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117 results for “Cervus”
Individual project on theme "Cervus L." (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
<p><strong><span>Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта </span></strong><em><span>Попова Игоря</span></em><strong><span> по теме "</span></strong><em><span>C</span></em><em><span>ervus</span></em><em><span> </span></em><span>L</span><span>.</span><strong><span>" в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo)</span></strong></p>
Data from: Genetic analysis of red deer (Cervus elaphus) administrative management units in a human-dominated landscape - patterns of genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow
<p><span><span>Red deer (</span><span><em>Cervus elaphus</em></span><span>) throughout central Europe are</span> impacted by different anthropogenic activities including habitat fragmentation, selective hunting, and translocations<span>. This has substantial influences on genetic diversity and the long-term conservation of local populations of this species. Here we use genetic samples from 480 red deer individuals to assess the genetic diversity and differentiation of the 12 administrative management units located in Schleswig Holstein, the northernmost federal state in Germany. </span></span><span><span>We applied multiple analytical approaches and show that the history of local populations (i.e., translocations, culling of individuals outside of designated red deer zones, and anthropogenic infrastructures) has led to comparably low levels of genetic diversity. The mean expected heterozygosity was below 0.6 and we observed on average 4.2 alleles across 12 microsatellite loci. Effective population sizes below the recommended level of 50 were estimated for multiple local populations. </span></span><span><span>Our estimates of genetic structure and gene flow show that red deer in northern Germany are best described as a complex network of asymmetrically connected subpopulations, with high genetic exchange among some local populations and reduced connectivity of others. Genetic diversity was also correlated with population densities of neighboring management units. </span></span></p> <p><span><span>Based on these findings, we suggest that connectivity among existing management units needs to be considered in the practical management of the species, which means that some administrative management units should be managed together, while the effective isolation of other units needs to be mitigated.</span></span></p>
Data from: The role of the introduced rusa deer Cervus timorensis for wildlife hunting in West Papua, Indonesia
<p>The rusa deer has been introduced to Merauke region and later to Vogelkop Peninsula in Indonesian New Guinea (West Papua) in 1928. It has widely dispersed across much of the West Papuan lowlands, but little is known on population size and its role for the livelihoods of rural communities. Here, our aim was to assess the population status of rusa deer, and to investigate the extent of hunting practices on this mammal in West Papua.</p> <p>We conducted camera trapping and line transect surveys simultaneously to estimate rusa deer population abundance in the Kwoor basin of the Tambrauw regency, Papua Barat province, Indonesia. We also interviewed hunters (n = 134), informants (n = 9) and households (n = 91) to assess hunting patterns and socioeconomic importance of rusa deer across fifteen districts of the Tambrauw regency.</p> <p>We estimated rusa deer density within a 48 km² forested area at 10.34 (5.36–19.98) and 21.04 individuals/km² using line transect and N-mixture modeling approach using camera trapping data, respectively. Both density estimates are considerably higher than those from its native range in Java and Bali (0.08 individual/km²). Almost 92% of hunters reported that they hunted rusa deer in their traditional forests, being the most frequent amongst the 18 hunted species, particularly for commercial (62%) and subsistence (38%) purposes. </p> <p>Our results suggest that traditional hunting has become a significant livelihood activity and important income source in the study area. It is therefore imperative to identify potential management strategies on wildlife hunting while also considering that the high densities of introduced rusa deer may potentially exert adverse effects on native flora and fauna.</p> <p>This study further suggests that traditional knowledge (locally called 'sasi' system) and wildlife taboos still govern wildlife hunting and utilization of forest resources in West Papua, and these need to play a role in integrated community-based wildlife management.</p>
Fig. 6. O in First description of Onchocerca jakutensis (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Switzerland
Fig. 6. O. jakutensis female: Ratio of cuticular annulation (A) to medullar striae (S) 1:4.
Fig. 2 in First description of Onchocerca jakutensis (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Switzerland
Fig. 2. Anterior end of O. jakutensis female, with granular lumps in process of degeneration.
