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2,007 results for “ecological species”
FIGURE 19 in Phylogeny, taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia cristata species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of ten new species
FIGURE 19. Colocasiomyia cristata de Meijere (♂ and ♀ from Bogor, West Java, Indonesia). A, Antenna; B, dorsal portion of proboscis (caudal view; yellow arrowheads indicating supralateral setae outside prementum); C, male abdominal sternites (ventral view); D, female abdominal sternites (ventral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 16 in Phylogeny, taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia cristata species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of ten new species
FIGURE 16. Colocasiomyia ecornuta Toda & Takano, sp. nov. (♂ and ♀ paratypes and puparium from Soppeng, South Sulawesi, Indonesia). A, Head (frontal view); B, scutum and scutellum (dorsal view); C, D, abdominal sternites in ventral view (C, male; D, female); E, periphallic organs (caudolateral view; inset: cercal ventral lobe); F, phallal sheath (dorsal view); G, H, phallic organs (G, lateral view; H, ventral view); I peri-oviscapt (caudal view); J, oviscapt (ventral view); K, puparium (ventral habitus; inset: caudal-most portion at lower right and ventrolateral portion of segments at the upper right); L, mouth hook; M, cephalopharyngeal skeleton. Abbreviations: i vt s, inner vertical setae; sctl, scutellum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in A–J and M, 1.0 mm in K.
FIGURE 12. Characters 48‒51 in Phylogeny, taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia cristata species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of ten new species
FIGURE 12. Characters 48‒51 on the female terminalia of Colocasiomyia colocasiae (Duda) (A, lateral view; B, hypoproct in ventral view) and C. cristata de Meijere (C, lateral view; D, hypoproct in ventral view). Abbreviations: epiprct, epiproct; hyprct, hypoproct; ov, oviscapt; t-VIII, tergite VIII. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 15 in Phylogeny, taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia cristata species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of ten new species
FIGURE 15. Habitus (upper, lateral view; lower, dorsal view) of species of the Colocasiomyia cristata subgroup. A, C. ecornuta sp. nov. ♂; B, C. grandis sp. nov. ♂; C, C. vieti sp. nov. ♂; D, C. cristata de Meijere ♂; E, C. sulawesiana Okada & Yafuso ♂; F, C. kinabaluana sp. nov. ♂; G, C. kotana sp. nov. ♂; and H, C. matthewsi sp. nov. ♂. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURE 8. Characters 16‒22 in Phylogeny, taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia cristata species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of ten new species
FIGURE 8. Characters 16‒22 on the male (A, C) and female (B, D) abdominal sternites (s) of Colocasiomyia gigantea (Okada) (A, B) and C. colocasiae (Duda) (C, D). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 4. Characters 5 and 6 in Phylogeny, taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia cristata species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of ten new species
FIGURE 4. Characters 5 and 6 on the cibarium (dorsal view) of Colocasiomyia xenalocasiae (Okada) (A), C. cristata de Meijere (B) and C. sarawakana sp. nov. (C). Abbreviations: a s, anterior sensilla; m s, medial sensilla; p s, posterior sensillum; s c, sensilla campaniformia. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 11. Characters 40‒47 in Phylogeny, taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia cristata species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of ten new species
FIGURE 11. Characters 40‒47 on the phallic organs of Colocasiomyia colocasiae (Duda) (A, lateral view; B, ventral view; C, hypandrium and gonocoxites, oblique lateral view), C. xenalocasiae (Okada) (D, lateral view; E, ventral view), C. sabahana sp. nov. (F, lateral view; G, ventral view) and C. cristata de Meijere (H, lateral view; I, ventral view). Abbreviations: aed, aedeagus; goncx, gonocoxite; hypd, hypandrium; phap, phallapodeme; ph sh, phallal sheath. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 7. Characters 13‒15 in Phylogeny, taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia cristata species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of ten new species
FIGURE 7. Characters 13‒15 on the fore (A, B, distal portion of tibia and tarsus) and mid (C, D, ditto) legs of Colocasiomyia colocasiae (Duda) (A, C) and C. cristata de Meijere (B, D). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 6. Character 12 in Phylogeny, taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia cristata species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of ten new species
FIGURE 6. Character 12 of costal setae on the wing (anterodistal portion) of Colocasiomyia xenalocasiae (Okada) (A), C. colocasiae (Duda) (B) and C. cristata de Meijere (C). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
The roles of recombination and selection in shaping genomic divergence in an incipient ecological species complex
<p>Speciation genomic studies have revealed that genomes of diverging lineages are shaped jointly by the actions of gene flow and selection. These evolutionary forces acting in concert with processes such as recombination and genome features such as gene density shape a mosaic landscape of divergence. We investigated the roles of recombination and gene density in shaping the patterns of differentiation and divergence between the cyclically parthenogenetic ecological sister-taxa, <i>Daphnia pulicaria </i>and <i>Daphnia pulex. </i>First, we assembled a phased chromosome-scale genome assembly using trio-binning for <i>D. pulicaria</i> and constructed a genetic map using an F2-intercross panel to understand sex-specific recombination rate heterogeneity.<i> </i>Finally, we used a ddRADseq dataset with broad geographic sampling of <i>D. pulicaria, D. pulex, </i>and their hybrids to understand the patterns of genome-scale divergence and demographic parameters. Our study provides the first sex-specific estimates of recombination rates for a cyclical parthenogen, and unlike other eukaryotic species, we observed male-biased heterochiasmy in <i>D. pulicaria</i>, which may be related to this somewhat unique breeding mode. Additionally, regions of high gene density and recombination are generally more divergent than regions of suppressed recombination. Outlier analysis indicated that divergent genomic regions are likely driven by selection on <i>D. pulicaria</i>, the derived lineage colonizing a novel lake habitat. Together, our study supports a scenario of selection acting on genes related to local adaptation shaping genome-wide patterns of differentiation despite high local recombination rates in this species complex. Finally, we discuss the limitations of our data in light of demographic uncertainty.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Description of three new Boulenophrys species from eastern Guangdong, China, emphasizing the urgency of ecological conservation in this region (Anura, Megophryidae)
FIGURE 1. Map showing the known distribution sites of Boulenophrys species in eastern Guangdong, China.
