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FIGURE 2 in Chromosome Numbers of Some Cultivated Acanthaceae with Notes on Chromosomal Evolution in the Family
FIGURE 2 (lower right). Chromosomes of Acanthaceae in pollen mother cells. A. Ruellia costaricensis, telophase II, n = 17. B. Strobilanthes hamiltoniana, telophase I (distance between poles of cell reduced for presentation), n = 11. C. Pseuderanthemum graciliflorum, metaphase I, n = 21. D. Peristrophe speciosa, metaphase I, n = 30. E. Strobilanthes hamiltoniana, diakinesis (showing nucleolus, n), n = 11. Chromosomes shown in outline only are touching or overlapping other chromosomes. Scale applies to all figures. See Table 1 for voucher information.
A comprehensive catalog of approxiamte short tandem repeat regions on autosomes and sex chromosomes of the human genome GRCh38
<p>To obtain a general TR catalog across the human genome, we identified genomic intervals with a stretch of approximate repetitions of a DNA motif ranging from 1-6bp on GRCh38 autosomes and sex chromosomes by using STRfinder (v1.0), and each STR region was annotated based on gencode.V38 (https://www.gencodegenes.org/human/release_38.html). To end up, we successfully found 1,656,159 TR intervals, covering 1.107653% (34.2 Mbp) of GRCh38 (https://console.cloud.google.com/storage/browser/_details/genomics-public-data/resources/broad/hg38/v0/Homo_sapiens_assembly38.fasta). </p>
Source Code—Motorized chain models of the ideal chromosome
<p>Code and data for reproducing the findings in "Motorized chain models of the ideal chromosome" by Zhiyu Cao & Peter G Wolynes</p> <p>We carried out hybrid Brownian-Gillespie simulations of the polymer dynamics for the swimming motors. The programs can run in parallel on Cuda software. We use periodic boundary conditions without considering the self-avoiding and excluded volume effect. In addition, we solve the self-consistent equation by an iterative method.</p>
Figure 2 in EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS OF GENOME SIZE AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER VARIATION IN BEGONIACEAE
Figure 2. Genome sizes and chromosome numbers of 64 Begonia species and Hillebrandia sandwicensis. The sources of the data used to create this scatter plot are specified in Supplementary table 2. Species in the same sections are enclosed within an ellipse. Colours indicate the continent where each species is found. The Hillebrandia data point is labelled as 'Outgroup'.
Figure 1 in EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS OF GENOME SIZE AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER VARIATION IN BEGONIACEAE
Figure 1. Variation in haploid chromosome number across the Begonia sections recognised by Moonlight et al. (2018) and their chromosome data. Boxes in the box plot are grouped by clade. The colours indicate the continent where these sections are found. Bar charts indicate the proportion of the section with known chromosome counts. Dots indicate sections with polyploid species or with species with known interspecific chromosome number variation (including B chromosomes). AC-C, Asian clade C; AC-D, Asian clade D; EDAB, early diverging Asian Begonia; FFAB, fleshy-fruited African Begonia; MB, Malagasy Begonia; NC1, Neotropical clade 1; NC2-i, Neotropical clade 2-i; NC2-ii, Neotropical clade 2-ii; NC2-iii, Neotropical clade 2-iii; SB, Socotran Begonia; SDAAB1, seasonally dry adapted African Begonia 1; SDAAB2, seasonally dry adapted African Begonia 2; YFAB, yellow-flowered African Begonia. * Unresolved or polyphyletic in the phylogeny of Moonlight et al. (2018).
FIGURE 3 in Reassessing the causal connection between satDNA dynamics and chromosomal evolution in Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae): Unveiling the overlooked importance of the Y chromosome
FIGURE 3 Ancestral RPCS copy number reconstruction. RPCS copy number was mapped along the mtDNA phylogeny using the phytools function anc.ML, for males and females of the Ctenomys Corrientes group separately. The projection of the reconstruction onto the edges of the tree was made with the function contMap. RPCS copy number is expressed as thousands of copies. The scale of the tree is expressed in substitutions per site. Letters A–D correspond to the four main clades of the group.
FIGURE 2 in Reassessing the causal connection between satDNA dynamics and chromosomal evolution in Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae): Unveiling the overlooked importance of the Y chromosome
FIGURE 2 Geographic distribution of mean RPCS copy number. The Corrientes group lineages are surrounded by dashed lines. Locality numbers are: 1 – San Alonso, 2 – Loreto, 3 – Contreras_Cué, 4 – Estancia La Tacuarita, 5 – Saladas Sur, 6 – Saladas, 7 – Santa Rosa, 8 – San Roque, 9 – Estancia San Luis, 10 – Pago Alegre, 11 – Mbarigüí, 12 – Paraje Angostura, 13 – Goya, 14 – Chavarría, 15 – Colonia 3 de abril, 16 – Rincón de Ambrosio.
FIGURE 1 in Reassessing the causal connection between satDNA dynamics and chromosomal evolution in Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae): Unveiling the overlooked importance of the Y chromosome
FIGURE 1 Differences in RPCS copy number in males and females. Scatter plot showing differences in RPCS copy numbers between males and females of the Ctenomys Corrientes group, expressed as thousands of copies. Clades A-D correspond to the four different clades of the phylogeny (figs 3 and 4). A smoothing function was applied with the package ggplot2.
