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FIGURE 14. Parastacus defossus Faxon 1898 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 14. Parastacus defossus Faxon 1898 (FC-UDELAR w/n): A— epistome; B— thoracic sternites and gonopores; C— thoracomere 8, caudal view; D— antennal scale, lateral view; E— mandible; F— third maxilliped, ventral view; G— third maxilliped, dorsal view; H— first pereiopod, lateral view; I— first pereiopod, dorsal view; J— second pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars: A, I— 3.33 mm; B, C, F, G, H, J— 5 mm; D, E— 2.5 mm.

FIGURE 12 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 12. Parastacus nicoleti (Philippi, 1882). A— Specimen deposited in the UFRGS collection (UFRGS 2405); B— living specimen; C— chimney; D— habitat, Vegas or hualves in Chile. Photos B— D by Luis Amador.

FIGURE 44 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 44. Parastacus quasimodo sp. nov., holotype and paratypes: A— epistome (holotype, MZUSP 45370); B— thoracic sternites and gonopores (holotype); C— thoracomere 8, caudal view (holotype, MZUSP 45370); D— antennal scale, lateral view (paratype 2, UFRGS 6440); E— mandible (paratype 2, UFRGS 6440); F— third maxilliped, ventral view (paratype 1, UFRGS 6440); G— third maxilliped, dorsal view (paratype 1); H— first pereiopod, lateral view (holotype, MZUSP 45370); I— first pereiopod, dorsal view (holotype, MZUSP 45370); J— second pereiopod, lateral view (holotype, MZUSP 45370). Scale bars: A, C— 2.5 mm; B, I— 5 mm; D, E— 2 mm; F, G— 5 mm; H, J— 1 cm.

FIGURE 42 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 42. Parastacus manezinho sp. nov., distribution in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.

FIGURE 40 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 40. Parastacus manezinho sp. nov., holotype and paratypes: A— epistome (holotype, MZUSP 45369); B— thoracic sternites and gonopores (holotype, MZUSP 45369); C— thoracomere 8, caudal view (holotype, MZUSP 45369); D— antennal scale, lateral view (paratype 2, UFRGS 6490); E— mandible (paratype 2, UFRGS 6490); F— third maxilliped, ventral view (paratype 1, UFRGS 6489); G— third maxilliped, dorsal view (paratype 1, UFRGS 6489); H— first pereiopod, lateral view (holotype); I— first pereiopod, dorsal view (holotype, MZUSP 45369); J— second pereiopod, lateral view (holotype). Scale bars: A, J, C— 3,33 mm; B, I— 5 mm; F, G— 2,5 mm; E, D— 1,5 mm; H— 10 mm.

FIGURE 28 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 28. Parastacus pilicarpus Huber, Ribeiro & Araujo, 2018: living specimen in aquarium. Photo by Caio Feltrin.

FIGURE 29 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 29. Parastacus macanudo Huber, Rockhill, Araujo & Ribeiro, 2020: living specimen in nature.

FIGURE 11 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 11. Parastacus brasiliensis (von Martens, 1869), habitat and living specimens: A— habitat, stream in the municipality of Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; B— burrow opening with chimney; C— living specimen, ovigerous female dorsal view; D— living specimen. White arrow indicates the chimney.

FIGURE 9 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 9. Parastacus brasiliensis (von Martens, 1869): A— habitus, dorsal view (UFRGS 5868); B— cephalon, dorsal view (UFRGS 5866); C— cephalon, lateral view (UFRGS 5868); D— female pleonal somites, dorsal view (UFRGS 278); E— first to third male pleonal pleurae (UFRGS 5868); F— first to third female pleonal pleura (UFRGS 278); G— tailfan (UFRGS 5868). Scale bars: A, D, E, G— 10 mm; B, C, F— 5 mm.

