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145 results for “Aspen”
Boreal aspen understory diversity along a continental gradient
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Data from: Limited conifer regeneration, but widespread regeneration of aspen seedlings following the Cameron Peak Fire, northwestern Colorado
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Fungal OTUs during dead wood succession of aspen
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Cytotype and genotype predict mortality and recruitment in Colorado quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides)
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Tree regeneration after fire: Aspen removal experiment, vegetation cover 2000 - 2002
This research was intended to address the general question of whether asexual stem regeneration of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) reduces rates of establishment and growth of potential invading conifer species during the initial years following fire. Interactions between aspen and conifers were studied under natural conditions in a burned aspen stand with a high potential for aspen re-sprouting. The study contributes to our understanding of whether competitive interactions between tree seedlings are likely to help maintain deciduous stands across disturbance cycles by reducing the potential for successful conifer establishment. Vegetation cover measurements made on July 31, 2000. Data are visual estimates of % cover, made in a 1x1m quadrat centered in each plot. Values are listed by species, with T=trace (<0.5%) and Out=present outside the cover quadrat but inside the plot. A key to the species codes listed in the column headers is found in spcode.txt.
Data from: Facilitation of balsam fir by trembling aspen in the boreal forest: do ectomycorrhizal communities matter?
Succession is generally well described above-ground in the boreal forest, and several studies have demonstrated the role of interspecific facilitation in tree species establishment. However the role of mycorrhizal communities for tree establishment and interspecific facilitation, has been little explored. At the ecotone between the mixed boreal forest, dominated by balsam fir and hardwood species, and the boreal forest, dominated by black spruce, several stands of trembling aspen can be found, surrounded by black spruce forest. Regeneration of balsam fir seems to have increased in the recent decades within the boreal forest, and it seems better adapted to grow in trembling aspen stands than in black spruce stands, even when located in similar abiotic conditions. As black spruce stands are also covered by ericaceous shrubs, we investigated if differences in soil fungal communities and ericaceous shrubs abundance could explain the differences observed in balsam fir growth and nutrition. We conducted a study centered on individual saplings to link growth and foliar nutrient concentrations to local vegetation cover, mycorrhization rate and mycorrhizal communities associated with balsam fir roots. We found that foliar nutrient concentrations and ramification indices (colonization by mycorrhiza per length of root) were greater in trembling aspen stands and were positively correlated to apical and lateral growth of balsam fir saplings. In black spruce stands, the presence of ericaceous shrubs near balsam fir saplings affected ectomycorrhizal communities associated with tree roots which in turn negatively correlated with N foliar concentrations. Our results reveal that fungal communities observed under aspen are drivers of balsam fir early growth and nutrition in boreal forest stands and may facilitate ecotone migration in a context of climate change.
Ungulate herbivores as drivers of Aspen recruitment and understory composition throughout arid Montane landscapes
Herbivory by wild and domestic ungulates can influence tree recruitment and understory forest communities throughout the world. Herbivore-driven declines in tree recruitment have been observed for quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), a foundation species whose health and management is recognized as a critical priority throughout much of its range. Livestock fencing is commonly used to promote aspen regeneration, but its effectiveness is rarely assessed, especially across large spatial scales. Using a livestock-reduction experiment, we evaluated the effects of ungulate herbivory on aspen in the Great Basin and southern Cascades, an expansive and environmentally heterogeneous region where aspen faces the interacting threats of climate change, conifer encroachment, and herbivory. We found that livestock fencing only reduced the intensity of herbivore browsing on aspen when wild ungulate abundance was low, and did not increase stem densities of aspen recruits. Contrary to expectations, wild ungulate abundance was a strong driver of browsing intensity on juvenile aspen within fenced, but not unfenced aspen stands, and when the abundance of these herbivores was high, browsing intensity in fenced stands exceeded that in unfenced stands. The density of aspen recruits decreased with browsing intensity on juvenile aspen and with the density of both adult aspen and conifers, suggesting that both herbivory and intra- and interspecific competition are important drivers of recruitment. Fire history was also an important driver of recruitment, with stands that burned 10-20 years ago having the greatest density of aspen recruits. Finally, in the stand understory, we found that livestock fencing decreased forb cover, increased shrub species richness, and increased the cover of exotic annual grasses, a group dominated by Bromus tectorum. This latter finding suggests that livestock fencing may not be appropriate in areas where controlling the spread of this invader is a priority. In sum, our findings indicate that aspen recruitment is limited by browsing by both wild and domestic ungulates, is mediated by competition with neighboring trees and fire history, and will require management actions beyond livestock fencing, as this approach does not control browsing by wild ungulates.
