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83 results for “Biodiversity loss”
Data from: Interactive effects of climate change and biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning
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Data and R code from: Fire-induced loss of the world’s most biodiverse forests in Latin America
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Data from: Mauritius on fire: tracking historical human impacts on biodiversity loss
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Up in the air: threats to Afromontane biodiversity from climate change and habitat loss revealed by genetic monitoring of the Ethiopian Highlands bat
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Data from: From a line in the sand to a landscape of decisions: a Hierarchical Diversity Decision Framework (HiDDeF) for estimating and communicating biodiversity loss along anthropogenic gradients
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Data from: Overlooked biodiversity loss in tropical smallholder agriculture
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Data from: Spending limited resources on de-extinction could lead to net biodiversity loss
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Data from: Direct and indirect effects of invasive species: biodiversity loss is a major mechanism by which an invasive tree affects ecosystem functioning
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Data from: Continental divide: predicting climate-mediated fragmentation and biodiversity loss in the boreal forest
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Biodiversity-productivity relationships in a natural grassland community vary under diversity loss scenarios
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Raw data for: "Abrupt declines marine phytoplankton production driven by warming and biodiversity loss in a microcosm experiment"
<p><strong>Raw data for the article:</strong> Bestion, E, Barton, S, García, FC, Warfield, R, Yvon-Durocher, G (2020). Abrupt declines in marine phytoplankton production driven by warming and biodiversity loss in a microcosm experiment. Ecology Letters. 2020.</p> <p><br> <strong>This data should be cited as:</strong> Bestion, E, Barton, S, García, FC, Warfield, R, Yvon-Durocher, G (2020). Raw data for: "Abrupt declines marine phytoplankton production driven by warming and biodiversity loss in a microcosm experiment" [Data set]. Bestion et al 2020 Ecology Letters. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3555223<br> -----------------------------</p> <p><strong>The data is composed of two datasets:</strong><br> -----------------------------------------<br> - Biodiversity_ecosystem_function_data.csv<br> - Cell_traits_data.csv</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Composition of the Biodiversity ecosystem function dataset</strong><br> ------------------------------------------------------------<br> The dataset contains 27 columns<br> - Temperature: the temperature treatment, either 15, 25or 30°C<br> - R: the community richness (1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 species)<br> - log2_R: the log2-scaled richness<br> - M: the community identity (e.g. ABCD is a community composed of 4 species, species A, B, C and D)<br> - P: the partition id (5 independent partitions of the species pool were drawn, following Bell et al 2009)<br> - Q: the partitioned species pool id (following Bell et al 2009)<br> - R: the replicate id (3 replicates per community within a partition, named 1 to 3)<br> - SA to SP: the species presence-absence status for each of the 16 species (species A to species P), with 1: species present within the community, 0: species absent<br> - Abundance: number of cells per ml at the end of the experiment<br> - ln_Abundance: log-transformed Abundance<br> - Chl_a : chlorophyll a content at the end of the experiment in pg ml-1<br> - ln_Chl_a : log-transformed chlorophyll a</p> <p><br> <strong>Composition of the Cell traits dataset</strong><br> -----------------------------------------<br> The dataset contains 9 columns<br> - Species_alpha: the alphanumeric id of the species used in the Biodiversity ecosystem function dataset<br> - Species_name: species identity<br> - Phylum: the phylum<br> - ln.c: the ln transformed metabolic rate b(Tc) at the reference temperature Tc = 293.15°K from the Sharpe-Schoolfield equation (eq. 4 in the article) in µgO2 cell-1 hour-1<br> - Ea: the activation energy (eV) from the Sharpe-Schoolfield equation<br> - Eh: the deactivation energy (eV) from the Sharpe-Schoolfield equation<br> - Th: the temperature at which half of the enzyme have become non functional (°K) from the Scharpe-Schoolfield equation<br> - Topt: the optimum temperature from differentiating the Sharpe-Schoolfield equation. It is presented in °C to be easier to link to the temperature treatments in the experiment<br> - cell_volume: the cell volume, in µm3</p>
Data from: Community disassembly and disease: realistic – but not randomized – biodiversity losses enhance parasite transmission
Debates over the relationship between biodiversity and disease dynamics underscore the need for a more mechanistic understanding of how changes in host community composition influence parasite transmission. Focusing on interactions between larval amphibians and trematode parasites, we experimentally contrasted the effects of host richness and species composition to identify the individual and joint contributions of both parameters on the infection levels of three trematode species. By combining experimental approaches with field surveys from 147 ponds, we further evaluated how richness effects differed between randomized and realistic patterns of species loss (i.e., community disassembly). Our results indicated that community-level changes in infection levels were due to host species composition, rather than richness. However, when composition patterns mirrored empirical observations along a natural assembly gradient, each added host species reduced infection success by 12 to 55%. No such effects occurred when assemblages were randomized. Mechanistically, these patterns were due to non-random host species assembly/disassembly: while highly competent species predominated in low diversity systems, less susceptible hosts became progressively more common as richness increased. These findings highlight the potential for combining information on host traits and assembly patterns to forecast diversity-mediated changes in multi-host disease systems.
