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81 results for “Clarias gariepinus”
Fig. 17. Clarias gariepinus, 916 in The non-native freshwater fishes of Hong Kong: diversity, distributions, and origins
Fig. 17. Clarias gariepinus, 916 mm SL, Waterfall Bay Stream, photographed by Samuel C.L. Ho.
An investigation of ZZ/ZW and XX/XY sex determination systems in North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
<p class="CxSpFirst">Sex-specific loci are powerful tools for identifying sex determination systems. They offer a molecular biotechnological approach for producing all‐male or all-female fish for commercial breeding. The North African catfish has been widely adopted for aquaculture, because its superior growth and disease resistance render the species suitable for hybridization with other catfish, to improve the productivity and quality of fish meat. North African catfish have either a ZZ/ZW or XX/XY sex determination system. Here, we investigate and characterize these systems using high-throughput genome complexity reduction sequencing. This approach was effective for identifying sex-specific loci with both single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and restriction fragment presence/absence (PA) markers in 30 phenotypic sex assignments of North African catfish. In total, 41 male-linked loci met the criteria of moderately sex-linked loci (70:30, male:female; 80:20, male:female). By contrast, only 25 female-linked loci were detected from moderately sex-linked loci, and no perfectly male- or female-specific sex-linked loci were observed. Several male-linked loci were partially homologous to transposable element and functional genes, and most also showed partial homology with several amniote sex chromosomal linkages. This suggests that an ancestral amniote super-sex chromosome with overlaps of partial sex chromosomal linkages was also found in teleosts, and that the male heterogametic XX/XY sex determination system should exist in North African catfish. The putative Y chromosome is young and the non-recombination region is highly cryptic. In addition, the ZW type of North African catfish exhibits heteromorphic sex chromosomes, whereas the two other groups of North African catfish have different sex determination systems. Thus, turnover of sex chromosome systems might have occurred stochastically in ancestral homomorphic sex chromosomes. The XY group has been introduced into Thailand for commercial breeding. This approach using sex-specific loci provides a solid baseline for revealing sex determination mechanisms and identify potential sex determination regions in catfish, allowing further investigation of genetic improvements in breeding programs.</p>
An investigation of ZZ/ZW and XX/XY sex determination systems in North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
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Figure 11 from: Sabry DA, El-Badry D (2020) Altered retina and cornea of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) under the effect of bright and dim lights. Zoologia 37: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e51603
Figure 11 Mean thickness of the different retinal layers in Clarias gariepinus. Each column represents the mean value ± SD (n = 7); * significant at p < 0.05. (NL) Normal light, (BL) bright light, (DL) dim light, (GCL) ganglion cell layer, (IPL) inner plexiform layer, (INL) inner nuclear layer, (OPL) outer plexiform layer, (ONL) outer nuclear layer, (PR) photoreceptors, (PE) pigmented epithelium.
Figures 1-5 from: Sabry DA, El-Badry D (2020) Altered retina and cornea of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) under the effect of bright and dim lights. Zoologia 37: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e51603
Figures 1-5 Photomicrograph of sagittal histological sections of cornea of Clarias gariepinus: (1) control showing normal stratified epithelium, Bowman's layer, heavily nucleated stroma, Descemet's membrane and endothelium;(2–3) bright light exposed group showing damaged epithelium and fragility of stroma; (4–5) dim light exposed group showing less improved stroma. Arrow head refer to vacuolization. Arrow refers to pyknosis. Crossed arrow refers to epithelial cell loss. Star refers to stromal edema. (Ep) Epithelium, (BM) Bowman's membrane, (St) stroma, (DM) Descemet's membrane, (E) endothelium, (NL) normal light, (BL) bright light, (DL) dim light.
