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97 results for “Bird Range”
Seasonal variation in community composition and distributional ranges of birds along a subtropical elevation gradient in China
<p><strong>Aim</strong><br> Seasonal variation in community composition and species distributional ranges along elevational gradients remain poorly known but are essential to inform conservation. In this study, we aim to understand how species richness, community composition, and elevational ranges of montane birds change between the breeding and the non-breeding season.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong><br> The east slope of the southern Gaoligong Mountains, Yunnan, southwestern China, elevational range: 700 - 3400 m a.s.l.; latitudinal range: 24°56´- 26°09´ N.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong><br> We compared bird species richness and community composition in nine 300-m elevational bands in the breeding (April - May) and non-breeding (December - January) seasons. We also calculated seasonal elevational shifts of 97 species with sufficient data recorded in both seasons and assessed how species' traits influenced these shifts.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong><br> Species richness declined in high and low elevations between the breeding and non-breeding season. The temporal beta diversity shift from the breeding to the non-breeding season was mainly caused by species losses rather than species gains in high- and low- elevation communities. Communities in middle elevations showed a contrasting pattern, with seasonal composition change resulting mainly from species gains. We also found that species' seasonal distribution shifts were mainly associated with breeding elevation and diet. Notably, high- and middle-elevation breeders and insectivores significantly shifted their elevational ranges downslope in the non-breeding season. In addition, species that participate in mixed-species flocks and that rely on forests also showed significant downslope shifts in the non-breeding season.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions</strong><br> These results show complex patterns of the interconnectedness of bird communities along the elevational gradient. Keeping forests at middle elevations intact appears especially important as they are used in winter by species that breed at both high and middle elevations. Furthermore, our results suggested conservation actions maintaining connectedness in low and middle elevations are urgently needed to conserve regional biodiversity and highlight the importance of seasonality in montane ecosystem research.</p>
Body temperature is a repeatable trait in a free-ranging passerine bird
<p><span>Body temperature (T<sub>b</sub>) affects animal function through its influence on rates of biochemical and biophysical reactions, the molecular structures of proteins and tissues, metabolic rate, and ultimately, organismal performance. Despite its importance in driving physiological processes, there are few data on how much variation in T<sub>b</sub> exists within populations of organisms, and whether this variation consistently differs among individuals over time (i.e., repeatability of a trait). Understanding the repeatability of T<sub>b</sub> is important for predicting how animal populations will respond to climatic warming, given that endotherms maintain T<sub>b</sub> that are close to the upper lethal threshold. </span> Here, we quantified the repeatability of <span>T<sub>b</sub>, both in the context of a fixed average environment (~21</span>°C) environment and across ambient temperatures, in a free-living population of tree swallows (<em>Tachycineta bicolor</em>). by experimentally trimming the ventral plumage of a subset of female swallows, we also asked whether the repeatability of T<span><sub>b</sub> is influenced by the capacity to dissipate body heat. </span>We found that the T<sub>b</sub> of both female and male tree swallows was highly repeatable at <span>21</span>°C, and with increasing ambient temperatures. The repeatability of female T<sub>b</sub> did not differ as a function of heat dissipation capacity, thereby supporting the hypothesis that individual performance is limited by the capacity to dissipate body heat. To our knowledge, our study is the first to provide evidence that T<sub>b</sub> is a repeatable trait in a free-living bird, and that avian T<sub>b</sub> could therefore be responsive to natural selection.</p>
Data from: Colour-variable birds have broader ranges, wider niches and are less likely to be threatened
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Data from: Partial support for the central–marginal hypothesis within a population: reduced genetic diversity but not increased differentiation at the range edge of an island endemic bird
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Data from: Range-wide spatial mapping reveals convergent character displacement of bird song
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Data from: Bird migratory flyways influence the phylogeography of the invasive brine shrimp Artemia franciscana in its native American range
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Tolerance niche expansion and potential distribution prediction during Asian openbill bird range expansion
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Data from: Determinants of northerly range limits along the Himalayan bird diversity gradient
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Data from: Rapid, complete reproductive isolation in two closely-related Zosterops White-eye bird species despite broadly overlapping ranges
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Data from: Constraints on fruit-tracking by birds at the range edge
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Data for: Maternal glucocorticoid levels during incubation predict breeding success, but not reproductive investment, in a free-ranging bird
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Body temperature is a repeatable trait in a free-ranging passerine bird
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Data from: Range expansion and retraction along a moving contact zone has no effect on the genetic diversity of two passerine birds
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Data from: Home-range size of an Andean bird: assessing the role of physical condition
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Data from: Non-breeding range size predicts the magnitude of population trends in trans-Saharan migratory passerine birds
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Tree mixtures increase bird taxonomic and functional diversity over pure stands of tree species planted outside their natural range—but not over pure native stands
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Data from: Geographical barriers and dispersal propensity interact to limit range expansions of Himalayan birds
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A highly invasive malaria parasite has expanded its range to non-migratory birds in North America
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Seasonal variation in community composition and distributional ranges of birds along a subtropical elevation gradient in China
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Code from: The role of intrinsic factors in explaining range shifts of European breeding birds: A meta-analysis
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