On following pages: 4. Greater Striped Shrew (Sorex cylindricauda); 5. Lesser Striped Shrew (Sorex bedfordiae), 6. Radde's 9. Azumi Shrew (Sorex hosonoi): 10. Slender Shrew (Sorex gracillimus); 11. Laxmann's Shrew (Sorex caecutiens); 12. Shinto Shrew (Sorex sinalis): 16. Common Shrew (Sorex araneus); 17. Iberian Shrew (Sorex granarius); 18. Valais Shrew (Sorex Shrew (Sorex daphaenodon); 22. Gansu Shrew (Sorex cansulus); 23. Tundra Shrew (Sorex tundrensis); 24. Tian Shan Shrew (Sorex maritimensis): 28. Eurasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex minutus); 29. Caucasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex volnuchini); 30. 33. Trowbridge's Shrew (Sorex trowbridgii); 34. Arizona Shrew (Sorex arizonae); 35. Merriam's Shrew (Sorex merriami) 39. San Cristobal Shrew (Sorex cristobalensis); 40. McCarthy's Shrew (Sorex mccarthy); 41. Salvin's Shrew (Sorex salvini Shrew (Sorex raddei); 7. Flat-skulled Shrew (Sorex roboratus); 8. Eurasian Least Shrew (Sorex minutissimus); Shrew (Sorex shinto); 13. Taiga Shrew (Sorex isodon); 14. Long-clawed Shrew (Sorex unguiculatus); 15. Chinese antinori); 19. Crowned Shrew (Sorex coronatus); 20. Caucasian Shrew (Sorex satunini); 21. Siberian Large-toothed (Sorex aspen; 25. Apennine Shrew (Sorex samniticus); 26. Arctic Shrew (Sorex arcticus); 27. Maritime Shrew Buchara Shrew (Sorex buchariensis), 31. Tibetan Shrew (Sorex thibetanus); 32. Kashmir Shrew (Sorex planiceps);; 36. Alto Shrew (Sorex altoensis); 37. Jalisco Shrew (Sorex mediopua); 38. Saussure''s Shrew (Sorex saussurel);); 42. Sclater's Shrew (Sorex sclateri), 43. Pale-toothed Shrew (Sorex stizodon). in Soricidae
On following pages: 4. Greater Striped Shrew (Sorex cylindricauda); 5. Lesser Striped Shrew (Sorex bedfordiae), 6. Radde's 9. Azumi Shrew (Sorex hosonoi): 10. Slender Shrew (Sorex gracillimus); 11. Laxmann's Shrew (Sorex caecutiens); 12. Shinto Shrew (Sorex sinalis): 16. Common Shrew (Sorex araneus); 17. Iberian Shrew (Sorex granarius); 18. Valais Shrew (Sorex Shrew (Sorex daphaenodon); 22. Gansu Shrew (Sorex cansulus); 23. Tundra Shrew (Sorex tundrensis); 24. Tian Shan Shrew (Sorex maritimensis): 28. Eurasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex minutus); 29. Caucasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex volnuchini); 30. 33. Trowbridge's Shrew (Sorex trowbridgii); 34. Arizona Shrew (Sorex arizonae); 35. Merriam's Shrew (Sorex merriami) 39. San Cristobal Shrew (Sorex cristobalensis); 40. McCarthy's Shrew (Sorex mccarthy); 41. Salvin's Shrew (Sorex salvini Shrew (Sorex raddei); 7. Flat-skulled Shrew (Sorex roboratus); 8. Eurasian Least Shrew (Sorex minutissimus); Shrew (Sorex shinto); 13. Taiga Shrew (Sorex isodon); 14. Long-clawed Shrew (Sorex unguiculatus); 15. Chinese antinori); 19. Crowned Shrew (Sorex coronatus); 20. Caucasian Shrew (Sorex satunini); 21. Siberian Large-toothed (Sorex aspen; 25. Apennine Shrew (Sorex samniticus); 26. Arctic Shrew (Sorex arcticus); 27. Maritime Shrew Buchara Shrew (Sorex buchariensis), 31. Tibetan Shrew (Sorex thibetanus); 32. Kashmir Shrew (Sorex planiceps);; 36. Alto Shrew (Sorex altoensis); 37. Jalisco Shrew (Sorex mediopua); 38. Saussure''s Shrew (Sorex saussurel);); 42. Sclater's Shrew (Sorex sclateri), 43. Pale-toothed Shrew (Sorex stizodon).