FIGURE 10 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 10. Parastacus brasiliensis (von Martens, 1869): A— epistome (UFRGS 278); B— thoracic sternites and gonopores (UFRGS 5868); C— thoracomere 8, caudal view (UFRGS 278); D— antennal scale, lateral view (UFRGS 5868); E— mandible (UFRGS 5868); F— third maxilliped, ventral view (UFRGS 278); G— third maxilliped, dorsal view (paratype 4 UFRGS 278); H— first pereiopod, lateral view (UFRGS 276); I— first pereiopod, dorsal view (UFRGS 278); J— second pereiopod, lateral view (UFRGS 5868). Scale bars: A, C, F, G, I, J— 5 mm; B, H— 10 mm; D, E— 3.33 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 8. Parastacus pilimanus (von Martens, 1869), living specimen and habitat: A— living specimen; B— habitat, wetland in the municipality of Uruguaiana, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; C— burrow opening with chimney. White arrow indicates burrow opening. Scale bar: A— 10 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 7. Parastacus pilimanus (von Martens, 1869): A— epistome (UFRGS 277); B— thoracic sternites and gonopores (UFRGS 277); C— thoracomere 8, caudal view (UFRGS 277); D— antennal scale, lateral view (UFRGS 277); E— mandible (UFRGS 277); F— third maxilliped, ventral view (UFRGS 277); G— third maxilliped, dorsal view (paratype 4); H— first pereiopod, lateral view (UFRGS 277); I— first pereiopod, dorsal view (UFRGS 277); J— second pereiopod, lateral view (UFRGS 277). Scale bars: A, C, F, G, I, J— 5 mm; B, H— 1 cm; D, E— 2.5 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 4. Parastacus pugnax (Poeppig, 1835): A— habitus, dorsal view (UFRGS 726); B— cephalon, dorsal view (UFRGS 726); C— cephalon, lateral view (UFRGS 726); D— female pleonal somites, dorsal view (UFRGS 2407); E— first to third male pleonal pleura (UFRGS 726); F— first to third female pleonal pleura (UFRGS 2407); G— tailfan (UFRGS 726). Scale bars: A, E— 10 mm; B, C, D, F, G— 5 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 2. Morphological characters used for species description of the appendages of the freshwater crayfish genus Parastacus. A— antennal scale; B— mandible; C— third maxilliped, ventral view; D— cheliped, lateral view; E— cheliped, dorsal view; F— second pereiopod, lateral view; G— tailfan. ca = carpus, cd = crista dentata, cdc = cephalodistal cusp, cmp = cephalic molar process, cdc = cephalodistal cusp, da = dactylus, ddls = diaresis dorsolateral spines, dl = distal lobe, dm = distal margin, dpc = distoproximal cusp, dspa = dorsal surface of palm, en = endopod, enmc = endopod median carina, ex = exopod, exmc = exopod median carina, exls = exopod lateral spine, f = flagellum, ff = fixed finger, il = incisor lobe, im = inner margin, is = ischium, lg = longitudinal groove, lm = lateral margin, ls = lateral spine, me = merus, p = palp, pa = palm, pl = proximal lobe, pr = propodus, rt = row of tubercles, s = spine, se = setae, te = telson, t = tubercle, vspa = ventral surface of palm.

FIGURE 5 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 5. Parastacus pugnax (Poeppig, 1835): A— epistome (UFRGS 2407); B— thoracic sternites and gonopores (UFRGS 726); C— thoracomere 8, caudal view (UFRGS 726); D— antennal scale, lateral view (UFRGS 726); E— mandible (UFRGS 726); F— third maxilliped, ventral view (UFRGS 726); G— third maxilliped, dorsal view (UFRGS 726); H— first pereiopod, lateral view (UFRGS 726); I— first pereiopod, dorsal view (UFRGS 726); J— second pereiopod, lateral view (UFRGS 726). Scale bars: A, C, D, H, I— 5 mm; B— 10 mm; F, G, J— 3.33 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species