Figures 7-10 from: Sabry DA, El-Badry D (2020) Altered retina and cornea of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) under the effect of bright and dim lights. Zoologia 37: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e51603
Figures 7-10 Photomicrograph of sagittal histological sections of retina of Clarias gariepinus, showing ganglion cell layer, inner and outer plexiform layer, inner and outer nuclear layer, photoreceptor layer: (7) normal light showing ordinary retinal structure; (8–9) exposure to bright light showing damaged photoreceptor and increased infiltration of dark-brown pigments; (10) dim light exposure showing regenerated photoreceptors layer and less dense nerve fibers in the outer plexiform layer and outer nuclear layers. (GCL) Ganglion cell layer, (IPL) inner plexiform layer, (INL) inner nuclear layer, (OPL) outer plexiform layer, (ONL) outer nuclear layer, (PHR) photoreceptors, (PE) pigmented epithelium, (NL) normal light, (BL) bright light, (DL) dim light.
Figure 6 from: Sabry DA, El-Badry D (2020) Altered retina and cornea of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) under the effect of bright and dim lights. Zoologia 37: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e51603
Figure 6 Mean thickness of the cornea in Clarias gariepinus. Each column represents the mean value ± SD (n = 7); * significant at p < 0.05.
Figure 19 from: Sabry DA, El-Badry D (2020) Altered retina and cornea of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) under the effect of bright and dim lights. Zoologia 37: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e51603
Figure 19 Means of area percentage of GFAP and BAX. Each result represents the mean ± SD (n = 7). All estimated values of GFAP and BAX are significant at p < 0.05 among the different groups.
Figures 13-18 from: Sabry DA, El-Badry D (2020) Altered retina and cornea of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) under the effect of bright and dim lights. Zoologia 37: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e51603
Figures 13-18 Photomicrograph of sagittal histological sections of retina of Clarias gariepinus: (13–15) showing GFAP immunostaining: (13) control showing decreased GFAP immunohistochemistry; (14)exposure to bright light showing increased immunohistochemical reaction; (15) dim light exposure showing comparatively decreased immune reaction compared to bright light;(16–18) showing BAX immunostaining. Strong reaction appeared in different retinal layers of BL and DL retina more than in normal retina. (NL) Normal light, (BL) bright light, (DL) dim light.
Figure 12 from: Sabry DA, El-Badry D (2020) Altered retina and cornea of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) under the effect of bright and dim lights. Zoologia 37: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e51603
Figure 12 Mean thickness of the whole retina in Clarias gariepinus. Each column represents the mean value ± SD (n = 7); * significant at p < 0.05. (NL) normal light, (BL) bright light, (DL) dim light.
Figure 20 from: Sabry DA, El-Badry D (2020) Altered retina and cornea of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) under the effect of bright and dim lights. Zoologia 37: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e51603
Figure 20 Isoenzyme electrophoresis of Clarias gariepinus retina of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose- 6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PDH), Super oxide dismutase (SOD). (NL) Normal light, (BL) bright light, (DL) dim light.
Fig. 3 in Phenotypic Diversities Of Four Populations Of Clarias Gariepinus (Siluriformes, Clariidae) Obtained From Ogun And Ondo State Waterbodies In South-Western Nigeria
Fig. 3. PCA scatter diagram for meristics of Clarias gariepinus obtained from the four rivers. The red colour indicates River Ogbere and blue colour indicates River Omo, while pink colour indicates Owena dam and brown colour indicates River Oluwa.
Fig. 4 in Oxidative stress biomarkers in the African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, associated with infections by adult digeneans and water quality
Fig. 4. Monthly variation of stress biomarkers measured in the liver of Clarias gariepinus and body condition. A– Total protein (TP); B– Catalase (CAT); C– Glutathione reduced (GSH); D– Lipid peroxidation (LPX); E– Superoxide dismutase (SOD); F– body condition (KN). NC – no collection was performed; BD - below detection.
Fig. 3 in Oxidative stress biomarkers in the African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, associated with infections by adult digeneans and water quality
Fig. 3. Monthly variation of prevalence (%), mean intensity and mean abundance. A– Masenia nkomatiensis; B– Glossidium pedatum. NC – no collection was performed.
