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571 results for “Brightness”
Telecentric bright-field transmitted light microscopic dataset
<p>Living cell segmentation from bright-field light microscopic images is challenging due to the image complexity and temporal changes in the living cells. Recently developed deep learning (DL)-based methods became popular in medical and microscopic image segmentation tasks due to their success and promising outcomes. The main objective of this paper is to develop a deep learning, UNet-based method to segment the living cells of the HeLa line in bright-field transmitted light microscopy. To find the most suitable architecture for our datasets, we have proposed a residual attention U-Net and compared it with an attention and a simple U-Net architecture. The attention mechanism highlights the remarkable features and suppresses activations in the irrelevant image regions. The residual mechanism overcomes with vanishing gradient problem. The Mean-IoU score for our datasets reaches 0.9505, 0.9524, and 0.9530 for the simple, attention, and residual attention U-Net, respectively. We achieved the most accurate semantic segmentation results in the Mean-IoU and Dice metrics by applying the residual and attention mechanisms together. The watershed method applied to this best – Residual Attention – semantic segmentation result gave the segmentation with the specific information for each cell.</p>
Molecular factors determining brightness in fluorescence-encoded infrared vibrational spectroscopy
<p>Uploaded to this link are the datasets used for calculating the FEIR activities of the normal modes of ten coumarins studied in this work. We recommend going through the readme file (readme_file.txt), which should guide the reader through the data files.</p>
Spotlight on AUST: Shining Bright Among Universities in Lebanon
<p>AUST is renowned as one of the top <a href="https://www.aust.edu.lb/">universities in Lebanon</a>. AUST stands proudly with its diversified faculties, fostering a dynamic learning environment that nurtures creativity, critical thinking, and global perspectives. With a commitment to shaping future leaders, AUST offers a transformative educational experience, uniting knowledge and innovation.</p>
Fig. 4 in Spatial distribution of radar bright band intensity
Fig. 4 ― Variation of BBI and rainfall with latitude in (a) May 2007, and (b) February 2008
Fig. 5 in Spatial distribution of radar bright band intensity
Fig. 5 ― Variation of BBI and rainfall with latitude on (a) 1 March 2007, and (b) 15 January 2008
Fig. 1 in Spatial distribution of radar bright band intensity
Fig. 1 ― (a – l) North-South migration of BBImn with the season
Fig. 2 in Spatial distribution of radar bright band intensity
Fig. 2 ― Occurrence of the monthly average (a) BBImx, and (b) BBImn
Image data of bright deposits in permanently shadowed craters on Ceres
<p>These are image data described in "Spectral properties of bright deposits in permanently shadowed craters on Ceres" by Schröder et al., published as Astronomy & Astrophysics 688 (2024) A178, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450247. The data correspond to the permanently shadowed craters on Ceres shown in Figs. 2 to 6 in the paper.</p> <p>There is a data set for each of the following permanently shadowed regions: NP04, NP05, NP07, and SP01. Each data set consists of 4 parts: (1) unprojected images in IMG format (header + binary), (2) unprojected images in FITS format, (3) projected images in IMG format, and (4) projected images in FITS format. The images contain reflectance values (I/F) in floating-point format. They are corrected for in-field stray light and have been registered to a global shape model to correct minor pointing errors. The data files are equipped with a rudimentary header.</p> <p>File name syntax: In "FC21B0045550_15282040820F2D.IMG", "FC2" is the camera model, "45550" is the image number, and "F2" is the filter.</p>
Galaxy populations in the Hydra I cluster from the VEGAS survey III. The realm of low-surface brightness features and intra-cluster light
<p><span>This appendix provides the azimuthally-averaged surface bright</span><span>ness and colour profiles of the sample galaxies listed in Table 1 of the paper "Galaxy populations in the Hydra I cluster from the VEGAS survey III. The realm of low-surface brightness features and intra-cluster light", by <span>Marilena Spavone</span><span>,</span><span> Enrichetta Iodice</span><span>,</span><span> Felipe S. Lohmann</span><span>, Magda Arnaboldi</span><span>, Michael Hilker</span><span>, Antonio La </span><span>Marca</span><span>, Rosa Calvi</span><span>, Michele Cantiello</span><span>, Enrico M. Corsini</span><span>, Giuseppe D’Ago</span><span>, Duncan A. Forbes</span><span>, Marco </span><span>Mirabile</span><span>, and Marina Rejkuba.</span><br></span></p>
Supplement to "Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures"
<p>This data set is was used for the retrieval of ice water path of a precipitating frontal system west of the coast of Iceland using the millimeter/submillimeter radiometer International SubMillimetre Airborne Radiometer (ISMAR) and Microwave Airborne Radiometer Scanning System (MARSS) on board the (Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements) FAAM BAE-146.</p> <p>It is a supplement to the journal article "Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures", which will be published in Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT).</p> <p>The data set consists of</p> <ul> <li>the observed brightness temperatures of ISMAR and MARSS (FAAM_Flight_B897_radiometer-data.zip)</li> <li>the simulated brightness temperatures of ISMAR and MARSS and the corresponding atmospheric states (FAAM_Flight_B897_simulation.zip)</li> <li>the retrieval training database, which has been used to train the neural network retrieval.</li> </ul>