FIGURE 1. Morphological characters used for species description of the body parts of the freshwater crayfish genus Parastacus: A— habitus; B— Cephalon lateral view; C— first to third pleonal pleurae; D— epistome; E— thoracic sternites; F— thoracomere 8 caudal view. a1 = antennule, a2 = antenna, als = anterolateral section, aml = anteromedian lobe, Are = areola, as = antennal scale, bcg = branchiostegal groove, bl = bullar lobes, cg = cervical groove, Ct = Cephalothorax, di = diaresis, end = endopod, exo = exopod, ey = eye, fg = female gonopore, lg = longitudinal groove, lp = lateral process, ls = lateral spine, mcp = male cuticle partition, mg = male gonopore, mk = median keel, np = nephropore, pcg = postcervical groove, pls = posterolateral section, pp = protopod, p1 (che) = pereopod 1 (cheliped), p2 = pereopod 2, p3 = pereopod 3, p4 = pereopod 4, p5 = pereopod 5, Pl = pleon, poc = post orbital carina, ra = rostral apex, rc = rostral carina, ro = rostrum, rs = rostrum spine, soa = suborbital angle, sb = sternopleural bridge, SI, II, III = pleonal somite I, II and III, Te = telson, uro = uropod, va = vertical arm.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Pseudione Kossmann, 1881 (Isopoda, Cymothoida, Bopyridae) parasitizing the lobster Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881 (Decapoda, Astacidea, Nephropidae) in the Southwestern Atlantic

FIGURE 4. Distribution of the species of Pseudione Kossmann, 1881 that parasite Nephropidae lobsters.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Pseudione Kossmann, 1881 (Isopoda, Cymothoida, Bopyridae) parasitizing the lobster Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881 (Decapoda, Astacidea, Nephropidae) in the Southwestern Atlantic

FIGURE 2. Pseudione ivanklini sp. nov., female holotype and paratype: A, habitus dorsal view (MZUSP 38163); B, habitus ventral view (MZUSP 38163); C, antennula (MZUSP 38163); D, antenna (MZUSP 38163); E, barbula left side (MZUSP 38163); F, maxilliped, outer view (paratype, MZUSP 38165); G, maxilliped palp (MZUSP 38165); H, maxilliped spur (MZUSP 38165); I, oostegite 1, outer view (MZUSP 38163); J, oostegite 1, inner view (MZUSP 38163); K, left pereopod 1 (MZUSP 38163); L, left pereopod 7 (MZUSP 38163). Scale bars: A and B = 3.33 mm; C = 0.25mm; D and G = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm; F, K and L = 1.00 mm; H = 0.3 mm; I and J = 1.5 mm.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Pseudione Kossmann, 1881 (Isopoda, Cymothoida, Bopyridae) parasitizing the lobster Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881 (Decapoda, Astacidea, Nephropidae) in the Southwestern Atlantic

FIGURE 1. Pseudione ivanklini sp. nov., host, holotype and male paratype: A, host Nephropsis aculeata (Smith, 1881) with the parasites in the right branchial chamber (UFRGS 6584); B, mature female ventral view (holotype, MZUSP 38163) bearing a dwarf male in the pleon; C, dwarf male dorsal view (paratype, MZUSP 38164). Abbreviations: p = parasites; ma = marsupium; dm = dwarf male. Scale bars: A = 2.5 cm; B = 3.3 mm and C = 1.5 mm.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Pseudione Kossmann, 1881 (Isopoda, Cymothoida, Bopyridae) parasitizing the lobster Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881 (Decapoda, Astacidea, Nephropidae) in the Southwestern Atlantic

FIGURE 3. Pseudione ivanklini sp. nov., male paratype (MZUSP 38164): A, habitus ventral view; B, habitus dorsal view; C, antennula; D, antenna; E, left pereopod 1; F, left pereopod 7. Scale bars: A and B = 1.5 mm; C and D = 0.1 mm; E and F = 0.25 mm.