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FIGURE 74 in Four new species and additional records of the genus Stenus of southern Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)

FIGURE 74. Distribution of Stenus decellei Puthz, S. galla Puthz, S. hippoamicus Janák, sp. nov. and S. naivashensis Puthz.

FIGURES 13–24. 13–14, 21–22 in Four new species and additional records of the genus Stenus of southern Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)

FIGURES 13–24. 13–14, 21–22: Stenus hippoamicus Janák, sp. nov.: 13–14, 21, holotype; 22, paratype from St. Lucia. 15, 18, 23–24: Stenus galla Rougemont, paratypes. 16, 19: Stenus decellei Puthz, holotype. 17, 20: Stenus naivashensis. 13–14, basal part of aedeagus with internal sac; 15–17, aedeagus dorsal; 18–20, sternite 9, 21–24, apical part of aedeagus and expulsion hooks. Scale 0.1 mm: 13–14, 21–24; scale 0.5 mm: 18–20.

FIGURES 25–37. 25–31 in Four new species and additional records of the genus Stenus of southern Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)

FIGURES 25–37. 25–31: Stenus rugosellus Janák, sp. nov., 25–30, holotype; 29–30, paratype. 32–37: Stenus hessei L. Benick, 32, Heuningnes river, 33–37, Bordjiersrif. 25, habitus; 26, abdomen ventral; 27, 32, 33, aedeagus, dorsal; 28, 34, sternite 9; 29, 35, male tergite 10; 31, 37, female tergite 10; 30, 36, valves. Scale 1 mm: 25–26; scale 0.5 mm: 27–37.

FIGURES 53–66. 53–58 in Four new species and additional records of the genus Stenus of southern Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)

FIGURES 53–66. 53–58: Stenus spinifer Puthz, holotype. 59–66: Stenus spiniferoides Janák, sp. nov., 59–64, holotype; 65–66, paratype. 53, 59, habitus; 54, 60, abdomen ventral; 56, male sternite 8, transmitted light; 62, male sternites 6–8, reflected light; 57, 63, male sternite 9; 58, 64, male tergite 10; 65, female tergite 10; 66, valves. Scale 1 mm: 53–54, 59–60; 0,5 mm: 55, 61; 0,5 mm: 56–58; 62–66.

FIGURES 1–12 in Four new species and additional records of the genus Stenus of southern Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)

FIGURES 1–12. Stenus hippoamicus Janák, sp. nov.: 1–3, 9–10, holotype, 4–8, 11–12, paratypes; 1, habitus; 2, abdomen ventral; 3, 7, 8, aedeagus dorsal, transmitted light; 4–6 aedeagus in reflected light (4, dorsal; 5, 1/3 lateral; 6, lateral); 9, male sternite 9; 10, male tergite 10; 11, female, valves; 12, female tergite 10. Scale 1 mm: 1–2; scale 0.5 mm: 3–12.

FIGURES 47–52. 47–49 in Four new species and additional records of the genus Stenus of southern Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)

FIGURES 47–52. 47–49: Stenus capicola L. Benick, Olifantsbos. 50–52: Stenus deductus Puthz, Highmoor. 47, 50, aedeagus dorsal; 48, 51, male tergite 10; 49, 52, male sternite 9. Scale 0.5 mm: 47–52.

FIGURE 73 in Four new species and additional records of the genus Stenus of southern Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)

FIGURE 73. Distribution of Stenus mendicus group in southern Africa. Empty forms = published records; filled forms = new records;? = uncertain identification.

FIGURES 38–46 in Four new species and additional records of the genus Stenus of southern Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)

FIGURES 38–46. Stenus volkerputhzianus Janák, sp. nov.: 38–40, holotype, 41–46, paratypes from Himeville. 38, habitus; 39, abdomen ventral; 40, aedeagus ventral, diffused light; 41, 42, aedeagus in reflected light (41, ventral; 42, dorsal); 43, male sternite 9; 44, male tergite 10; 45, valves; 46, female tergite 10. Scale 1 mm: 38–39; scale 0.5 mm: 40–46.

FIGURES 67–72. Localities where Stenus species were collected. S in Four new species and additional records of the genus Stenus of southern Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)

FIGURES 67–72. Localities where Stenus species were collected. S. hippoamicus Janák, sp. nov. (67, St. Lucia; 68, Ndumo); S. volkerputhzianus Janák, sp. nov. (69, Himeville, 70, Tugella river); S. hessei L. Benick, S. capicola L. Benick, S. depressiusculus L. Benick, S. cf. grandipennis L. Benick, 1933 (71, Olifantsbos); S. spiniferoides Janák, sp. nov. (72, Langvlei).

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FIGURES 1–5 in Woody plant communities of southern South Africa and new distribution records for the rare dung beetle species Sarophorus punctatus Frolov & Scholtz, 2003 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

FIGURES 1–5. Sarophorus punctatus Frolov & Scholtz, 2003 (TMSA). 1, male, dorsal view; 2, female, dorsal view; 3, aedeagus, dorsal and lateral views; 4, specimen labels; 5, distribution of S. punctatus (yellow circles; circle with black point indicates type locality - "Keurboomstrand").

