Find research datasets worth reusing

FIGURE 13 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 13. Photograph of Rhampholeon msitugrabensis sp. nov. in life. (A)—Adult female holotype (UTEP 21709) from Kibira National Park, Burundi.

FIGURE 11 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 11. Photographs illustrating bone fluorescence revealed by ultraviolet light exposure in Rhampholeon nalubaale sp. nov. (UTEP 22673) from the Albertine Rift, Central Africa.

FIGURE 14 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 14. Photographs of various individuals of Rhampholeon monteslunae sp. nov. in life. (A)—Adult female holotype (UTEP 22735) from Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Uganda; (B)—Adult female (uncollected) from Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Uganda; (C)—Adult male (UTEP 21714) from Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Uganda; (D)—Adult male (UTEP 22733) from Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Uganda; (E)—Adult male (UTEP 21711) from Bururi Forest Reserve, Burundi; (F)—Adult male (UTEP 21710) from Bururi Forest Reserve, Burundi; (G)—Habitat view of a riparian area near the main trail at the type locality; (H)—Habitat view of the forest at the type locality.

FIGURE 10 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 10. Photographs of various individuals of Rhampholeon nalubaale sp. nov. in life. (A)—Adult female holotype (UTEP 22673) from Budongo Central Forest Reserve, Uganda; (B)—Adult female paratopotype (UTEP 22671) with recently laid eggs from Budongo Central Forest Reserve, Uganda; (C)—Adult female paratopotype (UTEP 22672) from Budongo Central Forest Reserve, Uganda; (D)—Adult female paratype (UTEP 21694) from Budongo Central Forest Reserve, Uganda; (E)—Adult female (UTEP 21700) from Kibale Forest National Park, Uganda; (F)—Adult female (UTEP 21695) from Bizombo, DRC; (G)—Habitat view of the forest at Bizombo, DRC; (H)—Another habitat view of the forest at Bizombo, DRC.

FIGURE 9 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 9. Photographs of various individuals of Rhampholeon plumptrei sp. nov. in life. (A)—Adult female holotype (UTEP 22668) from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda; (B)—Juvenile (UTEP 22666) from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda; (C)—Male paratype (UTEP 21685) from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda; (D)—Female (UTEP 22749) from Kahuzi-Biega National Park, DRC; (E)—Female (UTEP 22750) from Kahuzi-Biega National Park, DRC; (F)— Female (UTEP 21386) from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda; (G)—Habitat view of the type locality showing the distinction between the protected forest and agriculture; (H)—Habitat view of a swamp in the type locality showing an area known as "the neck."

FIGURE 8 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 8. Photographs of various individuals of Rhampholeon boulengeri in life. (A)—Adult male (UTEP 21715) from the vicinity of Bichaka, DRC; (B)—Uncollected adult male from the Itombwe Plateau, DRC; (C, D)—Adult male (UTEP 21716) from the vicinity of Bichaka, DRC; (E)—Habitat view of the forest at Bichaka, DRC; (F)—Another habitat view of the forest at Bichaka, DRC.

FIGURE 7 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 7. Photographs of the lectotype and paralectotypes of Rhampholeon boulengeri. Adult male paralectotype (NMW 16000-1): (A)—lateral view; (B)—dorsal head view; (C)—lateral head view. Adult male lectotype (NMW 16000-2): (D)— lateral view; (E)—dorsal head view; (F)—lateral head view. Adult female paralectotype (NMW 16000-3): (G)—lateral view; (H)—dorsal head view; (I)—lateral head view. Photos by PW, Alice Schumacher, and Georg Gassner.

FIGURE 4 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 4. Box plots showing variation in external traits of the Rhampholeon boulengeri complex from the Albertine Rift, Central Africa. Sample sizes for each species are denoted in the bottom right quarter. Males and females are separated to show degree of sexual-size dimorphism across members of the complex. All measurements are in mm. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, minimum and maximum inter-quartile ranges, and outliers. Refer to text for description of the linear measurements.

FIGURE 6 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 6. Bivariate plots of the first two principal components from an analysis of 13 size-corrected measurements from the Rhampholeon boulengeri complex using female (A) and male (B) specimens from the Albertine Rift, Central Africa. Loadings and percent variance explained are presented in Table 1. Lectotype and paralectotypes of R. boulengeri are indicated by green stars.

FIGURE 5 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 5. Bivariate plot of the first two principal components from an analysis of 13 size-corrected measurements using all specimens for the Rhampholeon boulengeri complex from the Albertine Rift, Central Africa. Loadings and percent variance explained are presented in Table 1. Lectotype and paralectotypes of R. boulengeri are indicated by green stars. Numbers indicate specific specimens used in the analysis.