FIGURE 4 in Description of three new Boulenophrys species from eastern Guangdong, China, emphasizing the urgency of ecological conservation in this region (Anura, Megophryidae)
FIGURE 4. The paratypes of Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. in life. A–B: male paratype, SYS a007649; C–D: female paratype, SYS a007647; E–F: female paratype, SYS a007648.
FIGURE 2 in Description of three new Boulenophrys species from eastern Guangdong, China, emphasizing the urgency of ecological conservation in this region (Anura, Megophryidae)
FIGURE 2. ML tree based on the partial DNA sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI genes, with Bootstrap Support (BS) / Posterior Probabilities (PP) at nodes. '-' means BS <70 or PP <90.
Reproductive ecology of Drosophila obscura: A cold adapted species
<p>The study of insect reproductive ecology is essential to determine species distributions and fate under changing environments. Species adapted to harsh environments are good examples to investigate the reproductive mechanisms that allow them to cope with the challenging conditions. We here focus on studying for the first time the reproductive ecology of a cold-adapted<em> D. obscura</em> strain collected in Finland (subarctic climate region). We tested several reproductive traits such as fertility and fecundity to observe the onset of reproduction and gauge when sexual maturity is reached in both males and females. We combined these measures with an analysis of changes of their reproductive organs shortly after eclosion. We found that males matured several days before females and that this process was underpinned by female egg maturation and male accessory gland growth, while sperm was already present in two-day old males. This delayed maturation is not observed to the same extent in other closely related species and might be a signature of exposure to harsh environments. Whether this delay is an adaptation to cope with variation in resource availability or prolonged unfavorable temperatures is though not clear. Finally, our study adds to the set of reproductive mechanisms used by cold adapted species and the information presented here contributes to understanding the breadth of Drosophila reproductive ecology.</p>
FIGURE 6 in Potamophylax idliri sp. nov. (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), a new species from the Jastrebac Mountains in Serbia, with molecular and ecological notes
FIGURE 6. Lateral profiles of male genitalia of four species of the Potamophylax winneguthi Species Cluster: 6A, P. coronavirus Ibrahimi, Bilalli & Vitecek 2021 (in Ibrahimi et al. 2021); 6B, P. juliani Kumanski 1999; 6C, P. winneguthi (Klapálek 1902); 6D, P. idliri sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.
FIGURE 5 in Potamophylax idliri sp. nov. (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), a new species from the Jastrebac Mountains in Serbia, with molecular and ecological notes
FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Potamophylax idliri sp. nov. 5A, left lateral; 5B, dorsal; 5C, aedeagus and parameres, ventral. Scale bars = 0.25 mm
FIGURE 1 in Potamophylax idliri sp. nov. (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), a new species from the Jastrebac Mountains in Serbia, with molecular and ecological notes
FIGURE 1. Pictures of the type locality of Potamophylax idliri sp. nov.: Majorova Česma, Jastrebac Mountains, Serbia.
FIGURE 4 in Potamophylax idliri sp. nov. (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), a new species from the Jastrebac Mountains in Serbia, with molecular and ecological notes
FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Potamophylax idliri sp. nov. 4A, left lateral; 4B, dorsal; 4C, caudal; 4D, aedeagus and parameres, ventral; 4E, aedeagus and parameres, left lateral. Scale bars = 0.5 mm
FIGURE 7 in Potamophylax idliri sp. nov. (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), a new species from the Jastrebac Mountains in Serbia, with molecular and ecological notes
FIGURE 7. Maximum likelihood phylogram based on the analysis of the COI haplotypes of Potamophylax idliri sp. nov. and 11 closely related congeners. Numbers at the nodes indicate maximum likelihood (ML) bootstrap support values (BS) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP), respectively. Terminal codes are BOLD Process IDs, as in Table 1.
FIGURE 8 in Potamophylax idliri sp. nov. (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), a new species from the Jastrebac Mountains in Serbia, with molecular and ecological notes
FIGURE 8. Comparative morphology of male genitalia of the three closest species of the P. winneguthi Group: 8A, P. idliri sp. nov.; 8B, Potamophylax coronavirus Ibrahimi, Bilalli & Vitecek 2021 (in Ibrahimi et al. 2021); 8C, Potamophylax juliani Kumanski 1999. 1, lateral profile; 2, intermediate appendages on dorsal view; 3, parameres in lateral view.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.