Fig. 1 in Osteometric analysis of the scapula and humerus of Rangifer tarandus and Cervus elaphus: A contribution to the discrimination of Late Pleistocene cervids
Fig. 1. Geographic location of Kiputz IX (Mutriku, Gipuzkoa).
Fig. 2 in Osteometric analysis of the scapula and humerus of Rangifer tarandus and Cervus elaphus: A contribution to the discrimination of Late Pleistocene cervids
Fig. 2. Stratigraphic section and radiocarbon dates for the locality of Kiputz IX.
Fig. 9 in Morphological description and multilocus genotyping of Onchocerca spp. in red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Switzerland
Fig. 9. Detail of Onchocerca flexuosa female: Uterine tubes (arrow) straightened inside curly body.
Dental mesowear and microwear raw data for Cervus elaphus, Rupicapra pyrenaica and Sus scrofa from Balma del Gai; and the ANOVA - test for equal means
<p>Quantitative data for the dental microwear and mesowear analyses on <em>Cervus elaphus</em>, <em>Rupicapra pyrenaica </em>and <em>Sus scrofa</em> from the Epipalaeolithic sequence of Balma del Gai (Moià, Spain). And the ANOVA - Test for equal means.</p>
Data from: Numerical top-down effects on red deer (Cervus elaphus) are mainly shaped by humans rather than large carnivores across Europe
<p>Terrestrial ecosystems are shaped by interacting top-down and bottom-up processes, with the magnitude of top-down control by large carnivores largely depending on environmental productivity. While carnivore-induced numerical effects on ungulate prey populations have been demonstrated in large, relatively undisturbed ecosystems, whether large carnivores can play a similar role in more human-dominated systems is a clear knowledge gap. As humans influence both predator and prey in a variety of ways, the ecological impacts of large carnivores can be largely modified. We quantified the interactive effects of human activities and large carnivore presence on red deer (<em>Cervus elaphus</em>) population density and how their impacts interacted and varied with environmental productivity</p> <p>Data on red deer density were collected based on a literature survey encompassing 492 study sites across 28 European countries. Variation in density across study sites was analysed using a generalised additive model in which productivity, carnivore presence (grey wolf, European lynx, Brown bear), human activities (hunting, intensity of human land-use activity), site protection status and climatic variables served as predictors. </p> <p>The results showed that a reduction in deer density only occurred when wolf, lynx and bear co-occurred within the same site. In the absence of large carnivores, red deer density varied along a productivity gradient without a clear pattern. Although a linear relationship with productivity in the presence of all three large carnivore species was found, this was not statistically significant. Moreover, hunting by humans had a stronger effect than the presence of all large carnivores in reducing red deer density and red deer density increased with increasing intensity of human land-use, with stronger large carnivore effects (all three carnivore species present) at sites with low human land-use activities. </p> <p><em>Synthesis and applications</em>: This study provides evidence for the dominant role played by humans (i.e. hunting, land-use activities) relative to large carnivores in reducing red deer density across European human-dominated landscapes. These findings suggest that when we would like large carnivores to exert numeric effects, we should focus on minimizing human impacts to allow the ecological impacts of large carnivores on ecosystem functioning.</p>
Data from: Numerical top-down effects on red deer (Cervus elaphus) are mainly shaped by humans rather than large carnivores across Europe
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Data from: Genetic analysis of red deer (Cervus elaphus) administrative management units in a human-dominated landscape - patterns of genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow
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Data from: The role of the introduced rusa deer Cervus timorensis for wildlife hunting in West Papua, Indonesia
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Data from: High-resolution analysis of red deer (<em>Cervus elaphus</em>) management units in a Central European region of high human population density reveals severe effects on genetic diversity and differentiation
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FIGS. 37–40. Amplaria umatilla, A. cervus. Figs. 37 in The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893. II. New records and species of the genus Amplaria Chamberlin, 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea)
FIGS. 37–40. Amplaria umatilla, A. cervus. Figs. 37. Amplaria umatilla, right gonopod, mesal view. Figs. 38–40. A. cervus. Fig. 38. Right gonopod, mesal view. Fig. 39. Legpair 9 of male, anterior view. Fig. 40. Right second coxa and trochanter, posterior view.