Brightness data in Rayleigh for OI 630.0 nm (red line) and OI 557.7 (green line) through the night of August 21-22, 2017 obtained using the HiT&MIS from Carbondale, IL
<p>This file contains brightness data in Rayleigh for OI 630.0 nm (red line), OI 557.7 (green line) and NeI 630.5 nm (cloud indicator) through the night of August 21-22, 2017 obtained using the HiT&MIS from Carbondale, IL.</p> <p>This is a python .npz file that contain numpy arrays with uncertainities, so you would need the uncertainties as well as the numpy modules for python.</p> <p>On python it can be opened up as follows:</p> <p>import numpy as np</p> <p>import uncertainties.unumpy as unp</p> <p>dload=np.load("<file location>/eclipse_night_final.npz")#brightnesses are saved as numpy array files<br> int630=dload["int630"] #630 nm red line brightness<br> int557=dload["int557"] #557.7 nm green line brightness<br> int6305=dload["int6305"]# Ne I 630.5 nm brightness for cloud activity<br> time=dload["time"] #capture times (Local times, Central Daylight time)</p> <p># uncertainities can be accessed as</p> <p>b630value=unp.nominal_values(int630) # 630 nm brightnesses values</p> <p>e630=unp.std_devs(int630)# 630 nm uncertainities.</p> <p> </p> <p>please email me at saurav_aryal@student.uml.edu if you have any questions.</p>
Dataset for paper "Surface brightness profile of the 3.5 keV line in the Milky Way halo"
<p>Summary of observations after cleaning.</p> <p>File naming: mw-xmm-obs-<region>.csv, where <region> identifies corresponding region bounds in arcmin.</p> <p>List of fields:<br> ObsId - XMM-Newton observation id<br> l - galactic longitude, degrees<br> b - galactic latitude, degrees<br> off-center - angular distance of the instrument pointing direction from the Galactic center, arcmin<br> Exposure - cleaned exposure of the MOS1/MOS2/PN cameras, ksec<br> FoV - spectra extraction regions of the MOS1/MOS2/PN spectra (field-of-view), arcmin^2</p>
Data for "Source Altitude of Energetic In-cloud Pulses Inside Thunderstorms and Implication for the Intrinsic Brightness of Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes"
<p>The spreadsheet contains detailed information for the EIP events analyzed in this work, including the time, location, peak current, distance to sensors, estimated source height, height error, etc. </p> <p>The compressed file in this dataset contains the low-frequency waveforms of EIPs measured by Duke and FIT sensors. The modeled skywaves are shown in the figures. The cross-correlation coefficient between the measured skywaves and the modeled waveforms of each event are also presented. </p> <p> </p>
pyEMAPS 4DSTEM Test Image - Annular Bright or Dark Field
<p>This file is required for one of pyEMAPS sample testing its 4DSTEM features: annular bright or dark field generation.</p> <p><strong>pyemaps</strong> package is a collection of python modules and libraries designed for transmission electron diffraction simulations and related crystallographic calculations for all crystal systems. The simulation is based on the theories of kinematical and dynamical electron diffraction, as described by Spence and Zuo in the book of Electron Microdiffraction (Plenum, New York, 1992). 4DSTEM features have also been added to the latest release. See <a title="pyEMAPS " href="https://emlab-solutions.github.io/pyemaps/overview.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">this</a> for details.</p>
Data from: Genome-wide variation in DNA methylation is associated with stress resilience and plumage brightness in a wild bird
Individuals often differ in their ability to cope with challenging environmental and social conditions. Evidence from model systems suggests that patterns of DNA methylation are associated with variation in coping ability. These associations could arise directly if methylation plays a role in controlling the physiological response to stressors by, among other things, regulating the release of glucocorticoids in response to challenges. Alternatively, the association could arise indirectly if methylation and resilience have a common cause, such as early life conditions. In either case, methylation might act as a biomarker for coping ability. At present, however, relatively little is known about whether variation in methylation is associated with organismal performance and resilience under natural conditions. We studied genome-wide patterns of DNA methylation in free-living female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) and a tree swallow genome that was assembled for this study. We identified areas of the genome that were differentially methylated with respect to social signal expression (breast brightness) and physiological traits (ability to terminate the glucocorticoid stress response through negative feedback). We also asked whether methylation predicted resilience to a subsequent experimentally imposed challenge. Individuals with brighter breast plumage and higher stress resilience had lower methylation at differentially methylated regions across the genome. Thus, widespread differences in methylation predicted both social signal expression and the response to future challenges under natural conditions. These results have implications for predicting individual differences in resilience, and for understanding the mechanistic basis of resilience and its environmental and social mediators.