FIGURE 3 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 3. Elevational zonation of the Rhampholeon boulengeri complex from the Albertine Rift, Central Africa. Each colorcoded circle corresponds to an individual specimen. The top panel shows the elevational distribution by species and the lower panel is grouped by specific localities. The number enclosed in the larger circle indicates the number of specimens from the same elevation.

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 2. Map of the Albertine Rift, Central Africa, showing sampling localities for specimens of the Rhampholeon boulengeri complex examined in this study. For clarity, we show color-coded circles that indicate the number of specimens examined from that general locality. Underlined numbers indicate that a specimen from that area also included genetic data analyzed in Hughes et al. (2018). Two specimens (UTEP 21704–21705) from DRC not shown (see text for details). For a detailed map of localities representing R. boulengeri (sensu lato) see Tilbury (2018). The color scheme corresponds to clades of the species complex and is retained throughout all figures: Green = Rhampholeon sp. Itombwe (R. boulengeri); pink = Rhampholeon sp. 1 (R. plumptrei sp. nov.); blue = Rhampholeon sp. 2 (R. nalubaale sp. nov.); yellow = Rhampholeon sp. 3 (R. bombayi sp. nov.); purple = Rhampholeon sp. 4 (R. msitugrabensis sp. nov.); red = Rhampholeon sp. 5 (R. monteslunae sp. nov.).

FIGURE 1 in Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift

FIGURE 1. Bayesian phylogeny of the Rhampholeon boulengeri complex from the Albertine Rift, Central Africa, adapted from Figure 4 of Hughes et al. (2018). Posterior probabilities ≥ 95% are denoted by filled circles adjacent to nodes.

Figure 9 in Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae)

Figure 9. Identification key to the species of the Calumma boettgeri complex, including the three new species described here. Diagnostic characters are marked in red. For a comparison of diagnostic characters, see also Table 5.

Figure 10 in Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae)

Figure 10. DiceCT scan integrated into micro-CT scan of the skull of Calumma gehringi (ZSM 2840/2010), showing the position of the brain below the frontoparietal fenestra. A, lateral view on midsagittal section of three-dimensional model. B, dorsal view on three-dimensional model. C, lateral view on midsagittal section (diceCT only). D, correlation of elevation and presence/width of the frontoparietal fenestra in the Calumma nasutum group, based on data in Table 4. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Figure 8 in Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae)

Figure 8. Distribution and habitat of Calumma juliae sp. nov. A, fragment of degraded primary forest of 15 ha next to Route Nationale 2; blue dots indicate records of C. juliae sp. nov. B, small fragment of primary forest (on the right) between rice fields and eucalyptus forest (on the left, behind). C, habitat of C. juliae sp. nov. next to rice fields; view from Route Nationale 2 in August 2016. D, C. juliae sp. nov. in sleeping position photographed at night. Satellite imagery from Google Earth (17 December 2016).

Figure 7 in Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae)

Figure 7. Calumma juliae sp. nov. coloration in life during day. A, female holotype ZSM 143/2016 relaxed. B, juvenile ZSM 254/2016 relaxed. C, D, portrait of female ZSM 254/2016 with stress pattern (C) and slightly displaying (D).

Figure 4 in Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae)

Figure 4. Micro-computed tomography scans of the skulls of the three holotypes in dorsal and lateral view. A, male Calumma uetzi sp. nov. (ZSM 1688/2012). B, male C. lefona sp. nov. (ZSM 2849/2010). C, female C. juliae sp. nov. (ZSM 143/2016). D, male C. boettgeri (ZSM 440/2000). E, male C. linotum holotype. F, female C. linotum (ZSM 551/2001). G, male C. gehringi holotype (ZSM 2851/2010). H, male C. guibei (ZSM 2855/2010). Diagnostic characters are encircled in red. Abbreviations are given in the Material and Methods. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Figure 6 in Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae)

Figure 6. Distribution map of seven species of the Calumma boettgeri complex in Madagascar. The type locality is unknown for Calumma linotum. Contour lines indicate steps of 200 m elevation. The record from Nosy Komba is based on Hyde Roberts & Daly (2014). Coordinates for Calumma boettgeri, Maromiandra (Nagy et al., 2012) in Prötzel et al. (2015) are corrected to 13.9965°S, 48.2177°E.

Figure 5 in Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae)

Figure 5. DiceCT scans of hemipenes. A, right hemipenes of Calumma uetzi sp. nov. in asulcal (left) and sulcal (right) view. B, left hemipenes (incompletely everted) of C. lefona sp. nov. in asulcal (left) and sulcal (right) view; note that characters can be seen only in completely everted hemipenes. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.