Data from: Landscape genetic analyses of Cervus elaphus and Sus scrofa: comparative study and analytical developments
Red deer and wild boar are two major game species whose populations are managed and live in areas impacted by human activities. Measuring and understanding the impact of landscape features on individual movements and spatial patterns of genetic variability in these species is thus of importance for managers. A large number of individuals sampled across Wallonia (Belgium) for both species have been genotyped using microsatellite markers (respectively >1700 and >1200 genotyped individuals) and some individuals have also been followed using a capture-mark-recapture (CMR) protocol. The combined data set represents an unprecedented opportunity to study and compare the environmental factors impacting the interconnectivity of these large mammals. The present study describes and uses a landscape genetic workflow to compare spatial patterns of genetic variability and the impact of environmental factors on genetic differentiation. For the latter analyses, we investigate the correlation between genetic and environmental distances (pairwise approach) and also between local genetic dissimilarity and environmental conditions (point approach). Preliminary analyses of CMR data confirm that motorways act as significant barriers to dispersal. However, analyses performed with the pairwise approach do not highlight any evidence of an impact of motorways on genetic differentiation, which is presumably due to their recent establishment. Complementary analyses performed with the point approach reveal that low altitude tends to be associated with higher genetic dissimilarity. From a methodological point of view, the present workflow illustrates the complementary application of both pairwise and point approaches as well as univariate and multivariate analyses.
Data from: Greece: a Balkan subrefuge for a remnant red deer (Cervus elaphus) population
A number of phylogeographic studies have revealed the existence of multiple ice age refugia within the Balkan Peninsula marking it as a biodiversity hotspot. Greece has been reported to harbour genetically differentiated lineages from the rest of Balkans for a number of mammal species. We therefore searched for distinct red deer lineages in Greece, by analysing 78 samples originating from its last population in Parnitha Mountain (central Greece). Additionally, we tested the impact of human-induced practices on this population. The presence of two discrete mtDNA lineages was inferred: i) an abundant one not previously sampled in the Balkans and ii) a more restricted one shared with other Balkan populations, possibly the result of successful translocations of eastern-European individuals. Microsatellite-based analyses of 14 loci strongly support the existence of two subpopulations with relative frequencies similar to mitochondrial analyses. This study stresses the biogeographic importance of central Greece as a separate last Glacial Maximun Period (LGM) refugium within the Balkans. It also delineates the possible effects that recent translocations of red deer populations had on the genetic structuring within Parnitha. We suggest that the Greek red deer population of Parnitha is genetically distinct and restocking programs should take this genetic evidence into consideration.
Dental raw mesowear and microwear data for Equus ferus and Cervus elaphus from Abreda Cave (levels D-I) and Bora Gran (Spain)
<div> </div> <div>Raw data from the low-magnification analysis (x35) of dental microwear and mesowear analysis of <em>Equus ferus</em> and <em>Cervus elaphus</em> from the Late Pleistocene levels from Abreda Cave (levels D-I) and Bora Gran (Spain).</div>
Fig. 10 in Demographic data on a stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) population self-established in an artificial suburban habitat
Fig. 10. Yearly number of stag beetles found dead by predation at the Jagersveld CMR site during the period 2001- 2023. Areas in grey refer to predation by Corvids, areas in yellow to predation by hedgehogs. The annual sex-ratio measured on these beetle remains is indicated, as is the yearly total number of beetles killed by predators and the total number of natural deaths.
Fig. 9 in Demographic data on a stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) population self-established in an artificial suburban habitat
Fig. 9. Variation, as a function of year, of the mean and standard error of head width (KB) of males found dead at the Jagersveld CMR site. Numbers indicate the size of the samples, and letters and colors indicate samples not significantly differing in size from each other at the P = 0.05 threshold, by using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple comparisons. Samples of years 1924 and 2021 were excluded from the K-W analysis.
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OpenNeuro
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