Growth-defense tradeoffs shape the genetic composition of aspen forests
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>All organisms experience fundamental conflicts between divergent metabolic processes. In plants, a pivotal conflict occurs between allocation to growth, which accelerates resource acquisition, and to defense, which protects existing tissue against herbivory. Tradeoffs between growth and defense traits are not universally observed, and a fundamental prediction of plant evolutionary ecology is that context-dependence of these tradeoffs contributes to the maintenance of intraspecific variation in defense. This prediction has rarely been tested, however, and the evolutionary consequences of growth-defense tradeoffs in different environments are poorly understood. Here we show that intraspecific trait tradeoffs interact with competitive environment to drive natural selection of tree genotypes corresponding to their growth-defense phenotypes. Our results show for the first time that a functional trait tradeoff, when coupled with environmental variation, causes real-time divergence in the genetic architecture of forest stands. Specifically, competitive selection for faster growth resulted in dominance by fast-growing tree genotypes that were poorly defended against natural enemies. This outcome is a signature example of eco-evolutionary dynamics: competitive interactions affected microevolutionary trajectories on a timescale relevant to subsequent ecological interactions. Eco-evolutionary drivers of tree growth and defense are thus critical to stand-level trait variation, which structures communities and ecosystems over expansive spatiotemporal scales.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Aspen Plus v12 models for design a project-based learning on developing a novel technology for slurry management
<p>Preliminary investigation on the likelihood of trapping CO<sub>2</sub> and NH<sub>3</sub>, which are emitted at a rate of 132 mg/h and up to 5.1 – 510 mg/h during the storage of manure at 25 °C, in brines of NaCl and CaCl<sub>2</sub> was conducted in Aspen Plus® v12. The supersaturated solution of 0.5 kg H<sub>2</sub>O and 10 kg salt was considered to account for any possible absorption in the liquid film that is generated during the deliquescence phenomenon. Only in the case of using the CaCl<sub>2</sub> as dehydrating agent (anhydrous salt) in the prototype, the simulation in the commercial package predicted the absorption of CO<sub>2</sub> and NH<sub>3</sub> and formation of CaCO<sub>3</sub> and NH<sub>4</sub>Cl. On the other hand, the extents of formation of NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, and even NH<sub>4</sub>HCO<sub>3</sub> or NH<sub>4</sub>COONH<sub>2</sub> were found to be negligible under the conditions that the prototype operates. Prediction of the solubilities of NaCl, NH<sub>4</sub>Cl, NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, CaCO<sub>3</sub>, Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>, CaCl<sub>2</sub>, CaCl<sub>2</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O, CaCl<sub>2</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O, CaCl<sub>2</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O, and CaCl<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O in the temperature range 0 – 100 °C at 1 atm.</p>
A Study of Evorpacept (ALX148) in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors and Lymphoma (ASPEN-01)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03013218. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.
Single Treatment of DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection in Adults With Isolated Cervical Dystonia (ASPEN-1)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03608397. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 9. Publications: 1.
Liposomal Amphotericin B (AmBisome) Pharmacokinetics Given as a Single Intravenous Dose to Obese Patients (ASPEN)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02320604. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Monitoring Symptoms to Help Young Women Take Hormone Therapy for Stage I-III Breast Cancer, ASPEN Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05568472. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.
Efficacy of the ASPEN Intervention Program in Low-Resource Communities
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04505488. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Repeat Treatments of DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection in Adults With Isolated Cervical Dystonia (ASPEN-OLS)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03617367. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 9. Publications: 1.
A Study of Evorpacept (ALX148) With Venetoclax and Azacitidine for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (ASPEN-05)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04755244. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Populations of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) with different evolutionary histories differ in their climate occupancy
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Data from: Spatiotemporal fire dynamics in mixed-conifer and aspen forests in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado, USA
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Data from: Facilitation of balsam fir by trembling aspen in the boreal forest: do ectomycorrhizal communities matter?
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