Data from: Replanting of first-cycle oil palm results in a second wave of biodiversity loss
1. Conversion of forest to oil palm plantations results in a significant loss of biodiversity. Despite this, first-cycle oil palm plantations can sustain relatively high biodiversity compared to other crops. However, the long-term effects of oil palm agriculture on flora and fauna are unknown. Oil palm has a 25-year commercial lifespan before it must be replanted, due to reduced productivity and difficulty of harvesting. Loss of the complex vegetation structure of oil palm plantations during the replanting process will likely have impacts on the ecosystem at a local and landscape scale. However, the effect of replanting on biodiversity is poorly understood. 2 Here, we investigate the effects of replanting oil palm on soil macrofauna communities. We assessed ordinal richness, abundance and community composition of soil macrofauna in first (25-27-years-old) and second-cycle oil palm (freshly cleared, 1-year-old, 3-year-old and 7-year-old mature). 3. Macrofauna abundance and richness drastically declined immediately after replanting. Macrofauna richness showed some recovery 7-years after replanting, but was still 19% lower than first-cycle oil palm. Macrofauna abundance recovered to similar levels to that of first-cycle oil palm plantations, one-year after replanting. This was mainly due to high ant abundance, possibly due to the increased understory vegetation as herbicides are not used at this age. However, there were subsequent declines in macrofauna abundance 3 and 7-years after replanting, resulting in a 59% drop in macrofauna abundance compared to first-cycle levels. Furthermore, soil macrofauna community composition in all ages of second-cycle oil palm was different to first-cycle plantations, with decomposers suffering particular declines. 4. After considerable biodiversity loss due to forest conversion for oil palm; belowground invertebrate communities suffer a second wave of biodiversity loss due to replanting. This is likely to have serious implications for soil invertebrate diversity and agricultural sustainability in oil palm landscapes, due to the vital ecosystem functions that soil macrofauna provide.
Data from: Testing the scaling effects and mechanisms of N-induced biodiversity loss: evidence from a decade-long grassland experiment
Although extensive studies demonstrate that nitrogen (N) enrichment frequently reduces plant diversity within small quadrats (0.5 –4 m2), only a few studies have evaluated N effects on biodiversity across different spatial scales. We conducted the first experimental test of the scale dependence of N effects on species richness from a 10-year N treatment (1.75- 28 g N m−2 yr−1) in a typical steppe. We used species area relationship (SAR) to analyze the scale dependence of species loss with power model S = cAz (S is species number, A is area, c is intercept, and z is slope). Absolute species loss decreased at sampling area > 8 m2. Proportional species loss (compared to control) decreased and critical threshold (Ncrit) for biodiversity losses increased with sampling areas. These scale dependences were quantified as increasing slope (z-value) of SAR with N addition. Through SAR decomposition, we found that this overall positive effect was in response to positive effects of changes to the species abundance distribution over negative effects of overall species richness losses. Synthesis. As nitrogen (N) enrichment typically occurs at scales much larger than individual plots, understanding how N enrichment affects the scaling patterns of biodiversity is necessary for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management in response to anthropogenic N deposition.
Data from: Local biodiversity erosion in South Brazilian grasslands under moderate levels of landscape habitat loss
1.Habitat loss is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity, exerting negative effects on the ecological viability of natural vegetation remnants. The South Brazilian grasslands belong to one of the largest temperate grassland regions in the world, but have lost 50% of their natural extent in the past 35 years. To date, there is no empirical evidence for the effects of habitat loss on these grasslands' biological diversity, undermining their conservation. 2.Using data from a large-scale biodiversity survey, we asked if local plant communities respond to levels of habitat loss representative of the entire region (≤50%). Vegetation in grassland remnants was sampled in 24 landscapes at three localities each, using 9 plots per locality. To investigate whether species losses were a consequence of stochastic or nonrandom local extinctions and whether plant communities became more homogenized, we evaluated species richness, beta-diversity components (spatial turnover and nestedness), and phylogenetic diversity, in respect to landscape change. In part of the landscapes, arthropods were sampled to investigate if loss of plant diversity had a cascading effect on other trophic levels. We evaluated generic richness of ants, an omnivore group with high levels of plant associations, in respect to a plant community's phylogenetic diversity. 3.Local plant communities in landscapes with less grassland cover had fewer species, less spatial turnover, increased nestedness and lower phylogenetic diversity. Our results suggest that the observed species loss can be linked to taxonomic homogenization and is nonrandom, decreasing evolutionary diversity within the community. Furthermore, ant richness declined by 50% in plant communities with the lowest phylogenetic diversity, suggesting that effects of habitat loss propagate to higher trophic levels. 4.Policy implications. We conclude that the biological diversity of South Brazilian grasslands, at the producer and consumer level, is at risk under the current rate of land use conversion, even at habitat losses below 50%. To avoid substantial biodiversity loss, conservation and more restrictive policies for conversion of native grasslands to different land uses in South Brazil are urgent.
Data from: Community disassembly and disease: realistic – but not randomized – biodiversity losses enhance parasite transmission
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Data from: Predicting biodiversity loss in island and countryside ecosystems through the lens of taxonomic and functional biogeography
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Data from: Testing the scaling effects and mechanisms of N-induced biodiversity loss: evidence from a decade-long grassland experiment
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Data from: Replanting of first-cycle oil palm results in a second wave of biodiversity loss
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Data from: Local biodiversity erosion in South Brazilian grasslands under moderate levels of landscape habitat loss
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.