Data from: Fifty shades of brown: Macroevolution of plumage brightness in the Furnariida, a large clade of drab Neotropical passerines
Both natural and sexual selection are thought to affect the evolution of bird color. Most studies of the topic have focused on sexually dichromatic taxa and showy plumages, which are expected to be more influenced by social selection and usually result in increased conspicuousness. However, many bird clades display dull brown or grey plumages that vary greatly in brightness (lightness), but little in hue (shade). Here, we examine the macroevolution of brightness in one such clade, the Furnariida. We make comparisons across light environments, body parts, and across monochromatic lineages and each sex of dichromatic lineages. We found that support for models including light environments is greater for the dorsum than for the venter, and that brightness evolution is more constrained in the latter than in the former. Plumages in this clade have evolved to be darker in darker habitats, consistent with natural selection for increased crypsis. Finally, the features of brightness macroevolution are broadly similar across the sexes of the dichromatic clade, challenging the view that sexual dichromatism is driven by different evolutionary processes acting in each sex. We conclude that, in the Furnariida, light environments and dorsal-ventral variation are more important than sex as axes of color evolution.
Bright Spots of Carbon Storage in Temperate Forests - Dataset
<p>This dataset accompanies the publication 'Bright Spots of Carbon Storage in Temperate Forests' in the Journal of Applied Ecology.</p> <p>1. Mitigating climate change is an urgent challenge for society. Increasing carbon storage in forests, which cover more than 30% of the global land surface, presents a key opportunity to meet this challenge. Although the biophysical and ecological factors that affect carbon storage have been well studied, the relative importance of social factors in privately owned forests, such as people’s goals and management actions, is less well understood.</p> <p>2. We examine how well typical biophysical and ecological variables can explain differences in aboveground carbon storage across 1561 plots in temperate forests of southern Quebec, Canada. We then identify bright spots and dark spots of aboveground carbon storage, where forests are performing much better or worse than predicted based on biophysical and ecological conditions alone. We conducted surveys with forest owners to assess whether their individual goals, values, and management actions explain the differences in carbon storage between bright and dark spots.</p> <p>3. Biophysical and ecological variables collectively explained a substantial fraction of the variation in carbon storage between forest plots (R<sup>2 </sup>= 0.42). The ecological variables of stand age, species richness, and functional diversity within the plots were the most important variables in explaining carbon storage.</p> <p>4. Surveys with forest owners showed that bright spots (plots that stored more carbon than predicted) were often associated with a strong connection to, or dependence on, the forest property. Dark spots were more often associated with forest harvesting and hunting.</p> <p>5. <em>Synthesis and applications</em>: Ecologically-based policies that aim to increase the average forest age, species richness, and functional diversity—and socially-based policies that incentivise long-term forest ownership, stronger connections between people and their properties, and maple syrup production—could help increase carbon storage over multidecadal timescales and thereby reduce the harmful effects of climate change.</p>
Time series of the longitudinal gradient of Venus's brightness temperature measured by Akatsuki LIR
<p>The files contain the time series of the longitudinal gradient of Venusian cloud's brightness temperature measured by LIR onboard JAXA's Venus orbiter Akatsuki. The data were derived and analyzed in the paper "Planetary-Scale Waves Seen in Thermal Infrared Images of Venusian Cloud Top" by Kajiwara et al. The filename represents the latitude for each time series (For example, "10N" means 10 degrees north, and "EQ" means the equator). In all files, the first column gives the approximate elapsed time in days from 18 May 2017: the exact dates are given in the paper. The second column gives the longitudinal gradient of the brightness temperature in unit of K/degree.</p>
brightness temperature data of Balmer-Kapteyn Region
<p>The zip file includes the raw Brightness temperature (TB) data, and the processed TB, normalized TB (nTB), TB difference (dTB) of Balmer-Kapteyn Region.</p>
Data from: Female and male plumage brightness is positively correlated among populations of the dichromatic Variable Seedeater
<p>Because studies of plumage coloration often focus on highly elaborate and conspicuous males, little is known about the factors driving the evolution of drab plumage in females of dichromatic species. We explored variation in the color properties of drab female plumage across subspecies of the Variable Seedeater (<em>Sporophila corvina</em>), and found a correlation between plumage brightness of male and female plumage patches. This correlation is consistent with the hypothesis that differences in plumage brightness among females result, at least partially, from a genetic correlation or shared developmental pathway with the more conspicuous male plumage traits that are shaped by sexual selection. Further, we modeled the perception of female plumage using the avian visual system and found that most of the variation in color among females is mostly undetectable by birds; therefore, it is unlikely for such variation to have evolved via direct sexual selection as a signal for recognition or assortative mating. Together, these results suggest that variation in <em>S. corvina</em> female color result from non-adaptive processes. However, we found a reduced variation on color of dorsal patches compared with that of ventral patches among females, which could be explained by natural selection operation on crypsis, reducing the variation on dorsal patches. Finally, we found little differences in plumage color between adult females and juveniles, which suggest selection for juveniles to resemble adult females possibly to reduce aggression from adult males. Additional within-population studies and behavioral experiments are needed to discern the evolutionary factors driving variation on <em>S. corvina</em> female color and its function.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.