FIGURE 4 in Reassessing the causal connection between satDNA dynamics and chromosomal evolution in Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae): Unveiling the overlooked importance of the Y chromosome
FIGURE 4 Ancestral reconstruction of diploid numbers (2n) and main RPCS reductions and amplifications in the Ctenomys Corrientes group. Ancestral diploid numbers were inferred with the ChromEvol model implemented in RevBayes, over the mtDNA Bayesian phylogeny of the Corrientes group. Numbers in internal nodes/ terminals represent inferred/observed 2n. Colored circles depict 2n (size) and posterior probability of the inferred value (color). Red and green branches depict significant reductions and amplifications in diploid numbers, respectively. Smaller equal-sized black circles show well-supported nodes (posterior probability> 0.75). Black arrowheads denote a marked increase/decrease in RPCS copy numbers (inferred from females). The scale bar is expressed in substitutions per site.
Fig. 2 in Diversity and chromosomal evolution in the genus Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Loricariidae: Ancistrini) from three hydrographic basins of Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Fig. 2. Karyotypes of Ancistrus with AgRONs in boxes (a-g); C band of Ancistrus sp. 13 (g'). Bars 10µm.
Fig. 3 in Diversity and chromosomal evolution in the genus Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Loricariidae: Ancistrini) from three hydrographic basins of Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Fig. 3. Metaphases of Ancistrus with C band showing chromosomes NOR positive with large heterochromatin block (arrows). Bars 10 μm.
Fig. 1 in Diversity and chromosomal evolution in the genus Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Loricariidae: Ancistrini) from three hydrographic basins of Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Fig. 1. Map of Mato Grosso State and sites crop (highlight-) showing Amazon, Araguaia-Tocantins and Paraguay hydrographic basins. Scale of original map 1:100.000.
Fig. 3. Metacentric chromosomal pair 1 in The role of chromosomal fusion in the karyotypic evolution of the genus Ageneiosus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae)
Fig. 3. Metacentric chromosomal pair 1 (a) stained with Giemsa, (b) C-banded and (c) hybridized with [TTAGGG]n. The schematic illustration in (d) represents the possible fusion rearrangement which originated this pair.
Fig. 2 in The role of chromosomal fusion in the karyotypic evolution of the genus Ageneiosus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae)
Fig. 2. Karyotype of Ageneiosus inermis hybridized with (a) 5S rDNA (digoxigenin, red) and 18S rDNA (FITC, green). Metaphases of Ageneiosus inermis hybridized with (b) [TTAGGG]n telomeric sequence and with (d) [GATA]n repeats. The arrows indicate the metacentric chromosomal pair 1, which was originated by fusion.
Fig. 1 in The role of chromosomal fusion in the karyotypic evolution of the genus Ageneiosus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae)
Fig. 1. Karyotypes of Ageneiosus inermis stained with Giemsa (a) and sequentially C-banded (b). The AgNORs bearing chromosomes pair is presented in the box.
FIGURE 2 in Chromosomal analysis of Centromochlus heckelii (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae), with a contribution to Centromochlus definition
FIGURE 2 | Idiograms representing the karyotype and locations of heterochromatin and AgNORs in Centromochlus heckelii (present study) in comparison to Tatia neivai and Tatia jaracatia (Lui et al., 2013a). m: metacentric chromosomes; sm: submetacentric chromosomes; st: subtelocentric chromosomes; a: acrocentric chromosomes.
Fig. 5. The ill-defined acrocentric B in B chromosome and NORs polymorphism in Callichthys callichthys (Linnaeus, 1758) (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from upper Paraná River, Brazil
Fig. 5. The ill-defined acrocentric B chromosome: (a) Giemsa stained; (b) C-banded; stained by (c) CMA3 and by (d) DAPI. The bar represents 5µm.
Fig. 3 in B chromosome and NORs polymorphism in Callichthys callichthys (Linnaeus, 1758) (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from upper Paraná River, Brazil
Fig. 3. Callichthys callichthys metaphases spreads with the third NOR bearing chromosome. The arrowheads indicate the NORs, marked in the interstitial position stained by (a) CMA3 and confirmed by (b) DAPI; and in terminal position stained by (c) CMA3 and confirmed by (d) DAPI. The bar represents 5µm.
Fig. 2. C in B chromosome and NORs polymorphism in Callichthys callichthys (Linnaeus, 1758) (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from upper Paraná River, Brazil
Fig. 2. C-banded metaphases of Callichthys callichthys: the arrowhead indicates the third NORs bearing chromosome and the arrow indicates the (a) acrocentric B chromosome and the (b) ill-defined acrocentric B chromosome. The bar represents 5µm.
Fig. 1 in B chromosome and NORs polymorphism in Callichthys callichthys (Linnaeus, 1758) (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from upper Paraná River, Brazil
Fig. 1. Callichthys callichthys karyotypes stained by Giemsa: (a) with an acrocentric B chromosome and the third NORs bearing chromosome (interstitial) and (b) with the ill-defined acrocentric B chromosome and the third NORs bearing chromosome (terminal). The bar represents 5µm.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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