Loxogenoides bicolor;a. Drawing of cercaria structureb. Cercaria stained with 0.5% neutral redc. Sporocyst stained with 0.5% neutral redd.–g. Images of Scanning ElectronmicroscopeAbbreviations: s – stylet, os – oral sucker, vi – vigulate gland, p – pharynx, pg – penetration gland, vs – ventral sucker, eb – excretory bladder, ta – tail, spo: sporocyst, c – cercaria, b – body, sp – spine (scale a, b = 50 µm, c = 20 µm).
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.