FIGURES 126–130 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 126–130. Leptopilos digitus sp. nov., female epigyne in ventral (126) and dorsal (127) views, and male palp in prolateral (128), ventral (129) and retrolateral (130) views. Abbreviations: ATP—anterior tegular process; E—embolus; MA— median apophysis; RTP—retrolateral tegular process; sRTP—secondary lobe of RTP. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 121–125 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 121–125. Leptopilos butleri sp. nov., female epigyne in ventral (121) and dorsal (122) views, and male palp in prolateral (123), ventral (124) and retrolateral (125) views. Abbreviations: ATP—anterior tegular process; E—embolus; MA— median apophysis; RTP—retrolateral tegular process. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 87–92 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 87–92. Dorsal habitus of Leptopilos species: 87, 88. L. butleri sp. nov. female (87) and male (88); 89, 90. L. digitus sp. nov. female (89) and male (90); 91, 92. L. vasivulva sp. nov. female (91) and male (92). Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 93–101 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 93–101. Scanning electron micrographs of Leptopilos digitus sp. nov. male (93–96, 98–101) and female (97): 93. Carapace, dorsal view; 94. Eye region, anterior view; 95. Mouthparts, ventral view; 96. Distal ends of chelicerae, ventral view; 97, 98. Distal ends of chelicerae, posterior views, arrows indicating cheliceral teeth; 99. Serrula teeth; 100. Sternum, ventral view; 101. Dorsal abdominal setae. Abbreviations: PES—promarginal escort setae; RES—retromarginal escort setae; RS—rake setae.

FIGURES 80–81 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 80–81. Leptodrassex capensis sp. nov., female epigyne in ventral (80) and dorsal (81) views. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 60–70 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 60–70. Scanning electron micrographs of Leptodrassex murphyi sp. nov. female (60–62, 70) and male (63–69): 60. Distal femur and patella IV, most setae removed, retrolateral view, indicating patellar indentation (PI) and lyriform organs (LO); 61. Detail of LO on femur; 62, 64. Detail of LO on patella; 63. Patella IV, setae intact, retrolateral view, indicating PI and LO; 65. Patella I, ventral view, detail of feathery setae; 66. Metatarsus and tarsus IV, indicting metatarsal stopper (MS); 67. Tarsus III, dorsal view, indicating chemosensory setae (CS), feathery setae (FS), scopulate setae (SS), tarsal organ (TO) and trichobothria (TR); 68. Tarsus III, detail of trichobothrium base; 69. Tarsus II, tarsal organ; 70. Tarsus IV, tarsal claws and claw tufts, arrowheads indicating claw teeth.

FIGURES 102–113 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 102–113. Scanning electron micrographs of Leptopilos digitus sp. nov. female (102–104) and male (105–113): 102, 105. Anterior lateral spinnerets; 103, 106. Posterior median spinnerets; 104, 107. Posterior lateral spinnerets; 108. Patella IV, retrolateral view, arrow indicating lyriform organ at proximal end of patellar indentation; 109. Same, detail of LO; 110. Tarsus I, indicating chemosensory setae (CS), feathery setae (FS), tarsal organ (TO) and trichobothria (TR); 111. Same, detail of trichobothrium base; 112. Same, tarsal organ; 113. Same, tarsal claws, retrolateral-dorsal view, arrowheads indicating claw teeth. Abbreviations: Ac—aciniform gland spigot(s); CS—chemosensory setae; Cy—cylindrical gland spigot(s); FS—feathery setae; MAmp—major ampullate gland spigot(s); mAmp—minor ampullate gland spigot(s); mPi—modified piriform gland spigot(s); n—nubbin; Pi—piriform gland spigot(s); Ta—tartipore; TO—tarsal organ; TR—trichobothria.

FIGURES 45–47 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 45–47. Dorsal habitus of Leptodrassex species: 45. L. capensis sp. nov. female; 46, 47. L. murphyi sp. nov. female (46) and male (47). Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 71–79 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 71–79. Scanning electron micrographs of Leptodrassex murphyi sp. nov. females (71–73) and male (74–79): 71– 73. Epigynes, ventral view, showing contrasting extent of plugs (P) and copulatory opening (CO); 74. Palpal patella, arrow indicating retrolateral lyriform organ; 75. Same, detail of lyriform organ; 76. Palp, prolateral view; 77. Palp, ventral view; 78. Palp, retrolateral view; 79. Detail of groove at distal end of anterior tegular process. Abbreviations: ATP—anterior tegular process; C—conductor; dRTA—dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; E—embolus; G—groove in ATP; LO—lyriform organ; MA—median apophysis; PTA—prolateral tibial apophysis; RTP—retrolateral tegular process; vRTA—ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis.

FIGURES 48–59 in The ground spider genera Leptodrassex Murphy, 2007 and Leptopilos Levy, 2009 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in southern Africa, including the description of a new genus and seven new species

FIGURES 48–59. Scanning electron micrographs of Leptodrassex murphyi sp. nov. female (54–56) and male (57–59): 48. Cheliceral paturon, anterodistal view; 49. Chelicerae, posterior view; 50. Endite and serrula, ventral view; 51. Same, detail of serrula teeth; 52. Dorsal abdominal setae; 53. Ventral abdominal setae; 54, 57. Anterior lateral spinnerets, insets showing enlargement of modified piriform gland spigot(s) in the stippled frame; 55, 58. Posterior median spinnerets; 56, 59. Posterior lateral spinnerets. Abbreviations: Ac—aciniform gland spigot(s); Cy—cylindrical gland spigot(s); MAmp—major ampullate gland spigot(s); mAmp—minor ampullate gland spigot(s); mPi—modified piriform gland spigot(s); n—nubbin; PES— promarginal escort setae; RES—retromarginal escort setae; RS—rake setae; Pi—piriform gland spigot(s); Ta—tartipore.