Fig. 3 in New records of digenean parasites of Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae) from the Okavango Delta, Botswana, with description of Thaparotrema botswanensis sp. n. (Plathelminthes: Trematoda)
Fig. 3. Light and scanning electron micrographs of Phyllodistomum bavuri Boomker, 1984 (A–C), Phyllodistomum vanderwaali Prudhoe & Hussey, 1977 (D–I) and Glossidium pedatum Looss, 1899 (J–L) collected from Clarias gariepinus in the Okavango Delta: (A) whole mount; (B) genital pore; (C) vitellaria, ovary and testes; (D) adults attached to urinary bladder; (E) whole mount; (F) body surface with papillae; (G) genital pore; (H) genital pore and pars prostatica; (I) vitellaria, ovary, uterus and testes; (J) whole mount; (K) anterior and posterior testes; (L) acetabulum and cirrus sac. Scale bars: A – 1 mm; B–D, H – 0.1 mm; E, I, K, L – 0.05 mm; J – 0.5 mm; F – 2 µm; G – 20 µm.
Fig. 3 in Novel distribution records and molecular data for species of Macrogyrodactylus Malmberg, 1957 (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) (Siluriformes: Clariidae) in southern Africa
Fig. 3. Illustrations of the hamuli of Macrogyrodactylus clarii Gussev, 1961 (A); M. congolensis (Prudhoe, 1957) (B); M. karibae Douëllou et Chishawa, 1995 (C). D – sickle of marginal hooks of M. clarii (i), M. congolensis (ii), and M. karibae (iii). Abbreviations: Ham – hamuli, Vbar – ventral bar, Dbar – dorsal bar, R1 and R2 – ventral bar rod-like sclerites.
Fig 4 in Novel distribution records and molecular data for species of Macrogyrodactylus Malmberg, 1957 (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) (Siluriformes: Clariidae) in southern Africa
Fig 4. Maximum likelihood phylogram based on the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions of the rDNA gene. GenBank accession number precedes species name. Species sequenced in the present study are in bold. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap support values are presented along branch nodes (posterior probability <0.90 and bootstrap <60 are not shown). Laminiscus gussevi (Bychowsky et Polyansky, 1953) was used as outgroup. Branch length scale bar indicates number of substitutions per site. Abbreviations: IC – Iceland; KY – Kenya; M. – Macrogyrodactylus; SA – South Africa; SN – Senegal; ZI – Zimbabwe; ZM – Zambia.
Fig. 6 in Additional data on Spinitectus petterae (Nematoda: Rhabditida) from Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) in the Vaal River system: conserved morphology or high intraspecific genetic variability?
Fig. 6. Phylogenetic relationships of Spinitectus spp. based on available 18S rDNA, based on the Bayesian (BI) method, with Rhabdochona xiphophori Caspeta-Mandujano, Moravec et Salgado-Maldonado, 2001 and Rhabdochona mazeedi Prasad et Sahay, 1965 serving as outgroups. Posterior probability (BI) and 1,000 bootstrap replicate (maximum likelihood (ML)) support indicated (BI/ML), nodes with less than 0.5 (50 %) support not annotated. Data shaded in colour indicate geographical locality or river system.
Fig. 3 in Additional data on Spinitectus petterae (Nematoda: Rhabditida) from Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) in the Vaal River system: conserved morphology or high intraspecific genetic variability?
Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of adult males of Spinitectus petterae Boomker, 1993 collected from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell). A – posterior section with extended left spicule; B – rugosa plates; C – two pairs of three post-cloacal papillae; D – base of left spicule and tip of right spicule protruding from cloaca; E – left spicule extended to cytoplasmic core opening; F – excised left spicule with inlay of cytoplasmic core opening; G – spicule blade with V-shaped velum, and terminal cytoplasmic core opening; H – spicule blade; I – ventral view of velum; J – excised and undigested right spicule; K, L – lateral and ventral aspect of the digested right spicule, respectively. Abbreviations: CCO – cytoplasmic core opening; FE – fleshy extension; LS – left spicule; M – manubrium; PcP – postcloacal papillae; PP – precloacal papillae; RP – rugosa plates; RS – right spicule; SB – spicule blade; SM – spicule muscle; ST – spicule tip; TCO – terminal cytoplasmic core opening; V – velum.
Fig. 1 in Microsatellite Variability Of Two Populations Of Clarias Gariepinus (Siluriformes, Clariidae) In Nigeria
Fig. 1. The study area showing the map of sites of collection of C. gariepinus.
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